MAR 4503 Test 1

Procter & Gamble is a major consumer packaged goods manufacturer. Which age category provides the greatest opportunity for P&G in terms of growth between 2010 and 2020?

60-69

_ have experienced health problems which limit their physical activities, but their positive outlook means they remain active within physical constraints.

Ailing Outgoers

There are several Asian American markets, based primarily on nationality and language. Each of these in turn can be further segmented on

All of these are correct degree of acculturation, social class, generation, lifestyle

Which of the following is considered a symbol that has varying meaning across cultures?

All of these choices are correct colors animals numbers music

Which of the following statements is true regarding African American Internet usage?

All of these choices are correct. O African Americans utilize mobile devices to access social media more than whites. O African Americans are more likely to access the Web for news and information, such as general news, sports, health, and finances than the general population. O African Americans prefer a Black perspective on news and information. O Roughly 87 percent of African American adults are online.

Which of the following is part of the marketing mix?

All of these choices are correct. product price communications distribution

Darren is conducting a market analysis for his business, and he has asked your advice on what he should be analyzing. Which of the following should he consider at this step of marketing strategy development?

All of these choices are correct. the company's own ability to meet customer needs competitors' capabilities and strategies consumers' needs conditions in the market

Which of the following is a reason why more baby boomers continue to work longer than previous generations?

All of these choices are correct. • necessary due to a low income of some baby boomers • necessary due to a poor pension plan due to changes in Social Security increasing the age at which full benefits can be drawn • increased desire to stay active in interesting and rewarding careers

Which of the following is not a critical question for developing marketing communications?

All of these choices are critical questions. Who do we want to communicate with? What effect do we want to have? What message will achieve the desired result? What media should we use?

Which of the following statements is true regarding ethnic subcultures?

All subcultures are very diverse, and general descriptions do not apply to all of the members.

Which culture has traditionally valued the wisdom that comes with age?

Asian

Malcolm is studying subcultures in the United States. He is trying to identify the subculture that has the highest education levels and median household incomes. Which ethnic group meets these criteria?

Asian Americans

Which subculture is the most diverse group, with numerous nationalities, languages, and religions?

Asian Americans

Nick is 23 years old and trying to balance school and work so that he can afford to buy the latest iPhone to keep in touch with his friends. Which African American market segment identified by Yankelovich best describes Nick?

Black Onliners

Theresa is a 40-year-old single parent living in the city. She is confident and positive, and enjoys wearing the latest fashions. Which segment of the African American market identified by Yankelovich best describes Theresa?

Black is Better

Robert is a successful 51 year old, lives in the suburbs, and enjoys reading Jet and Ebony magazines. He drives out of his way to shop exclusively at black-owned businesses. To which segment of the African American market identified by Yankelovich would Robert belong?

Boomer Blacks

Which of the following is true regarding the baby boom market?

Boomers are tech savvy.

Which of the following is the largest multiracial Native American tribe?

Cherokee

Which of the following statements is false regarding youth and age?

Children in all countries have a significant influence on purchases.

In which country is the concept of guanxi, which involves personal relationships, an important consideration?

China

Most Asian Americans come from home cultures influenced by ____ which emphasizes subordination of the son to the father, the younger to the elder, and the wife to the husband.

Confucianism

Which African American market segment identified by Yankelovich is teens living at home, over half raised by a single parent, tech savvy, and brand conscious, especially those brands popular with their culture?

Connected Black Teens

In the United States, promptness is considered a virtue. Americans are expected to be on time to an event, and they expect others to do so as well. Which aspect of culture best explains this behavior?

Culture is acquired, that is, it is learned.

Which generation "invented" rock and roll and grew up with music and television as important parts of their lives?

Depression generation

Talbot's is a women's clothing store that offers classic fashions at a slightly premium price (i.e., a wool skirt typically costs over $100). During the process of market segmentation, Talbot's identified a group of consumers who are larger than average women yet still want stylish clothing. Further research into this segment revealed that these women tend to be between the ages of 35 and 50, are career-oriented, have a household income over $50,000, and are married with children under the age of 18 living at home. This group is also heavy users of magazines and newspapers as well as prime-time television. Which step of market segmentation does this describe?

Describing each group

Companies interested in marketing to the U.S. Latina should strive to do which of the following in reaching this market?

Encourage social media communications.

Sam has learned that a country to which his company desires to expand places a high value on cleanliness and admires nature immensely. Which category of cultural values does this represent?

Environment-oriented

Frank Chen is a Chinese immigrant in his mid-50s and has a Master's degree in Engineering from MIT. He is a conservative professional with no need or desire for native-language programming. He is willing to pay premium prices for high quality products. Which segment of the Asian American market identified by Market Segment Research best describes him?

Established

Shondra is an African American who can't afford to go out after work, so she spends a lot of her free time watching television and visiting her friends. She doesn't use brands to indicate to others her style and identity and tends to be more price sensitive than others. In terms of Yankelovich's segments of African Americans, which one best describes Shondra?

Family Struggles

Jose was born in Mexico and came to the United States in 1975. He still speaks primarily Spanish, has not graduated from high school and works as a day laborer in the agricultural industry in California. He and his family still possess traditional values which include him making all the decisions for his family's welfare. The Pew Hispanic Center would identify Jose as which generation of Hispanic adults?

First-generation adults

This segment of mature consumers has accepted their old-age status and has adiusted their lifestyles to reflect reduced physical capabilities and social roles.

Frail Recluse

The newest generation born in 2010 and later is referred to as

Generation Alpha

Nick was born in 1972. As long as he can remember, his mother worked outside the home. When he was 12, his parents divorced, which was hard on him, but the same thing happened to several of his friends. When both of his parents remarried, his view of a family changed to include all of his stepsisters and stepbrothers. To which generation does he belong?

Generation X

Roger is an adult who has moved back in with his parents. He doesn't believe in sacrificing time, energy, and relations to the extent he sees older workers do for the sake of career or economic advancement. He has a master's degree but does not want to work for a large corporation. To which generation does Roger most likely belong?

Generation X

Which generation is both cynical and sophisticated about products, ads, and shopping?

Generation X

Which generation is not part of the mature market?

Generation X

Which generation was born between 1965 and 1976?

Generation X

Which generation was the first to gain a very broad view of a family, which may include parents, siblings, stepparents, half-siblings, close friends, live-in lovers, and others?

Generation X

Amie was born in 1991. Her mother is a college professor, and her father is an attorney. She's not sure what she wants to do when she grows up, but she knows she will go to college and embark on a career of her own. She was amazed when her grandmother told her that women really couldn't do that when she was young. If a woman did work, choices were usually limited to becoming a teacher, a secretary, or a nurse. Her grandmother told her that she was a secretary, but after she started having children, she left the workforce and stayed home to raise her children, which was common for most women at that time. That concept was totally foreign to Amie. To which generation does she belong?

Generation Y

The children of the original baby boomers are known as

Generation Y

Erin is 12 years old. Which label is appropriate for Erin?

Generation Z

Stephanie is 17 and belongs to the high school drill team. One of her best friends is Bobby, the team manager who is openly gay. Which label is appropriate for Stephanie?

Generation Z

Which of the following statements is true regarding marketing to Asian Americans?

Geographic concentration is aiding marketing efficiency.

Which of the following is a segmentation approach to the mature market that incorporates aging processes and life events related to the physical health and mental outlook of older consumers?

Gerontographics

Juan came from Cuba in the late 1990s and is currently living in Miami, FL. According to the Bureau of the Census, Juan would be classified as a(n)

Hispanic

Target is examining subcultures in the United States and wants to identify the ethnic subculture that has the greatest percentage of children under the age of 18. Which ethnic group meets this criterion?

Hispanic

Which of the following is the largest ethnic subculture in the United States?

Hispanic

Which of the following ethnic groups is predicted to have the youngest median age in the United States in the year 2015?

Hispanics

Which of the following is predicted to be the fastest growing ethnic group in the United States between 2020 and 2040?

Hispanics

Which of the following is not an application of consumer behavior?

Human resource management

While Asian-Indian Americans are diverse in many ways, they do share a number of important cultural traits. Which of the following is not one of these shared traits?

Husbands and wives tend to share an equal role in family decisions.

Which of the following is not a country from which Arab Americans come?

Israel

Which country has the largest percentage of its citizens older than 60 years of age?

Japan

Li Ming is an Asian American of Chinese dissent and is young, has a moderate identification with her native culture, is bilingual, and is spontaneous, materialistic, and an impulsive shopper. She is concerned with status and quality. Which segment of the Asian American market identified by Market Segment Research best describes her?

Living for the moment

Which of the following statements) is/are true about U.S. Hispanic women or Latinas?

More and more Hispanic women are becoming the primary breadwinner in their homes and almost three-fourths of Latinas are enrolled in college only.

_ are the arbitrary meanings a culture assigns actions, events, and things other than words.

Nonverbal communication systems

Which subculture of Hispanics tends to have incomes well above the others?

Puerto Ricans and Cubans

_ is based on the cost of a standard market basket of products bought in each country.

Purchasing Power Parity (PPP)

Which of the following statements is false regarding subcultures in the United States?

Religious groups are the most commonly described subcultures.

Which religion heavily influences the Hispanic culture?

Roman Catholicism

Sam is a healthy 75-year-old man. He is a retired attorney, has a substantial retirement income, and is a member of several social groups that travel, help others, and encourage lifelong learning. Which of the following is most likely true about Sam?

Sam's cognitive age is less than 75.

Canon markets digital cameras and is aware that consumers search for information concerning this product on the Internet using one of the several search engines (e.g. Google). To ensure that Canon appears on the first page of results, this company pays the search engine to become a sponsored link when consumers search the key words "digital camera." This is an illustration of

Search Engine Optimization

Which of the following statements is false regarding information search?

Searching for information is free.

Carlos was born in the United States to immigrant parents. He has a higher income and education than his father, is more likely to identify himself as an American speaks Spanish and English fluently, and is less likely to ascribe to traditional values than his parents. According to the Pew Hispanic Center, to which generation of Hispanic adults does Carlos belong?

Second generation adults

Jimmy is a 55-year-old African American who lives in the suburbs with his family. He is not in good health, and he has not been able to buy health insurance with his limited income. In terms of Yankelovich's segments of African Americans, which one best describes Jimmy?

Sick and Stressed

Mexican Americans tend to live in which region of the United States?

Southwest and California

The different religions in America prescribing differing values and behaviors are known as religious

Subcultures

Which of the following is true regarding the size and distribution of the population of the United States?

The growth has not been even throughout the United States.

Maria's grandparents immigrated from Mexico, but her parents were both born in the United States. She has an MBA and earns the highest income in her family, she identifies herself as an American, speaks English as her primary language, and does not ascribe to the traditional values of her grandparents. In terms of the Pew Hispanic Center's generations of Hispanic adults, to which generation does Maria belong?

Third-generation adults

John is an older, retired Japanese American. He has a strong identification with his Japanese culture, still speaks primarily Japanese and is not concerned about status. Which segment of the Asian American market identified by Market Segment Research best describes John?

Traditionalists

Market Segment Research found three groups of Asian Americans on the basis of their demographics and attitudes that cut across nationality groups. Which of the following is one of the segments identified?

Traditionalists

Which of the following is false regarding trends in the global youth market?

U.S. brands are currently the leaders among global teens.

Which one of these factors is not true regarding glocalization?

Uniformity is always possible.

Which of the following statements is false regarding cross-cultural marketing?

While marketing strategy is heavily influenced by cultural factors, it does not influence aspects of cultures.

Which of the following statements regarding the masculine/feminine value is false?

Women in South Korea frequently participate more in sports and exercise than men.

Sponsorship of ethnic events is

a means of engaging an ethnic subculture in an authentic way.

A family structure with either two or more adult generations, or with both

a multigenerational household

The degree to which an immigrant has adapted to his or her new culture is known as

acculturation

The fact that Americans are prone to engage in physical activities and to take an action-oriented approach to problems can be explained through which self-oriented value dichotomy?

active/passive

John purchases and is satisfied with his SUV because he believes that it provides greater crash safety than a sedan even though this is not technically true. John's satisfaction is based on the distinction between

actual need fulfillment and perceived need fulfillment.

Placing ads in videogames is known as

advergaming

Which of the following is not a common single-item index of social class?

age

A product's position refers to

an image of the product in the consumer's mind relative to competing products

Karl and his wife are considering putting a built-in pool in their backyard. They were discussing who they could get to do it for them, and they realized they knew of five pool contractors in their city. These five pool contractors that they thought of as potential contractors for them represent their

awareness set

John was born in 1955, and he has only known prosperity in his lifetime. He remembers when President Kennedy was assassinated, primarily because his family purchased their first color television not long after that event. While he remembers the Vietnam War, he was too young to be drafted. To which generation does he belong?

baby boom generation

Robert and his wife, Jan, were both born in the 1950s. The last of their three children will graduate from college soon, which is leaving them with increased discretionary income and time. To which generation do Robert and Jan belong?

baby boom generation

The largest, most diverse generational segment is

baby boomers

Compared to the white population, Asian Americans tend to

be higher educated and have a higher household income.

Ben is interested in golf, so he visits several golf-related websites, such as the USGA and the PGA. Unbeknownst to him, his surfing behavior is being tracked, and it's no accident that he receives several banner ads for golf products and destinations. This is called

behavioral targeting

Tacoda Systems tracks consumers online activity and delivers specific banners based on that activity. This tracking and ad delivery system has been installed on almost 3,000 websites, and advertisers pay on a pay-for-performance basis, which means that advertisers pay Tacoda Systems only when a consumer clicks on their ad. The tracking of online activity and delivery of ads based on that activity is called

behavioral targeting

How can an organization provide superior customer value to customers?

by doing a better job of anticipating and reacting to customer needs than the competition does

The upper-middle class achieve their social position primarily

by their occupation and career orientation

Which of the following represents the largest national background of Asian Americans?

chinese

Gertrude is 93 years old, but she perceives herself to be about 65 years old. Sixty-five is Gertrude's _ age.

cognitive age

Maria is analyzing the baby boom generation by describing and explaining its attitudes, values, and behaviors as well as predicting its future attitudes, values, and behaviors. Maria is conducting a _ analysis.

cohort

_ is the process of describing and explaining the attitudes, values, and behaviors of an age group as well as predicting its future attitudes, values, and behaviors.

cohort analysis

Which of the following is not evaluated when analyzing a company's own ability to meet customer needs?

competitors

Harold is tasked with developing the marketing strategy for his family's business. What should he do first?

conduct a market analysis

Jamie is developing a thorough understanding of his company's own capabilities, the capabilities of current and future competitors, the consumption process of potential customers, and the economic, physical, and technological environment in which these elements interact. Which step in the marketing strategy process is Jamie performing?

conducting a market analysis

Which term describes consumers' purchase and use of automobiles, homes, yachts, clothes, and so forth primarily to demonstrate their great wealth?

conspicuous consumption

_ is the study of individuals, groups, or organizations and the processes they use to select, secure, use, and dispose of products, services, experiences, or ideas to satisfy needs and the impacts that these processes have on the consumer and society.

consumer behavior

Experience, familiarity, social status, shopping orientation and product involvement are examples of which factor that influences the expected benefits and perceived costs of search?

consumer characteristics

Timothy and his wife are considering the purchase of a new car. In addition to the price, they are also considering the cost of insurance, gasoline, maintenance, finance charges, and license fees. All of these factors combined represent the

consumer cost

Most economically developed societies are legitimately referred to as _ societies.

consumption

Marketers that wish to expand internationally need to understand a culture's widely held beliefs that affirm what is desirable. To do this, marketers should study

cultural values

Teresa is trying to understand her customers better. She is examining the external influences that shape her customers" self-concepts and lifestyles. Which of the following is a possible external influence Teresa could examine?

culture

Which of the following statements is true regarding culture?

culture is acquired

Which of the following is not a societal outcome of marketing strategy and consumer behavior?

customer satisfaction

Laurie saved for six months to have enough money to buy a new designer outfit to wear to a special party. She had to travel to a larger city to purchase this outfit, but it was worth it to her because it made her feel beautiful and confident. The difference between the benefits Laurie perceived from this purchase and the cost to her to acquire these benefits describes her

customer value

The difference between all the benefits derived from a total product and all the costs of acquiring those benefits is known as

customer value

Dale has to write a research report about Poland in his International Marketing class. One aspell he must learn about the country is its size, structure, and distribution. What does this represent?

demographics

Harriett wants to describe the population of a new market in which her firm wishes to enter. She wants to describe the population in terms of its size, distribution, and structure. Which of the following should she use?

demographics

Which of the following is used to describe a group of consumers with similar needs sets?

demographics, lifestyles, and media usage

Which of the following is not a factor that creates problems in literal translations and slang expressions?

differences in the direction in which written words are read

Which marketing strategy is appropriate if the brand is not part of consumers' evoked sets?

disrupt strategy

Which marketing strategy is appropriate if the brand is not part of the evoked set and the target market engages in nominal decision making?

disrupt strategy

Tony's job entails making sure his company's products get to retailers so that target customers can buy them. Which element of the marketing mix is Tony involved with?'

distribution

_ refers to the physical location of individuals in terms of geographic region and rural, suburban, and urban location.

distribution

The United States is comprised of a culture that accepts a wide array of personal behaviors and attitudes, foods, dress, and other products and services. Thus, the United States values

diversity

Generation Y is sometimes referred to as the

echo boom

___ subcultures are defined as those whose members' unique shared behaviors are based on a common racial, language, or national background.

ethnic

Which of the following are the most commonly described subcultures?

ethnic groups

Charmaine is a member of a junior miss organization that teaches young women how to behave in various social situations. She is learning manners, how to carry herself, and appropriate attire for specific situations. Charmaine is learning

etiquette

MeDonald's sponsors the "Inspiration Celebration Gospel Tour," as part of the corporation's 365 Black Initiative. The gospel tour has raised over $500,000 since 2012 for charity. This marketer is using ___ to reach this market.

event marketing

In Japan, the exchange of meishi is the most basic of social rituals in a nation where social ritual matters very much. The act of exchanging meishi is weighted with meaning. Once the social minuet is completed, the two know where they stand in relation to each other and their respective statures within the hierarchy of corporate or government bureaucracy. What is "meishi"?

exchange business cards

Lane is test driving several models of automobiles to help him decide which one to purchase. Which source of information does this represent?

experiential sources

Trademarks

for the most part need to be established on a country-by-country basis.

Research has shown that most of the online search leading up to a purchase was

generic

The U.S. Census overall projections of ethnic subculture size understate the importance of ethnic groups to specific

geographic regions

Which one of the four segments of world citizens feels positively about international brands, values their symbolic aspects, and is less concerned about corporate responsibility?

global dreamers

The relatively faster growth rate of non-European groups in the United States is due to their

higher birthrates and greater immigration

Carlos is attempting to segment the market for his company's products. Where should he begin?

identify product-related need sets

Which of the following is strongly associated with occupation?

income and education

Which of the following is not a reason why the population of the United States has grown steadily since 1960?

increasing birth rate for most of the period between 1960 and today

Jon needed to purchase new tires for his SUV. He consulted Consumer Reports to see how the various brands were rated. Jon consulted which type of information source?

independent sources

Which of the following is an example of an other-oriented value?

individual/collective

Jake is in the market for a new car. He's looking at brands such as Mercedes, Lexus, and BMW because he feels they tell other people that he's successful in life. This is an illustration of which value?

individualism

Bob and his friends go out every weekend and drink until they get drunk. Then they drive home in that condition. Which type of consumption does this represent?

injurious consumption

James used his birthday money to buy a skateboard so that he can be out with his friends at the park skateboarding. Which type of materialism does this represent?

instrumental

Which type of materialism is the acquisition of things to enable one to do something?

instrumental

If a brand is included in a consumer's evoked set, which marketing strategy is not appropriate?

intercept strategy

_ represents how one lives, including the products one buys, how one uses them, what one thinks about them, and how one feels about them.

lifestyle

Karen was at the checkout at the grocery store and remembered that she was out of chewing gum that she normally likes to keep in her purse. Without much thought, she grabbed two packages of the gum she likes. What type of consumer decision does this illustration?

low-involvement decision

Which social class has low incomes and minimal education, may be unemploved for long periods of time, and is the major recipient of government support and services provided by nonprofit organizations?

lower-lower class

Which of the following is not a way that retailers have responded to the needs of the Hispanic market?

lowering prices on nationally-branded products

Which marketing strategies are appropriate for nominal decision making?

maintenance strategy and disrupt strategy

The number of alternatives, price range, store distribution, and information availability are examples of which factor that influerices the expected benefits and perceived costs of search?

market characteristics

A portion of a larger market whose needs differ somewhat from the larger market is referred to as a(n)

market segment

Smaller women like to purchase fashionable clothes just as much as any women. However, most clothes are not proportioned for their smaller size and do not fit well. As a result, several manufacturers offer "petite" sizes of clothing for this group of consumers. Women who comprise this group have needs that differ somewhat from the total market and represent a

market segment

_ include(s) advertising, the sales force, public relations, packaging, and any other signal that the firm provides about itself and its products.

marketing communications

Stephanie and her husband are considering the purchase of a 52" plasma television. They have visited several manufacturers' websites, looked at the ads in the Sunday newspaper, and have spoken with sales people at several electronics stores. Which source of information are they using?

marketing sources

Thomas wants to gain a usable understanding of consumer behavior in order to help him become a more effective marketing manager. Which application of consumer behavior does this represent?

marketing strategy

What is the largest single influence on the movement toward uniformity in the global youth market?

mass media

Elsie and her two sisters are all in their mid- to late-60s. They are part of the _ market.

mature

Karen is going to the mall to purchase new shoes. Based on her prior experience with Nine West and her positive attitude toward them, she plans on looking at the Nine West store first. Her decision to visit the Nine West store is based on which source of information?

memory

When comparing income levels by education and gender, which of the following is true?

men earn more than women at each level of education

Which social class consists of office workers, school teachers, lower level managers, plumbers, and factory supervisors?

middle class

Ralph is very prompt. If he says he will be there at 10:00 a.m., he will be there exactly at that time. Furthermore, he will not begin another task until he is completely done with the one he is currently working on. Which time perspective does Ralph have?

monochronic

Higher perceived risk is associated with

more reliance on information from personal sources greater reliance on personal experience

What percentage of Arab Americans are U.S. citizens?

more than 80 percent

Barry is looking for a car that is dependable yet stylish enough to let others know that he has achieved a respectable status in his life and career. He also wants it to be a high-performance automobile. Dependability, status, and performance represent Barry's

need set

Jeffrey is a 35-year-old African American who is positive about the future. He describes himself as Black, but feels Black slang should be avoided. To which segment of the African American market identified by Yankelovich would Jeffrey belong?

new middle class

Howard Industries is a computer manufacturer located in Laurel, MS. This company is interested in expanding internationally. Which of the following is a cultural factor that affects consumer behavior and marketing strategy that Howard Industries needs to be aware of?

nonverbal communications

Nicholas is examining how people in India perceive time, space, symbols, relationships, agreements, things, and etiquette. He is interested in these factors because they influence

nonverbal communications

Karen's father is an executive for a major international corporation and has been transferred to various countries over the years. With each move, Karen is enrolled in a new school. Even though English is spoken in the schools she attends, there are students from all over the world whose parents have jobs similar to Karen's father. With each new school, Karen spends the first few weeks merely observing the other students to learn which behaviors are appropriate in specific situations because she's learned that at each school the kids behave differently. Karen is attempting to learn that student body's specific _ regarding behavior.

norms

The boundaries that culture sets on behavior are called

norms

Which of the following is the most widely applied single cue we use to initially evaluate and define individuals we meet?

occupation

In the Hollingshead Index of Social Position, which is true?

occupation is given a higher weight than education

Barry is always searching information about wine. He reads Wine Spectator every month, has several books related to wine, visits wine-related websites frequently, and has visited several wine regions throughout the world. While he purchases wine frequently, he does not conduct this information search for just that reason. He just enjoys learning about wine. For Barry, his search for information about wine is a(n)

ongoing search

Asian societies (i.e., Japan) value collective activity. That is, consumers look toward others for guidance in purchase decisions and do not respond favorably to promotional appeals focusing on individualism. Which category of cultural values does this represent?

other-oriented

Which is not an external influence on consumer behavior?

perception

Friends, family, and others are examples of which source of information?

personal sources

Kate Spade is a brand of clothing, accessories, and home products. Brand managers at this company are trying to learn which internal influences impact their customers' needs and desires most. Which of the following is a possible internal influence these managers should examine?

personality

What are the two major ways time varies between cultures?

perspective and interpretation

Jose is from Brazil and is currently enrolled in an MBA program at a U.S. university. He routinely comes to class 30-60 minutes late and does not turn in assignments by the deadline. One of his professors pulled him aside and asked him why he's always late for class and turns his work in late. Jose was surprised that his professor was bothered by this as this behavior is entirely acceptable in Brazil. In fact, it's expected. Which of the following best describes Jose's time perspective?

polychronic

Rod is surveying consumers to gain a better understanding of his restaurant's image relative to competing restaurants. Rod is concerned with his restaurant's

position

In Germany, one concern retailers have is ensuring that cash drawers have enough money to make change when consumers make purchases. One company went so far as to use a computerized model that monitored the weight of the cash drawer and signaled a need for replenishment. This is such a concern because consumers typically use cash to make purchases, which differs from other countries, such as the United States, where credit card use is more common. Which cultural value does this illustrate?

postponed gratification/immediate gratification

Amy purchased a new 32" LCD high-definition television and paid $400 for it. This amount of money Amy had to pay to obtain this product is known as the

price

What is the first step in the consumer decision process?

problem recognition

A(n) _ is anything a consumer acquires or might acquire to meet a perceived need.

product

Feature and quality variations across brands are referred to as

product differentiation

Which type of subculture arises as a result of climatic conditions, the natural environment and resources, the characteristics of the various immigrant groups that have settled there, and significant social and political events?

regional

Which of the following is an example of a self-oriented value?

religious/secular

Which value has a strong influence on entrepreneurship and economic development as well as new-product acceptance?

risk taking/security

Which value relates to tolerance for ambiguity and uncertainty avoidance?

risk taking/security

Robert is 15 years old and has recently moved to a new town, and therefore, a new high school. He was trying to get accepted by a group of kids that he wanted to be friends with. When they asked him to attend a party over the weekend, he said he'd have to ask his parents for permission. This group of students laughed at him and called him a "momma's boy" and told him he can't be one of them because they don't ask parents for permission, they just do what they want. This social disapproval of Robert's behavior is an example of a(n)

sanction

America is basically a _____. That is, the educational system, government, and political process are not controlled by a religious group, and most people's daily behaviors are not guided by strict religious guidelines.

secular society

Juan has segmented the market for boats and is currently analyzing each with respect to several factors, such as size, growth rate, competitor strength, fit with company image, distribution available, cost to serve, and risk before deciding which segment to target. Which step of market segmentation is Juan conducting?

selecting an attractive segment(s) to serve

What is the last step in market segmentation?

selecting an attractive segment(s) to serve

The totality of an individual's thoughts and feelings about him- or herself is known as

self-concept

Which is not a step in the consumer's decision process?

self-concept analysis

Auxiliary or peripheral activities that are performed to enhance the primary product or primary service is referred to as

service

Which of the following is not considered one of the firm's outcomes of the marketing strategy and consumer behavior process?

service

Which of the following is not a step in market segmentation?

set budget

The rise of social media has

shifted power from marketers to consumers and helped marketers like CVS listen and adapt to consumers in real time.

What two basic approaches are used to measure social status?

single-item and multi-item indexes

The population of the United States is over 320 million people. With respect to demographics, this number represents

size

With respect to demographics, which of the following refers to the number of individuals in a society?

size

A hierarchical division of a society into relatively distinct and homogeneous groups with respect to attitudes, values, and lifestyles is known as a

social class system

Mia is concerned how her marketing activities will affect individual consumers as well as society at large. Mia is implementing

social marketing

Which of the following is a societal outcome of marketing strategy and consumer behavior?

social welfare

One's position relative to others on one or more dimensions valued by society is known as one's

societal rank

Using one marketing strategy across various cultures is referred to as

standardization

The more consistent an individual is on all status dimensions, the greater the degree of _ for the individual.

status crystallization

Many companies develop special marketing mixes for a segment of a larger culture whose members share distinguishing values and patterns of behavior. These segments are known as

subcultures

The Martins' household income is $123,000 per year. However, this family estimates that they have $45,000 available to spend on nonessentials such as vacations and entertainment. The $45,000 represents the Martins'

subjective discretionary income (SDI)

J&J Produce is a distributor of fresh produce. They conducted a thorough analysis of its market and identified groups of consumers that had similar product-related needs. One particular market identified wanted fresh and unique produce, such as Swiss chard, radicchio, and exotic fruits, and they were willing to pay higher prices for these choices. J&J Produce decided to focus its marketing effort on this segment of the total market. This segment is J&J's

target market

Which of the following is probably the most important situational variable with respect to search behavior?

temporal perspective

John and his wife love art and travel the world to purchase artwork that is representative of a country's culture. Which type of materialism does this represent?

terminal

What does the consumption of a product like Nikes mean to Andre Hank, the formerly homeless consumer discussed in the text?

they serve as a visible symbol that he is back as a successful member of society

Before a marketer can successfully launch a brand in a foreign country, several nonverbal communication factors need to be understood. One of these factors is time, and international marketers must understand a culture's overall orientation toward time. This is known as a culture's

time perspective

Marketing strategy is formulated in terms of the marketing mix; that is, it involves determining the product, features, price, communications, distribution, and services that will provide customers with superior value. This entire set of characteristics is often referred to as the

total product

Which of the following is an example of an environment-oriented value?

tradition/change

Which of the following is not an example of an other-oriented value?

tradition/change

Earl did not complete high school and works as a janitor at two jobs. His income is very low, and he does not possess any skills to help him get a better paying job. Which social class best describes Earl?

upper-lower class

Carl is a physician earning $300,000 per year. Using the Coleman-Rainwater system, identify the social class to which Carl belones

upper-middle

To survive in a competitive environment, an organization must provide its target customers more_ than is provided to them by its competition.

value

Which of the following is not a factor influencing nonverbal communications?

values

Which social class consists of skilled and semiskilled factory, service, and sales workers?

working class