marketing final

An analysis conducted to determine what benefits target customers value and how they rate the relative value of various competitors' offers is known as ________.

customer value analysis

Sigma Inc. has 2,000 Type-A accounts, each requiring 35 calls per year, and 1,000 Type-B accounts, each requiring 15 calls per year. What is the sales force's workload?

85,000 calls

With regard to our Red Bull video in class, the original founder started out as what?

A duck herder.

Red Bull sponsored what type of events regarding their slogan "Red Bull Gives You Wings" campaign?

Flugtag

________ consists of inviting 6 to 10 people to meet with a trained moderator to talk about a product, service, or organization.

Focus group interviewing

_______ is a person's pattern of living as expressed in his/her psychographics, and it includes the individual's activities, interests, and opinions.

Lifestyle

Which of the following statement is true of social classes?

People within a social class tend to exhibit similar buying behavior.

Which of the following is true with regard to personal selling?

Personal selling entails personal presentations by a firm's sales force for the purpose of making sales and building customer relationships.

Which of the following is most likely to be the consequence of increased growth of global trade?

Foreign firms expand aggressively into new international markets.

Which of the following was designed to help foster trade between nations?

GATT

__________ segmentation assumes that nations close to one another will have many common traits and behaviors.

Geographic

_________ calls for dividing the market into regions, states, counties, cities, or even neighborhoods.

Geographic segmentation

________ pricing involves charging higher prices on an everyday basis but running frequent promotions to lower prices temporarily on selected items.

High-low

_________ consumers are one of the fastest-growing U.S. population subsegments and are expected to surge to nearly one third of the total U.S. population by 2030.

Hispanic American

Which of the following is an example of an open-ended question?

How is voting going to help the nation?

________ products are those products purchased for further processing or for use in conducting a business.

Industrial

________ refer to people in an organization's buying center who affect the buying decision; they often help define specifications and provide information for evaluating alternatives.

Influencers

Which of the following is true with regard to the inside sales force of a company?

Inside salespeople provide support for the outside sales force, freeing them to spend more time selling to major accounts and finding new prospects.

________ play an important role in matching supply and demand by providing consumers with a broad assortment of products in small quantities.

Intermediaries

Which of the following is an advantage of using an internal database?

Internal databases can be accessed more quickly and cheaply than other information sources.

Joe Kerry, owner of a small bakery, wants to obtain marketing insights to improve his business. Joe has a limited budget and would like to gather free secondary data. What is the best option for Joe?

Internet search engines

Which of the following is true of the BCG matrix approach?

It considers market growth rate to be a measure of market attractiveness.

Which of the following is true of optional-product pricing?

It involves pricing products that can be added to the base product.

The goal of this type of analysis is to match the company's strengths to attractive opportunities in the environment while eliminating or overcoming the weaknesses and minimizing the threats?

SWOT Analysis

________ was established to replace GATT in 1995 and now oversees the original GATT provisions.

The WTO

______ traditionally has been considered the main purchasing agent for the family in the areas of food, household products, and clothing, although this is changing as more work outside the home.

The wife

The advertising slogan, "We bring good things to life," used by General Electric to market itself, is an example of ________ marketing.

corporate image

Which of the following is the practice of inviting broad communities of customers, employees, independent researchers, and members of the public into the new product innovation process?

crowdsourcing

The ________ environment consists of institutions and other forces that affect a society's basic values, perceptions, preferences, and behaviors.

cultural

What sets the ceiling for product prices?

customer perceptions of the product's value

McDonald's, Subway, and Jiffy Lube are all examples of ________.

franchises

Word of mouth influence comes to consumers from family, colleagues, and _________.

friends

At Neiman Marcus, a first-class department store, customers shop for high-end products and they are assisted in every phase of the shopping process. Neiman Marcus is a ________.

full-service retailer

A ________ firm is one that, by operating in more than one country, gains marketing, production, research and development, and financial advantages that are not available to purely domestic competitors.

global

The environmental sustainability movement encourages companies to ________.

go beyond government regulations

The greater the number of channel levels in a marketing channel, the ________.

greater the channel complexity

Which of the following is a risk associated with international trade?

highly unstable governments

Maslow's theory is that ________ can be arranged in a hierarchy.

human needs

New product development starts with ________.

idea generation

In the new product development process, the first idea-reducing stage is ________.

idea screening

With direct marketing, companies can interact with customers in all of the following ways EXCEPT ________.

in person

The real value of marketing information lies in how it is used ________.

in the customer insights that it provides

A marketing channel that consists of one or more intermediaries is known as a(n) ________ marketing channel.

indirect

Companies can identify their competitors from both ________ points of view.

industry and market

The Pure Drug Company produces insulin, a product with a very stable demand. Even though the price changed several times in the past two years, the demand for Pure Drug's insulin remained relatively unaffected. In this instance, the demand for insulin is representative of ________ demand.

inelastic

Primary data consist of ________.

information collected for the specific purpose at hand

Secondary data consist of ________.

information that already exists somewhere, having been collected for another purpose

When P&G developed the Mr. Clean Magic Eraser, the company needed to explain how the product cleans grime from walls without removing paint. What type of campaign was most likely used by P&G for the Mr. Clean Magic Eraser?

informative advertising

In advertising, puffery is a term that refers to ________.

innocent exaggeration for effect

Robin works in a manufacturing company in Ohio. She sells products and handles customer requests via the company's online live chat feature. In her company, Robin is most likely a part of the ________.

inside sales force

The key is to ________ traditional mass media with online, mobile and social media to best engage customers, communicate the brand message, and enhance the customer's brand experiences.

integrate

Which of the following terms refers to sellers being preoccupied with their own products and losing sight of underlying consumer needs?

marketing myopia

Mission statements should be ________

meaningful and specific yet motivating

Which of the following are the three characteristics that an advertising appeal should have?

meaningful, believable, and distinctive

Dan has been directed to study the forces close to a company that affect its ability to serve its customers, such as the company, suppliers, marketing intermediaries, customer markets, competitors, and publics. In this instance, Dan has been directed to study the ________ of the company.

microenvironment

A _________ documents an organization's purpose--- what it wants to accomplish in the larger environment.

mission statement

Of the various digital marketing categories, ________ is the fastest-growing category.

mobile

In a(n) ________ situation, the buyer wants to revise product specifications, prices, terms, or suppliers.

modified rebuy

Which of the following is a significant challenge presented by the product life cycle?

new product development

The McDonald's fast-food restaurant chain uses Ronald McDonald, a clown, as its primary character. Which message execution style is used by McDonald's?

personality symbol

Critics have accused some producers of practicing ________ by using materials and components that will break, wear, rust, or rot sooner than they should.

planned obsolescence

In the ________ stage of the new product development process, products undergo rigorous tests to make sure that they perform safely and effectively, or that consumers will find value in them.

product development

A ________ is the way consumers perceive an actual or potential product.

product image

Marketers respond to charges of high advertising and promotion costs that unnecessarily increase retail prices, by arguing that advertising and promotion ________.

provide information about a product

When criticized about the value of intermediaries, marketers and resellers respond that intermediaries ________.

provide only necessary services that must be provided by someone

Sparex Inc. is a manufacturer of metal bolts that are used by Boilex Inc. to manufacture heavy machineries. In this instance, Sparex acts as a ________.

supplier

Which of the following is an external source for ideas?

suppliers

Producing a product or service and making it available to buyers requires building relationships not only with customers but also with key suppliers and resellers in the company's ________.

supply chain

What is included in the first part of a marketing strategy statement?

target market description

Which of the following terms refers to a tax levied by a foreign government against certain imported products to raise revenue or to protect domestic firms?

tariff

In the ________, each salesperson is assigned to an exclusive geographic area and sells the company's full line of products or services to all customers in that region.

territorial sales force structure

Once the prototype of Wainwright Industries' new riding lawnmower, made especially for women, passes product tests, the next step is ________.

test marketing

Today's consumers do not need to rely on marketer-supplied information about products and services because they can use ________ to seek out a wealth of information.

the Internet

Acquisition refers to ________.

the buying of a whole company, a patent, or a license to produce someone else's product

Which of the following best describes a strategic business unit?

the key businesses that make up a company

A company's total marketing communications mix consists of a specific blend of advertising, sales promotion, public relations, personal selling, and direct-marketing tools that the company uses to communicate customer value and build customer relationships. Which of the following terms best describes this set of communications tools?

the promotion mix

In our video about Life is Good, Bert Jacobs stated that this was not only key to their success, but just about any other business out there?

Adaptation

Although more price-conscious than other population segments, ________ consumers tend to be strongly motivated by quality and selection, and give importance to brands.

African American

_________ consumers are the most affluent U.S. demographic segment and are expected to have an annual buying power approaching $1 trillion by 2017.

Asian American

Despite Nike offering Michael Jordan a sizable deal, before accepting Michael did what first?

Asked if Adidas would come close to matching Nike's offer.

Sears, Target, and Kroger are examples of ________.

corporate chains.

With regard to Customer Relationship Groups, as discussed in class, which category best fits the Cadillac brand?

Barnacles

________ is the process of comparing the company's products and processes to those of competitors or leading firms in other industries to find ways to improve quality and performance.

Benchmarking

________ requires finding the major advantages people look for in a product class, the kinds of people who look for each positive aspect of a product, and the major brands that deliver it.

Benefit segmentation

________ are ambassadors who enthusiastically share their passion for a company's product with large circles of friends and acquaintances.

Brand evangelists

________ may help shape product specifications, but their major role is to select vendors and to negotiate.

Buyers

As discussed in class regarding our video, Peter Forsberg, an early investor what company, ended up making more money from his investment than his professional hockey career?

CROCS

________ are industrial products that aid in the buyer's production or operations, including installations and accessory equipment.

Capital items

In the classic BCG portfolio planning approach, the funds from this group are used to fund and support promising business products that are yet to be profitable?

Cash Cow

________ is the systematic collection and analysis of publicly available information about consumers, competitors, and developments in the marketing environment.

Competitive marketing intelligence

________ involves first identifying and assessing competitors and then selecting which competitors to attack or avoid.

Competitor analysis

________ are consumer products and services that customers usually buy frequently, immediately, and with minimal comparison and buying effort.

Convenience products

________ are two or more outlets that are commonly owned and controlled.

Corporate chains

_________ is the most basic determinant of a person's wants and behavior

Culture

_________ segmentation divides the market into segments based on variables such as age, life-cycle stage, gender, income, occupation, education, religion, ethnicity, and generation.

Demographic

________ involves actually distinguishing the firm's market offering to create superior customer value

Differentiation

________ sell standard merchandise at lower prices by accepting lower margins and selling higher volume.

Discount stores

________ is the act of obtaining a desired object from someone by offering something in return.

Exchange

________ refers to gathering primary data by selecting matched groups of subjects, giving them different treatments, controlling related factors, and checking for differences in group responses.

Experimental research

Red Bull began their marketing campaign by sponsoring what type of events that were overlocked by big beverage competitors but were extremely popular with their target costumers?

Extreme Sports Events

________ are manufacturer-owned and operated stores that offer prices as low as 50 percent below retail on a wide range of mostly surplus, discounted, or irregular items.

Factory outlets

_________ involves dividing a market into smaller segments of buyers with distinct needs, characteristics, or behaviors that might require separate marketing strategies or mixes.

Market segmentation

_______ consists of evaluating each market segment's attractiveness and selecting one or more segments to enter.

Market targeting

While sometimes difficult to compute, this measurement is important to generate or estimate the effect your marketing campaign has on profits?

Marketing ROI or Return On Investment

Which of the following is NOT an accurate description of modern marketing?

Marketing emphasizes selling and advertising exclusively.

________ refers to qualitative research designed to probe consumers' hidden, subconscious motivations.

Motivation research

________ refers to the measurement of brain activity to learn how consumers feel and respond.

Neuromarketing

________ involves gathering primary data by closely examining relevant people, actions, and situations.

Observational research

________ segmentation refers to dividing the market into segments according to occasions when buyers get the idea to buy, actually make their purchase, or use the purchased item.

Occasion

________ companies use both offline and online marketing channels.

Omni-channel retailing

_______ are people within a reference group who, because of special skills, knowledge, personally or other characteristics, exert influence on other.

Opinion leaders

Which of the following companies uses product bundle pricing?

Panizza, whose combo meals are priced lower than its individual components sold together

________ is the only element in the marketing mix that produces revenue.

Price

What are the 4 P's of the Marketing Mix Approach?

Product, Price, Promotion, and Place

Which of the following is true with regard to products?

Products include services, events, persons, places, organizations, ideas, or a mixture of these.

________ segmentation divides buyers into different segments based on social class, lifestyle, or personality characteristics.

Psychographic

________ includes all the activities involved in selling products or services directly to final consumers for their personal, nonbusiness use.

Retailing

According to our Nike video, who was the genius behind the turnaround of Nike?

Rob Strasser

________ is defined as analyzing, planning, implementing, and controlling sales force activities.

Sales force management

Which of the following is true about the sales force of a company?

Salespeople represent customers to the company, championing customers' interests.

________ is a type of service offered by those retailers who serve customers that are willing to perform their own "locate-compare-select" process in order to save money.

Self-service

Which of the following is true with regard to services?

Services are a form of product that consists of activities, benefits, or satisfactions offered for sale.

The ________ prohibits monopolies and activities (price-fixing, predatory pricing) that restrain trade or competition in interstate commerce.

Sherman Antitrust Act

________ are less frequently purchased consumer products and services that customers compare carefully on suitability, quality, price, and style.

Shopping products

_________ are society's relatively permanent and ordered divisions whose members share similar values, interests, and behavior.

Social classes

________ are consumer products and services with unique characteristics or brand identification for which a significant group of buyers is willing to make a special purchase effort.

Specialty products

_________ is the process of developing and maintaining a crucial fit between the organization's goals and capabilities and its changing marketing opportunities

Strategic Planning

________ are facing slow sales growth because of slower population growth, increased competition, and the rapid growth of out-of-home eating.

Supermarkets

________ involves systematically developing networks of supplier-partners to ensure a dependable supply of products and materials for use in making products or reselling them to others.

Supplier development

________ involves gathering primary data by asking people questions about their knowledge, attitudes, preferences, or buying behavior. It is the most widely used method for primary data collection.

Survey research

________ calls for meeting the present needs of consumers and businesses while also preserving or enhancing the ability of future generations to meet their needs.

Sustainable marketing

________ refers to buying a packaged solution to a problem from a single seller, thus avoiding all the separate decisions involved in a complex buying situation.

Systems selling

________ are consumer products that the consumer either does not know about or knows about but does not normally think about buying.

Unsought products

In the WSJ video about Target, what market niche have they decided to fill?

Upscale Value

________ involves creating a video, e-mail, mobile message, advertisement, or other marketing event that is so infectious that customers will seek it out or pass it along to their friends.

Viral Marketing

________ are human needs that are shaped by culture and individual personality.

Wants

A(n) ________ is designed to present brand content that engages consumers and creates customer-brand community.

branded community Web site

Which of the following is a goods-and-services combination?

a milk shake at an ice cream store

Challenges of managing big data include ________.

accessing and sifting through so much data

Any paid form of nonpersonal presentation and promotion of ideas, goods, or services by an identified sponsor is called ________ and includes broadcast, mobile, print, and online forms.

advertising

Any paid form of nonpersonal presentation and promotion of ideas, goods, or services by an identified sponsor is called ________.

advertising

Persuasive advertising becomes ________ advertising when a company directly or indirectly compares its brand with one or more other brands.

attack

Which of the following refers to a marketing intelligence technique?

benchmarking competitors' products

While creating research questionnaires, researchers must particularly AVOID the use of ________.

biased phrasing

Rather than competing head to head with established competitors, many companies seek out unoccupied positions in uncontested market spaces. They try to create products and services for which there are no direct competitors. This is called a ________.

blue ocean strategy

An increasing number of American workers currently work from their homes or remote offices and conduct their business by phone or the Internet. This trend has created a ________.

booming SOHO market

Harley- Davidson promotes its motorcycles with images of independence, freedom, and power. Harley- Davidson has created a ___________.

brand personality

Product placement in television programs and movies is an example of ________.

branded entertainment

Which stage of new product development requires management to estimate minimum and maximum sales to assess the range of risk in launching a new product?

business analysis

the collection of businesses and products that make up a company is called its ________.

business portfolio

The major activity in strategic planning is _________, whereby management evaluates the products and businesses that make up the company.

business portfolio analysis

Many marketers use the self concept premise that people's possessions contribute to and reflect their identities- that is, "we are what we consume." According to this premise, consumers __________.

buy products to support their self-image

According to the model of buyer behavior, which of the following is one of the two primary parts of a "buyer's black box"?

buyer's decision process

Business buyer behavior refers to the ________.

buying behavior of the organizations that buy goods and services for use in the production of other products and services that are sold, rented, or supplied to others

Consumers' spending patterns since the Great Recession include ________.

buying less and looking for greater value in what they buy

Using ________ pricing, companies are able to turn their trash into cash, allowing them to make the price of their main product more competitive.

by-product

Companies with lower costs ________.

can set lower prices that result in smaller margins but greater sales and profits

Which of the following product mix pricing strategies did Polaroid use when it set the general price range of its cameras low and the markup on its film high?

captive product pricing

According to the five-step model of the marketing process, which of the following is the final step in creating value for customers?

capturing value from customers to create profit and customer equity

Which of the following price adjustment strategies offers a price reduction to buyers who pay their bills promptly?

cash discount

Which of the following is an internal source for new product ideas?

company employees

In the context of identifying competitors' strategies, the more that one firm's strategy resembles another firm's strategy, the more likely the two firms are to ________.

compete

Gaining ________ requires delivering more value and satisfaction to target consumers than competitors do.

competitive advantage

Strategies that strongly position a company against competitors and that give the company the best possible strategic advantage are ________ strategies.

competitive marketing

Kodak's film business didn't lose out to direct competitor Fujifilm; it lost out to Sony, Canon, and other digital camera makers, along with a host of digital image developers and online image sharing services. This is an example of ________.

competitor myopia

A detailed version of a new idea stated in meaningful customer terms is called a product ________.

concept

If a consumer purchases a new flat-screen "smart" television which can connect to services like Netflix and Pandora, what is the core customer value involved?

connection to entertainment and information

At its most basic form, a marketing channel consists of the producer and the ________.

consumer

Individuals and households that buy or acquire goods and services for personal consumption make up the _______

consumer market

Business legislation is enacted to protect ________.

consumers from unfair business practices

Marketers now view themselves as ________ that create and share brand messages and conversations with and among customers across a mix of paid, owned, earned, and shared communication channels.

content marketing managers

While comparing hotel rates on Google's search engine, Brenda came across text-based ads and links alongside the search results. This form of advertising is known as ________.

contextual advertising

Which of the following major decisions should a company make immediately after it decides to operate internationally?

deciding which markets to enter

Consumers who show their allegiance to brands, stores, or companies help marketers to segment consumers by their ________.

degree of loyalty

When backed by buying power, wants become ________.

demands

What is usually the first step in cost-based pricing?

designing a good product

Which of the following is the fastest growing form of direct marketing?

digital marketing

Amazon.com and GEICO approach customers via Web sites or mobile apps. This is an example of ________ marketing.

direct

In a(n) ________ channel, the same member both produces and distributes a product or service to consumers.

direct

Which major promotion category uses catalogs, direct mail, e-mail, mobile marketing and social media?

direct and digital marketing

What sets the floor for product prices?

product costs

Which of the following price adjustment strategies involves reducing prices to reward customer responses such as volume purchases, paying early, or participating in sales-support programs?

discount and allowance pricing

A good brand name should most likely be ________.

distinctive

In its advertisements, Timex promotes its affordable and sturdy watches. Fossil emphasizes style and fashion in its advertisements, and Rolex stresses luxury and status. These are all examples of ________ appeals.

distinctive

Which of the following terms refers to the wholesalers and retailers that form a vital link between the firm and its customers?

downstream partners

Companies such as Amazon.com and Expedia.com that sell products and services directly to final buyers exclusively over the Internet are known as ________.

e-tailers

Industrializing economies are also known as ________ economies.

emerging

A company sent a trained observer to watch and interact with consumers in their natural environments in order to gain deeper insights on consumer needs. This is an example of ________.

ethnographic research

Retailers such as Costco and Walmart charge a constant, daily low price with few or no temporary price discounts. This is an example of ________ pricing.

everyday low

Critics point out that in the stationery industry, a pen that costs fifty cents to make costs the consumer $10 to buy. This is an example of ________.

excessive markups

In ________ research, the objective is to gather preliminary information that will help define the problem and suggest hypotheses.

exploratory

Peter Adams, an entrepreneur, decided to start a new technology venture. As he needed servers and computers for his company, he decided to order these from a local vendor who was offering attractive discounts. In this instance, Peter ________.

faces a new task situation

What is the most important consumer buying organization in society?

family

The business marketer normally deals with ________ than the consumer marketer does.

far fewer but far larger buyers

Deceptive promotion includes practices such as misrepresenting the product's ________.

features or performance

Customer relationship management (CRM) helps ________.

firms manage customer touch points to maximize customer loyalty

Marketers should understand that people's core beliefs and values tend to be ________.

fixed

Companies with higher costs ________.

intentionally pay higher costs so that they can add value through higher quality and claim higher prices and margins

Kei, a senior marketing manager of a pizzeria in North Florida, is currently researching electronic collections of consumer information within the company network to arrive at crucial marketing decisions. In this instance, Kei is using ________.

internal databases

Many companies have developed ________ programs that encourage employees to develop new product ideas.

intrapreneurial

Companies use secondary data, personal experience, and word of mouth to ________.

learn about their competitors' strengths and weaknesses

Life- stage changes usually result from _______.

life-changing events

A current trend in the United States involves rediscovering the benefits of home-cooked food and the use of organic ingredients. People are choosing to spend hours in the kitchen using only the freshest ingredients to cook healthy and nutritious meals. This change in ________ is one of the reasons for the increasing demand for organic ingredients.

lifestyle

In addition to advertainment, advertisers are creating content that ________.

looks less like ads and more like short films or shows

Sam has been directed to study the demographic, economic, political, and cultural forces that affect an organization. In this instance, Sam has been directed to study the ________ of the organization.

macroenvironment

Installations consist of ________.

major purchases such as elevators

According to management guru Peter Drucker, "The aim of marketing is to ________."

make selling unnecessary

A ________ is some combination of products, services, information, or experiences provided to consumers to satisfy a need or want.

market offering

Companies that set a low price for a new product in order to attract a large number of buyers and a large market share are using the ________ strategy.

market-penetration pricing

When a company sets a high price for a new product with the intention of reducing the price in the future, it is using the ________ pricing strategy.

market-skimming

A ________ is a set of interdependent organizations that help make a product or service available for use or consumption by the consumer or business user.

marketing channel

A(n) ________ consists of people and procedures dedicated to assessing information needs, developing the needed information, and helping decision makers use the information to generate and validate actionable customer and market insights.

marketing information system

Lubricants, coal, paper, and pencils are examples of ________.

operating supplies

Kevin is a salesperson working for a company that manufactures gardening tools. He is involved in door-to-door sales and travels every day to call on customers. In his company, Kevin is most likely a part of the ________.

outside sales force

Deceptive practices fall into three groups: pricing, promotion, and ________.

packaging

Because of ________, a company cannot make its product illegally similar to a competitor's already established product.

patent laws

Extel Inc., a home appliance manufacturer, uses sales representatives to sell its products to wholesalers and individual customers. This is an example of ________.

personal selling

The Great Recession of 2008 to 2009 triggered a shift in consumer attitudes toward ________.

price and quality

Go Zone plans to introduce four tablet models over the next year. These models range from basic readers at $99 per unit, to more sophisticated tablets at $399 per unit. The more features a model has, the more expensive it is. What pricing strategy is Tone Zone using for its range of tablets?

product line pricing

Johnson Business Solutions maintains one sales force for its copy machines and a separate sales force for its computer systems. Johnson Business Solutions utilizes a ________.

product sales force structure

Consumer products refer to ________.

products and services bought by final consumers for personal consumption

Critics charge that promotion adds only ________ to a product.

psychological value

Which of the following promotion tools involves building up a good corporate image and handling unfavorable stories and events?

public relations

An advertising objective is classified by its primary purpose, which is to inform, persuade, or ________.

remind

Online ads that incorporate animation, video, sound, and interactivity are called ________.

rich media ads

Firms that decide against international expansion to play it safe ________.

risk losing their home markets

The use of short-term incentives to encourage the purchase or sale of a product or service is called ________.

sales promotion

A(n) ________ is an individual who represents a company to customers by prospecting, communicating, selling, servicing, information gathering, and/or relationship building.

salesperson

A marketer of women's hair care products targeting Chinese customers created an advertising message that told women their hair could be worn any way they wanted opposed to wearing it straight. The message suggested the women did not need to conform to the mainstream media defintion of beauty. It is most accurate to say that this ad was based on an understanding of customers' ____________.

self-concept

Which message execution style depicts average people using a product in an everyday setting?

slice of life

Facebook, Snapchat and LinkedIn are all examples of ________.

social networks

The ________ concept is specifically focused on the future welfare of consumers.

societal marketing

A ________ is an unsolicited, unwanted commercial e-mail message that clogs up e-mailboxes.

spam

GameStop sells only video games and systems, offering a narrow product line with a deep assortment within that line. GameStop is a(n) ________.

specialty store

In which of the following would the buyer reorder a product without any modifications?

straight rebuy

According to Freud, a person's buying decisions are primarily affected by ________.

subconscious motives

Each culture contains smaller ________, or groups of people with shared value systems based on common life experiences and situations.

subcultures

Countries with ________ economies consist mostly of households with very low family incomes.

subsistence

When amusement parks charge customers for admission and later for food and beverages, they are following a ________ pricing strategy.

two-part

According to the five-step model of the marketing process, a company should ________ before designing a customer-driven marketing strategy.

understand the marketplace and customer needs and wants

The sets of firms that supply companies with the raw materials, components, parts, information, finances, and expertise needed to create products or services are known as ________.

upstream partners

Marketing is defined as a social and managerial process by which individuals and organizations obtain what they need and want through ________.

value creation and exchange

A ________ is made up of the company, suppliers, distributors, and customers who partner to improve the performance of the entire system.

value delivery network

In an effort to differentiate its offerings from its competitors, Pegasus Computers decided to add an extra USB port in all its laptops besides providing a free pair of Delphi power bass headphones with every Pegasus laptop. Although the additional features increased the price of the laptops by $500, Pegasus was confident that the strategy would help boost demand for its laptops substantially. This is an example of ________.

value-added pricing

Companies can research many aspects of buying decisions. However, the one that is the most difficult to identify is _________.

why they buy