Management Exam #1

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In the years since​ 2006, the lowest job satisfaction ratings in the United States could be seen in which​ year?

2010

According to the​ text, a study on Twitter postings indicated that mood is lowest at what time of​ day?

4 A.M.

According to the​ text, what percentage of Canadian organizations offer flexible​ benefits?

60 percent

Which of the following is an example of an externally caused​ behavior? - A student misses class because she just​ didn't feel like going. - A student is late to class because he got a flat tire on the way to school. - A student is late to class because he chose to walk instead of riding the bus. - A student is late to class because she stayed up too late and overslept. - A student misses class because he chose to hang out with friends instead.

A student is late to class because he got a flat tire on the way to school.

What are the three components of an​ attitude?

Affective, behavioral, and cognitive

Perceived organizational support would increase for an employee under which of the following​ scenarios? - An employer had several healthcare provider changes in a short period of time to help save money. - An employer increased paid holidays by 1 day for everyone in the organization. - An employer reached out with additional support during a personal tragedy. - An employer decreased supervision. - An employer held weekly meetings.

An employer reached out with additional support during a personal tragedy

What is an​ emotion?

An intense feeling directed at someone or something.

Why would OB scholars avoid general concept statements such as stating everyone wants an interesting​ job?

Because individual desires are contingent on situational conditions.

According to the​ text, what is one reason that job satisfaction leads to increases in organizational citizenship​ behavior?

Because job satisfaction leads to more trust.

Although EIP programs must conform to cultural​ differences, and not all countries value employee​ involvement, the text points out that​ _____________has a mix of both traditional workers who show few benefits from participative decision making and some workers who are beginning to value that participation.

China

An example of a country in which perceived organizational support is not as important because of high power distance would be​ _____________.

China

Which of the following statements is true regarding the effect that the size of the group has on the performance of the​ group? - Larger groups are more productive than smaller groups. - The size of the group does not affect the​ group's overall behavior. - Compared to smaller​ groups, larger groups are better at fact finding. - If the goal of the group is​ fact-finding, then smaller groups are more effective than larger groups. - Evidence indicates that larger groups are faster at completing tasks than smaller ones.

Compared to smaller​ groups, larger groups are better at fact finding.

Which government agency is responsible for enforcing employment discrimination​ laws?

EEOC

Pending legislation against discrimination based on sexual orientation is abbreviated as​ _________.

ENDA

What is the study of organizational behavior specifically concerned​ with?

Employment-related situations

​"The older you​ get, the more likely you are to leave your​ job." Is this statement true or​ false, and​ why?

False. Older people with longer tenure tend to have higher​ wages, longer paid​ vacations, and more attractive pensions.

Which early theory reviewed the concepts of satisfaction and​ dissatisfaction?

Herzberg's two factor theory

What is one impact of status on​ norms?

High-status individuals may receive more freedom than other group members to deviate from norms.

Which of the following is NOT a dimension of intellectual​ ability? - memory - inductive reasoning - verbal comprehension - number aptitude - IQ

IQ

Which impact of the 2008 recession is directly related to​ OB?

Increases in layoffs and job losses

Which of the following is a core topic in organizational​ behavior? - Interpersonal communication - Statistical analysis - Production processes - Capacity issues - Quality improvement techniques

Interpersonal communication

Which of the following is true of job​ rotation? - It decreases employee motivation. - It decreases training costs. - It decreases the flexibility in scheduling work. - It increases employee boredom. - It decreases productivity in the short run.

It decreases productivity in the short run

Which researcher found that attitudes follow​ behavior, rather than behavior following​ attitudes?

Leon Festinger

The Dark Triad includes​ __________________.

Machiavellianism, psychopathy, and narcissism

According to the​ text, which country is highest in power​ distance?

Malaysia

What is the most widely used personality assessment in the​ world?

Myers-Briggs Type Indicator

Which of the following statements is true of​ perception? - Perception of reality is not influenced by a​ person's motives. - Perception of reality is independent of existing attitudes toward that reality. - Perception is influenced by past experiences. - Interviews. - Perception of reality is the same as reality itself.

Perception of reality is independent of existing attitudes toward that reality.

Which of the following is true regarding emotions and decision​ making? - Negative emotions enhance​ problem-solving skills. - Positive emotions enhance​ problem-solving skills. - Depressed people process information faster. - Depressed people make less accurate judgments. - Positive emotions detract from​ problem-solving skills.

Positive emotions enhance​ problem-solving skills.

Which of the following is a​ decision-making model that assumes that the decision maker has complete​ information, is able to identify all the relevant options in an unbiased​ manner, and chooses the option with the highest​ utility? - Perceptive​ decision-making model - Rational​ decision-making model - Ideal​ decision-making model - Attribution​ decision-making model - Integrative​ decision-making model

Rational​ decision-making model

In the area of decision​ making, what does satisficing​ involve?

Seeking a solution that is sufficient.

Which group leader activity would most likely ensure that diversity helps rather than hinders a​ group? - Micromanaging in order to make sure that everyone completes assigned tasks. - Composing the group of people of varying intelligence levels. - Showing how members have a common interest in the​ group's success. - Composing the group of people who prefer to work alone rather than in teams. - Minimizing the diversity in order to minimize conflicts.

Showing how members have a common interest in the​ group's success.

According to a global study of job satisfaction​ levels, where does the United States rank in terms of satisfied​ workers?

The United States is near the top of the list.

With regards to the​ problem-solving and learning abilities of men and​ women, which statement is most likely​ true? - Women score higher than men. - There are no consistent differences between men and women. - Men score higher than women. - Research studies have been inconclusive. - This concept has not been scientifically analyzed.

There are no consistent differences between men and women.

Which of the following is true of contingency​ variables? - They refer to a code of ethics that is applicable to all people and all businesses. - They refer to the set of choices that are available for any decision. - They refer to situational conditions that impact the relationship between two or more variables. - They remain constant in every situation. - They are not an important element of OB.

They refer to situational conditions that impact the relationship between two or more variables

Which of the following is a true statement about people with proactive​ personalities? - They react passively to situations. - They tend to have a grandiose sense of​ self-importance, require excessive​ admiration, have a sense of​ entitlement, and are arrogant. - They are​ pragmatic, maintain emotional​ distance, and believe ends can justify means. - They are content with following directions and allowing others to lead. - They take the initiative to improve their current circumstances or create new ones.

They take the initiative to improve their current circumstances or create new ones.

Relational job design focuses on what additional component in the design of​ jobs?

Those who are affected by the employee's job

What is the goal of organizational​ behavior?

To understand and predict human behavior in organizations

When does role conflict​ occur?

When compliance with one role requirement may make it difficult to comply with another.

Which of the following is the intelligence test most widely used in hiring decisions that requires only 12 minutes to​ complete?

Wonderlic Cognitive Ability Test

​________________ is defined as an​ individual's current capacity to perform the various tasks in a job.

ability

According to the​ text, Thailand emphasizes​ ______________.

accepting situations as they are

You would use a group rather than an individual for a project when​ ______________.

accuracy is important

​__________________ is a generic term that covers a broad range of feelings that people experience.

affect

​____________ describes the varying levels of strength with which people experience the same emotion.

affect intensity

Which theory demonstrates that employees react emotionally to things that happen to them at​ work, and this reaction influences their job performance and​ satisfaction?

affective events theory

What percentage of U.S. managers allow workers to​ telecommute?

almost 50 percent

positive organizational scholarship

an area of OB research that studies how organizations develop human strengths, foster vitality and resilience, and unlock potential

intuition

an effortless, immediate, automatic feeling or thought, as contrasted with explicit, conscious reasoning; "gut feelings"

An example of an informal group would be​ _____________.

an employee group that regularly works out together

According to the​ Myers-Briggs Type Indicator​ (MBTI), an ESTJ would be​ ______________

analytical

Which behavioral science studies societies in order to learn about people and their​ activities?

anthropology

According to the​ text, all of the following have an effect on mood EXCEPT which of the​ following? - exercise - stress - appetite - sleep pattern - day of the week

appetite

Within the U.S.​ workforce, the​ 55-and-older age group will increase to what percentage of the labor force by the year​ 2020?

approximately 25 percent

Women who succeed in traditionally male domains are typically perceived​ ______________.

as less​ likable, more​ hostile, and less desirable as supervisors than men

The rational​ decision-making model includes all of the following EXCEPT​ ____________. - identifying the decision criteria - assigning a dollar value to each alternative. - evaluating the alternatives - defining the problem - allocating weights to the criteria

assigning a dollar value to each alternative.

The heredity argument for personality explains personality as​ _______________.

based on genetic make up

Which of the following is one of the three primary components of​ attitude? - perception - effect - intellectual - behavior - emotion

behavior

Which of the following represents a pay plan that rewards workers for recent rather than past​ performance? - bonuses - piece-rate - merit-based pay - skill-based pay - profit sharing

bonuses

Systematic study involves looking at​ _______________.

casual relationships

Which one of the following is a component of situation​ strength? - consensus - congeniality - clarity - cohesion - camaraderie

clarity

A discrepancy between attitude and behavior is known as​ _____________.

cognitive dissonance

According to​ ___________ theory, extrinsic rewards reduce intrinsic interest in a task.

cognitive evaluation

One weakness of group decision making is​ ______________.

conformity pressures

According to the​ text, what might affect escalation of​ commitment?

conscientiousness

Which of the Big Five Model dimensions is a measure of​ reliability?

conscientiousness

Researchers have analyzed situation strength in all of the following elements EXCEPT​ ______________. - consequences - controllability - constraints - clarity - consistency

controllability

Minzberg's managerial roles include all of the following EXCEPT​ ___________. - disseminator - controller - leader - resource allocator - monitor

controller

Ideas which are considered to be both novel and useful by stakeholders are considered​ ______________.

creative outcomes

According to the​ text, an employee who does not identify with their organization may experience​ ________________.

decreased satisfaction

What is the first step in the rational​ decision-making model?

defining the problem

Which of the following is NOT a dimension of the job characteristics​ model? - skill variety - dependence - task identity - feedback - task significance

dependence

Which one of the following is a benefit to group decision​ making? - minimal need for buy in - saving time - depth of input - less extensive analysis - similar backgrounds

depth of input

​Historically, emotions in the workplace were thought to be​ _______________.

detrimental

Which term refers to voluntary actions that defy major organizational norms and threaten the​ organization's well-being?

deviant behavior

Quality of effort speaks to what component of​ motivation?

direction

Individuals in a negative mood are better able to​ _________________ than those in a positive mood.

discern truthful information

Which of the following is a contributing factor with regard to social​ loafing? - Dispersion of responsibility - Close monitoring of individual efforts by managers - Severe time constraints - Heavy workload - Difficult task assignments

dispersion of responsibility

With regards to attribution​ theory, _______________ refers to whether an individual displays different behaviors in different situations.

distinctiveness

Attribution theory tries to explain the ways we judge people​ differently, depending on the meaning we attribute to a behavior. It depends largely on​ _________, _________, and​ ________.

distinctiveness, consistency, consensus

Which of the following is a resource allocation​ norm? - socialization outside of work - distribution of pay - how to dress - how to do the job - with whom to eat lunch

distribution of pay

Which element of equity theory is concerned with the fairness of the​ outcomes, such as the pay and recognition that employees​ receive?

distributive justice

Faultlines could be a problem in​ _____________ groups.

diverse

Which of the following is an appearance​ norm? - dress code - whether dating outside of work is okay - how many overtime hours to complete - tardiness - how hard to work

dress code

Data analytics are used for all of the following reasons​ EXCEPT__________. - eliminating volatility - protection against​ cyber-attacks - detecting risk - customer analysis - prediction

eliminating volatility

Research has indicated that​ ___________ is critical to rational thinking.

emotion

Jose was completely frustrated at work today because something he said to a coworker was taken completely out of context. In​ fact, before he could go into his​ supervisor's office he had to take a minute to calm himself down. This is an example of​ _________________.

emotion regulation

The disparity that exists when an employee must project one emotion while actually feeling another is called​ _________________.

emotional dissonance

Which term refers to a​ person's ability to perceive emotions in the self and​ others, understand the meaning of these​ emotions, and regulate​ one's emotions​ accordingly?

emotional intelligence

​_______________ is defined as an​ employee's expression of organizationally desired emotions during interpersonal transactions at work.

emotional labor

Which of the following is defined as an​ individual's involvement​ with, satisfaction​ with, and enthusiasm for the work he or she​ does? - job satisfaction - organizational culture - employee engagement - psychological empowerment - organizational commitment

employee engagement

Which term refers to a participative process that uses the input of employees to enhance employee commitment to a​ firm's success?

employee involvement

A program to formally recognize employee contributions to the organization and therefore promote specific behaviors is known as​ a(n) ________________.

employee recognition program

A football player on a 2 million dollar contract who refuses to show up to training camp because another similar football player has a contract for more money is an example of​ ________________.

equity theory

Antonio had spent weeks developing a presentation that outlined his marketing plan for the new product and he was ready to present his ideas to the board. Several of his fellow coworkers who had reviewed the presentation had tried to point out that one of​ Antonio's assumptions was​ incorrect, leading to an incorrect​ conclusion, but Antonio was confident he had all the correct information and refused to make the correction. This is an example of​ ______________.

escalation of commitment

Diversity management programs should include which populations of​ people?

everyone

Covert forms of discrimination would include​ _______________.

exclusion

Flexible benefits are consistent with what motivational​ theory?

expectancy theory

The foundation of an integrated model of motivation which combines many contemporary theories of motivation is​ ___________.

expectancy theory

Which theory argues that the strength of our tendency to act a certain way depends on the strength of our expectation of a given outcome and its​ attractiveness?

expectancy theory

Role​ ___________ is the way others believe you should act in a given context.

expectation

Research has shown that workers who experience sexual harassment in the workplace​ ____________.

experience lower levels of organizational commitment and job satisfaction

In order for a recognition program to work they must be​ _____________.

fair

Studies suggest that moral judgments are based on​ ___________ rather than​ __________.

feelings; cognition

Individualized rewards that allow each employee to choose the compensation package that best satisfies his or her current needs and situation are called​ ___________.

flexible benefit plans

Most research relating to race and ethnicity has​ ___________.

focused on differences in outcomes between Whites and African Americans

In the​ three-stage model of​ creativity, creative behavior occurs in how many​ steps?

four

​Today's workforce is​ ______________.

gender balanced

Global research has indicated that employee job satisfaction is increased when managers and leaders exhibit all of the following behaviors​ EXCEPT____________. - attentiveness - empowerment - generosity - support - responsiveness

generosity

Which of the following is NOT among the early theories of​ motivation? - hierarchy of needs - theory x and theory y - two-factor theory - goal-setting theory - theory of needs

goal-setting theory

The three levels of analysis presented in the OB model are​ individual, organizational, and​ __________.

group

The quality and quantity of a​ group's work output is known as​ _______________.

group functioning

In a​ group, _____________ occurs when individuals are pressured to conform to the group​ desires, thus squashing critical or differing perspectives.

groupthink

Intuition can best be described​ as____________________.

gut feelings

The​ punctuated-equilibrium model addresses groups who​ ______________.

have specific deadlines

According to attribution​ theory, if a behavior is​ __________________, we tend to attribute it to internal causes.

high on consistency

According to​ McClelland, high achievers are strongly motivated when jobs have​ _______________.

high personal​ responsibility, high​ feedback, and intermediate risk

Stereotype threats within the workplace can​ cause______________ .

higher absenteeism

Higher job engagement is linked to​ _______________.

higher employee engagement

Antoinette is South African. According to​ Hofstede's cultural​ values, Antoinette is likely to be​ ______________________.

higher in feminine than masculine

The affective component of attitude is best represented​ by______________.

how you feel about the situation

Emotion regulation is best described as​ _____________________.

identifying and modifying the emotions that you feel

The fact that most people believe that weather impacts​ mood, despite evidence that suggests weather and mood are not​ connected, is an example of​ what?

illusory correlation

Disrespectful and aggressive behavior toward others and ignoring the opinions of others falls under which form of​ discrimination?

incivility

All of the following are outcomes of job satisfaction EXCEPT​ _____________. - customer satisfaction - life satisfaction - job performance - increased communication - organizational citizenship behavior

increased communication

Engagement in decision making within an organization can lead to​ _____________.

increased productivity

levels of analysis in OB

individual, group, organizational

In the​ punctuated-equilibrium model, what action occurs immediately after the first meeting of the​ group, which sets the​ direction?

inertia and slower progress

The three types of variables in the OB model are​ ___________, ____________, and​ __________.

inputs, processes, and outcomes

Which of the following is NOT one of the nine basic physical​ abilities? - trunk strength - dynamic flexibility - extent flexibility - explosive strength - intellectual strength

intellectual strength

Which of the following would NOT be considered a personality​ trait? - aggression - intelligence - ambition - timidness - loyalty

intelligence

Danyell had been trying to lose weight for several months without much result. Although she had changed some of her eating habits and hit the gym when she​ didn't feel too tired or she had​ time, it seems that she​ wasn't really getting anywhere. This example speaks to what component of​ motivation?

intensity

When we rank an​ individual's values in order of their​ ___________, we obtain the​ person's value system.

intensity

The process of setting an initial pay level requires an organization to balance​ what?

internal and external equity

​_____________ caused behaviors are those an observer believes to be under the personal behavioral control of another individual.

internally

Overt threats of bullying directed at members of specific employee groups fall under what type of​ discrimination?

intimidation

According to the​ Myers-Briggs Type Indicator​ (MBTI), what type of people rely on unconscious processes and look at the​ "big picture"?

intuitive

The six universal emotions agreed upon by many researchers includes all of the following EXCEPT​ ___________. - surprise - jealousy - disgust - fear - anger

jealousy

The most important element of job satisfaction is​ ______________.

job condition

The investment of an​ employee's emotional,​ physical, and cognitive energy into a job is known as​ ______________.

job engagement

The periodic shifting of an employee from one task to another with similar skill requirements at the same organizational level is defined as​ ________.

job rotation

Which of the following is defined as a positive feeling about a​ job, resulting from an evaluation of its​ characteristics? - job satisfaction - job involvement - perceived organizational support - organizational commitment - psychological empowerment

job satisfaction

Two or more employees who split the responsibilities of a single job are participating in what alternative work​ arrangement?

job sharing

Which of the following is the distinct characteristic of participative management​ programs? - Large increases in employee productivity - Autocratic decision making - Large increases in job satisfaction - Joint decision making - Representative participation

joint decision making

According to the​ Myers-Briggs Type Indicator​ (MBTI), which type of people want control and prefer order and​ structure?

judging

Job​ satisfaction, according to research conducted in​ Europe, is positively associated with​ what?

life satisfaction

The Big 5 model includes all of the following traits EXCEPT​ ____________. - emotional stability - openness to experience - agreeableness - logic - extraversion

logic

systematic study

looking at relationships, attempting to attribute causes and effects, and drawing conclusions based on scientific evidence

A person who has​ a(n) _____________________ tends to dislike​ themselves, question their​ capabilities, and view themselves as powerless over their environment.

low core self-evaluation

If cohesiveness is high and performance norms are​ low, groups tend to have​ __________.

low productivity

Which type of response involves passively but optimistically waiting for conditions to​ improve, including speaking up for the organization in the face of external criticism and trusting the organization and its management to​ "do the right​ thing"?

loyalty

Cascading objectives are the focus of which motivational​ theory?

management by objectives

Which of the following is NOT a critical issue for which OB seeks to provide meaningful​ insights? - Responding to economic pressures - Managing workforce diversity - Improving customer service - Responding to globalization - Maximizing profitability

maximizing profitability

A limitation of being tied to subjective performance appraisals would correspond with what type of variable pay​ program?

merit based pay

The relationship between corporate social responsibility​ (CSR) and job satisfaction is particularly strong for which​ generation?

millennials

What has been shown to increase our ability to shape our​ responses, both behavioral and​ emotional?

mindfulness

The research evidence on employee involvement programs has shown what level of​ support?

mixed

When cohesiveness is low and performance norms are​ high, groups tend to have​ __________.

moderate productivity

Which of the following primarily accounts for an​ individual's intensity,​ direction, and persistence of effort toward attaining a​ goal? - perception - persistence - personality - motivation - management

motivation

Which of the following represents the acceptable standards of behavior within a group that are shared by the​ group's members? - norms - goals - roles - conflicts - status

norms

Ethics and creativity are​ _________________.

not correlated at all

Systematic study focuses on the belief that behavior is​ _____________.

not random

To discriminate is to​ _____________.

note a difference between things

John​ Holland's personalitydash-job fit theory presents six personality types. Which of the following is NOT one of these six​ types? - optimistic - enterprising - social - realistic - artistic

optimistic

According to an integrated motivational theory​ model, rewards play a part in​ _____________.

organizational justice

Role perception is best defined as​ __________________.

our view of how we are supposed to act in a given situation

The OB model presented in the chapter defines the field of OB and stakes out its​ ____________.

parameters, concepts, and relationships

Based on affective events​ theory, employees​ should_____________.

pay attention to emotion

​____________ is a process by which individuals organize and interpret sensory impressions in order to give meaning to their environment.

perception

The GLOBE framework uses some of the same dimensions as the Hofstede cultural values​ inventory, but added others. One additional dimension in the GLOBE that is not in the Hofstede values is​ _______________

performance orientation

Roxanne was training for a race and having difficulty on one of the rope climbs.​ Nonetheless, she kept working at every single​ day, not missing one​ day, until race day when she finally scaled the rope to the top. This example speaks to​ Roxanne's __________________.

persistence

Which dimension of motivation measures how long a person can maintain​ effort? - intensity - experience - direction - persistence - personality

persistence

The dimensions of fit include all of the following EXCEPT​ ____________. - person-supervisor - person-organization - person-group - person-values - person-job

person-values

Which of the following is NOT an example of a biographical​ characteristic? - disability - length of service - personality - age - gender

personality

Which term refers to the dynamic organization within the individual of those psychophysical systems that determine their unique adjustments to their​ environment? - heredity - thought processes - talent - environmental adaptation - personality

personality

Which variable pay plan has been historically popular as a way to compensate production workers by paying a fixed sum for each unit of production​ completed?

piece-rate

​_________________ studies how organizations develop human​ strengths, foster vitality and​ resilience, and unlock potential.

positive organizational scholarship

Two causes of creative behavior are​ ______________ and​ ______________.

potential; environment

Which of the following is a discrepancy that exists between the current state of affairs and some desired​ state, requiring us to consider alternative courses of​ action? - decision - perception - problem - stalemate - challenge

problem

Based on evidence cited in the​ chapter, with which job aspect are people LEAST​ satisfied? - coworkers - supervision - promotion opportunities - the work itself - pay

promotion opportunities

Which discipline has contributed to OB principally at the micro​ level?

psychology

disciplines that contribute to OB

psychology, social psychology, sociology, anthropology

Cultural identity is based on​ ________________.

race and ethnicity

According to​ Festinger, which of the following would most likely reduce the discomfort of cognitive​ dissonance? - Focusing on other things where you have no cognitive dissonance - Receiving high rewards - Earning low rewards - Watching other people do the same thing - Developing a tolerance

receiving high rewards

The relationship between moods and job attitudes is​ _____________.

reciprocal

One survey found that the most powerful workplace motivator is​ _____________.

recognition

When it comes to​ diversity, it is important that managers​ _____________.

recognize and capitalize on differences

Deep level diversity traits would include which of the​ following? - hair color - race - sex - religion - age

religion

A manager who is likely to make a conservative decision would be constrained by​ ____________.

reward systems

Which of the following refers to expected behavior patterns attributed to someone holding a particular position in a​ group? - conformity - status - norm - deviant behavior - role

role

Which need in​ Maslow's hierarchy refers to security and protection from physical and emotional​ harm?

safety

​High-scoring emotional intelligence employees outperform​ low-scoring emotional intelligence employees in which of the following​ tasks? - finance - project management - sales - accounting - IT programming

sales

Juan was ready to purchase a new car and was excited by the prospect. To prepare for this​ event, Juan went to the bank to be​ pre-approved for a​ loan, visited local dealerships to look at cars and​ prices, narrowed down the cars he​ liked, and then purchased the one that had the lowest price. This would be an example of​ _______________.

satisficing

Which of the following is used in systematic study to determine cause and effect​ relationships? - instinct - scientific evidence - deductive reasoning - perception - intuition

scientific evidence

Which of the following needs in​ Maslow's hierarchy refers to the drive to become what one is capable of​ becoming? - self-actualization - physiological - safety - esteem - social

self-actualization

Paola was a new manager working on a compensation plan for her salespeople. She had taken several organizational behavior classes during college and knew that although extrinsic rewards often​ motivate, some caution needs to be used. This notion of intrinsic vs. extrinsic motivators is exampled in what motivational​ theory?

self-determination

The theory concerned with the possible benefits of intrinsic motivation vs. the possible harmful effects of external motivation is​ ______________.

self-determination

Which theory suggests that individuals prefer feeling in control of their actions and that anything that makes an enjoyable task feel like an obligation undermines​ motivation?

self-determination theory

Li lives and works in Beijing and has been asked to​ self-rate his personality on a personality test. Given​ Li's culture, it is likely that Li will​ ________________.

self-diminish

Which theory refers to an​ individual's belief in being capable of performing a​ task?

self-efficacy theory

Which of the following is the most common means of measuring​ personality? - behavioral observation - self-reporting surveys - interviews - projective tests - likert scales

self-reporting surveys

Antoinette was a new supervisor at work and wanted to try and be the best inspirational leader that she could be. Toward that​ end, Antoinette should focus on​ ________________.

sharing positive emotions

A single question used to measure job satisfaction would be considered which type of measurement​ approach?

single global rating

contingency variables

situational factors are variables that moderate the relationship between two or more variables

Which term refers to the degree that a job requires different activities using specialized abilities and​ talents?

skill variety

Emotional investment in a​ group's accomplishments is also known as​ __________.

social identity theory

Which of the following is the tendency for individuals to expend less effort when working collectively than​ alone? - group slacking - social laziness - group loafing - social slacking - social loafing

social loafing

Which of the following is NOT an example of workplace​ deviance? - socializing with coworkers - substance abuse - unionization attempts - tardiness - workplace theft

socializing with coworkers

The study of people in relation to either their culture or social environment falls under which of the behavioral​ sciences?

sociology

Emotional intelligence and job performance are​ ________________.

somewhat correlated

Becky was tired of all the angry customers calling in because of power outages that were not her fault. Her supervisor reminded her that since she had a performance evaluation coming​ up, she needed to be sure to keep a positive tone on her calls because they were being monitored.​ Becky's positive attitude may be an example of​ what? - attribution - emotional upheaval - surface acting - supervisory domination - inadequate training

surface acting

​____________________ includes looking at​ relationships, attempting to attribute causes and​ effects, and basing our conclusions on scientific evidence—that ​is, on data gathered under controlled​ conditions, and measured and interpreted in a rigorous manner.

systematic study

Roberto has been tasked with reviewing the core dimensions of each job within his large automotive repair department. Several of the jobs in​ Roberto's department require employees to completely tear down and put back together an entire engine. This job speaks to which component of the Job Characteristics Model​ (JCM)?

task identity

Donelle is a doctor at the local hospital. Based simply on that job​ title, Donelle should score highly on which of the Job Characteristic Model​ (JCM) dimensions?

task significance

Stereotype threat is​ _______________.

the degree to which we internally agree with negative stereotyped perceptions of a group

organizational behavior

the study of what people do in an organization and the way their behavior affects the organization's performance

People are more engaged in their jobs when​ _______________.

the work is meaningful

Aurora was walking down the street when she spotted a mugging taking place. Her perceptions about the mugging might be influenced by all of the following EXCEPT​ _________. - past experiences - attitudes - personality - interests - time of day

time of day

four managerial activities

traditional management, communication, human resource management, networking

Which theory predicts that some​ situations, events, or interventions​ "activate" a trait more than​ others?

trait activation theory

evidence-based management

translating principles based on best evidence into organizational practice, bringing rationality to the decision-making process

To work effectively with people in another culture you must​ __________.

understand their culture and how to adapt your management style

Seven people are marooned on a lifeboat with enough supplies for only six people to reach land. The ethical concept which best supports throwing one person overboard in order to save the other six would be​ _______________.

utilitarianism

​_____________ proposes making decisions solely on the basis of their​ outcomes, ideally to provide the greatest good for the greatest number.

utilitarianism

Which term refers to basic convictions that a specific mode of conduct or​ end-state of existence is personally or socially preferable to an opposite or converse mode of conduct or​ end-state of​ existence?

values

What kind of pay structure bases part of a​ worker's pay on an individual​ and/or organizational performance​ measurement?

variable-pay program

Which of the following elements of​ self-efficacy theory means to become more confident because you see someone else doing the​ task? - self-concordance - enactive mastery - vicarious modeling - verbal persuasion - arousal

vicarious modeling

Which of the following is a constructive behavior that allows individuals to tolerate unpleasant situations or revive satisfactory working​ conditions? - apathy - sabotage - voice - neglect - exit

voice

Which type of response includes actively and constructively attempting to improve​ conditions, including suggesting​ improvements, discussing problems with​ superiors, and undertaking some forms of union​ activity?

voice

Which of the following best characterizes the relationship between job satisfaction and​ absenteeism? - strong positive relationship - no relationship has been found - weak negative relationship - weak positive relationship - strong negative relationship

weak negative relationship

In the​ punctuated-equilibrium model, at what point does a transition take​ place?

when exactly half the time is gone

Individuals who report to outsiders about their​ employer's unethical practices are known as​ _____________.

whistle-blowers

Given the number of employees in the United States who are in​ single-parent homes or are caring for elderly​ parents, which of the following is essential for organizations that want to recruit and retain the most capable and motivated​ employees? - high compensation - work-life balance - workplace diversity - a positive work environment - excellent employee benefits

work-life balance

Which of the following is defined as the concept that organizations are becoming more heterogeneous in terms of​ gender, age,​ race, ethnicity, sexual​ orientation, and inclusion of other diverse​ groups?

workforce diversity


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