MAN 320F

Emotions matter in the workplace because they: • All of the answer choices are correct • Influence how we interpret events • Impact all interpersonal aspects of the organization • Spread throughout the team or workgroup

Correct: All of the answer choices are correct

The following are examples of coping skills: Select all that apply. • Time pressures such as deadlines • Asking for help or reprioritizing tasks • Interpersonal pressures with coworkers or supervisor • Attempting to reframe a problem • Environmental factors such as noise or general working conditions

Correct: • Asking for help or reprioritizing tasks • Attempting to reframe a problem

There are a number of processes that people use when making decisions. These include decision-making heuristics like: Select all that apply • Representativeness • Reciprocity • Anchoring • Availability • Confirmation

Correct: • Representativeness • Anchoring • Availability

If the average worker can produce 15 widgets an hour, which goal is likely to lead to the best performance? • 18 • 30 • 10 • Do your best • 15

Correct: 18

The prescriptive model assumes the decision maker possesses certain information and is aware of their preferences and constraints before beginning the decision-making process. What other assumptions does the prescriptive make? • Decisions are able to be completely rational • All answer choices are correct • All relevant information is present, clear and constant preferences • No time constraints and unlimited information processing

Correct: All answer choices are correct

As employees progress in organizations from non-managerial positions to higher roles, which of the following occurs: • They get paid not for what they specifically do but rather what they get done through others • All of the answer choices are correct • Their technical skills become relatively less important • Their conceptual and human skills begin to take priority over technical skills

Correct: All of the answer choices are correct

Negotiators using a highball (or lowball) tactic start with a ridiculously high (or low) opening offer that they know they will never receive. The theory is that the extreme offer will cause the other party to reevaluate his/her own opening offer and make less demanding offers in return. Highball (or lowball) tactics are an example of what type of heuristic in decision-making? • The availability bias • Confirmation bias • Anchoring • Overconfidence bias

Correct: Anchoring

When a team leader evaluates the performance of all team members as "average," the possibility for ________ error in the performance appraisal is quite high. • personal bias • recency • halo • central tendance

Correct: Central Tendance

Rather than assuming that there is one 'best' or universal way to manage people in organizations, which approach do researchers use to try to identify how different situations can be best understood and handled? • Emotional intelligence • Scientific • Laboratory study • Industrial engineering • Contingency

Correct: Contingency

Process theories are focused on how behavior is driven by individual's cognitions and calculations they perform when choosing to engage in a behavior. The most popular process theories of motivation are: • Maslow's Heirarchy of Needs • Expectancy, equity, reinforcement, and goal-setting theory • Alderfer, Herzberg, and McClelland's theories

Correct: Expectancy, equity, reinforcement, and goal-setting theory

According to Hofstede's framework of national culture, uncertainty avoidance reflects the degree to which people are likely to respect hierarchy and rank in organizations. • True • False

Correct: False

If everyone using the same equipment performs poorly, the tendency is to attribute any one person's poor performance to internal causes; but if other people using the equipment perform well while one person performs poorly, the tendency is to attribute that individual's poor performance to external causes. • True • False

Correct: False

Organizational behavior is an interdisciplinary body of knowledge with strong ties to psychology, sociology, criminal justice, and anthropology. • True • False

Correct: False

Selective screening occurs only through conscious awareness. • True • False

Correct: False

The 'Big Five' personality traits include extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, and creativity. • True • False

Correct: False

Which form of performance assessment is an example of the comparative approach? • Graphic rating scale • Critical incident diary • BARS • Forced distribution

Correct: Forced distribution

What is a possible disadvantage of choosing to make a decision by the team rather than by the individual method? • People are better informed about the reason for the decision • It won't ever result in a high-quality decision • It takes too long to reach a decision • More information is used to make the decision

Correct: It takes too long to reach a decision

When your manager increases your job content by giving you more responsibility for planning and evaluating duties, which job design approach is being used? • Job enlargement • Process reengineering • Job simplification • Job rotation • Job enrichment

Correct: Job enrichment

In considering the congruence model, an organization's goal is to have alignment between: • Leadership, strategy, formal organization, and informal organization • Leadership, workforce diversity, formal organization, and informal organization • Leadership, strategy, inclusion, and constructive culture • Leadership, workforce diversity, inclusion, and constructive culture

Correct: Leadership, strategy, formal organization, and informal organization

The result of a broken psychological contract from an employee's perspective is: • Limited promotion and development opportunities • Lower productivity or employee turnover • All of the answer choices are correct

Correct: Limited promotion and development opportunities

Which of the following is a direct application of goal setting theory? • Management by Objectives (MBO) • Merit pay, profit sharing, or employee stock ownership • Job rotation, enlargement, or enrichment

Correct: Management by Objectives (MBO)

__________ are simplified views of reality that attempt to explain real-world phenomena. • Reproductions • Models • Theories • Scientific methods • Incubators

Correct: Models

Which of the following statements about locus of control is correct? • Many managerial and professional jobs require behavior that is consistent with an external locus of control. • People with an internal locus of control tend to perform better on tasks requiring complex information processing and learning. • People with an external locus of control tend to be more introverted. • People with an external locus of control are more oriented toward their own feelings. • People with an internal locus of control tend to be more extroverted.

Correct: People with an internal locus of control tend to perform better on tasks requiring complex information processing and learning.

______ and ______ are two critical factors that must be examined to determine the scientific support for the use of any assessment instrument (personality, aptitude, or interest). • Consistency and validity • Reliability and validity • Reliability and metrics

Correct: Reliability and validity

Adam is considered to be an excellent production manager. However, he tends to give attention only to those aspects of the organization that affect his production operation and to not notice the concerns of other departments. From a perceptual perspective, Adam is guilty of which perceptual distortion? • Statutory effect. • Contrast error • Discernment error • Halo effect • Selective perception

Correct: Selective perception

In equity theory, the _________ is a key issue. • Social comparison of rewards • Absolute value of rewards • Equality of rewards • Equality of efforts

Correct: Social comparison of rewards

Which of the following statements provides an inaccurate description of people with high self-esteem? • They see themselves as capable, worthwhile, and acceptable. • They seldom experience a boost in job performance. • They may be overconfident at times. • They tend to have few doubts about themselves. • When under pressure, they may become boastful and act egotistically.

Correct: They seldom experience a boost in job performance.

ERG theory states that a lower-level need can be activated when a higher-level need cannot be satisfied. • True • False

Correct: True

Halo effects are particularly important in the performance appraisal process because they can influence a manger's evaluations of subordinates' work performance. • True • False

Correct: True

Job enlargement is designed to increase job breadth by having the worker perform more and different tasks, but all at the same level of responsibility and challenge. • True • False

Correct: True

Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory identifies five levels of individual needs, ranging from physiological needs at the lowest level, through safety, social, and esteem needs, and finally to self-actualization needs at the highest level. • True • False

Correct: True

Programmed decisions are made as standardized responses to recurring situations and routine problems. • True • False

Correct: True

The physical, social, and organizational context of the perceptual setting can influence the perceptual process. • True • False

Correct: True

Mike has always been driven by the need to work more efficiently, solve problems, and master complex tasks. According to McClelland, Mike is classified as driven by a need for: • safety. • achievement. • affiliation. • power. • none of the above.

Correct: achievement

According to McClelland, a person high in need achievement will be motivated by _______. • control and influence over other people • challenging but achievable goals • teamwork and collective responsibility • status of being an executive

Correct: challenging but achievable goals

The degree to which the culture respects and values diversity and is open to anyone who can perform a job, regardless of their diversity attributes, is known as: • multiculturalism. • constructive culture. • cultural sensitivity. • inclusion. • workforce diversity.

Correct: inclusion

In Vroom's decision-making model, the choice among individual and team decision approaches is based on criteria that include quality requirements, availability of information, and _______ • position power of the leader • need for implementation commitments • size of the organization • number of people involved

Correct: need for implementation commitments

A job's motivating potential score can be raised through all of the following methods EXCEPT: • employing vertical loading to create more planning opportunities. • opening feedback channels to enable workers to know how well they are doing. • establishing client relationships to enable employees to experience feedback directly from customers. • employing vertical loading to create more controlling responsibilities. • reducing tasks to create smaller jobs.

Correct: reducing tasks to create smaller jobs.

An example of the application of the __________ is the team leader who selects a new member not because of any special qualities of the person, but only because the individual comes from a department known to have produced high performers in the past. • representativeness heuristic • productiveness heuristic • accessibility heuristic • anchoring and adjustment heuristic • suitability heuristic

Correct: representativeness heuristic

Conscientiousness is a 'Big Five' personality dimension that involves the traits of being __________. • imaginative, curious, and broad-minded • outgoing, sociable, and assertive • good-natured, trusting, and cooperative • unworried, secure, and relaxed • responsible, dependable, and persistent

Correct: responsible, dependable, and persistent