Mastering A&P: Chapter 9.1-9.2

Which of the following is a humoral stimulus for hormone release? - sympathetic nerves stimulation - hypothalamic activity - calcium ions - TSH

Calcium ions

Which of these results when hormone secretion is regulated by a negative feedback mechanism? - hormone concentrations rise and fall depending on the time of day - hormones determine the metabolic rate of all cells - all hormones are regulated by other hormones - the concentration of a hormone remains within a narrow normal range

The concentration of a hormone remains within a narrow normal range.

In the second-messenger system, what serves as the first messenger? - ATP - DNA - the hormone - cyclic AMP (cAMP) - mRNA

The hormone

Hormones only affect certain tissue cells or organs known as target cells or target organs. - true - false

True

Most hormones are regulated by negative feedback mechanisms. - true - false

True

Which of these endocrine glands is located just above a kidney? - thymus - pineal gland - adrenal gland - pancreas

Adrenal gland

Which of these is a tropic hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland? - adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) - antidiuretic hormone (ADH) - growth hormone (GH) - oxytocin (OT)

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Which of these is an example of using a humoral stimulus to cause hormone secretion? - hypothalamic stimulation triggers the release of growth hormone - the adrenal cortex releases cortisol when stimulated by the anterior pituitary gland - an increase in blood glucose stimulates the release of insulin - sympathetic stimulation triggers the release of epinephrine

An increase in blood glucose stimulates the release of insulin.

What hormone stimulates the kidneys to reabsorb water as urine is being formed? - parathyroid hormone (PTH) - oxytocin - mineralocorticoids - antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Which of these is characteristic of an endocrine gland? - secretes into a body cavity - ductless - must be close to its target cells - secretes onto a body surface

Ductless

Which system produces chemical messengers known as hormones? - integumentary system - muscular system - endocrine system - immune system - nervous system

Endocrine system

Which hormone is released by nerve impulses? - calcitonin - epinephrine - thyrotropic hormone - aldosterone

Epinephrine

The scientific study of hormones and endocrine organs is known as immunology. - true - false

False

What is the functional relationship between the hypothalamus and the posterior pituitary? - no functional relationship exists between the hypothalamus and the posterior pituitary - hypothalamus produces releasing hormones that stimulate hormone secretion by the posterior pituitary - posterior pituitary synthesizes hormones released by the hypothalamus - hypothalamus synthesizes the hormones stored and released by the posterior pituitary

Hypothalamus synthesizes the hormones stored and released by the posterior pituitary.

Where are receptors for steroid hormones found? - in the plasma membrane of target cells - in the cytoplasm - in the extracellular fluids surrounding the target cells - in the nucleus of target cells

In the nucleus of target cells

How does the hypothalamus regulate the release of hormones from the anterior pituitary gland? - it secretes releasing and inhibiting hormones that travel through the blood to the anterior pituitary gland - it sends nerve impulses to the glandular cells of the anterior pituitary - it sends nerve impulses along axons that release hormones within the anterior pituitary gland - it releases Na+ to trigger hormone release by the anterior pituitary cells

It secretes releasing and inhibiting hormones that travel through the blood to the anterior pituitary gland.

Justin has discovered he is sterile. Hyposecretion of which of the following hormones might be causing Justin's sterility? - oxytocin - thyrotropic hormone - prolactin - luteinizing hormone

Luteinizing hormone

What is the main mechanism for regulating hormone secretion? - positive feedback - negative feedback - neural stimulation - taking vitamins

Negative feedback

Why don't all body cells respond to a particular hormone? - all body cells aren't exposed to the hormone - only cells that have receptors for the hormone can respond - the liver removes the hormone before all cells can be exposed - glands don't secrete enough hormone to affect all body cells

Only cells that have receptors for the hormone can respond.

How would you classify a hormone that is made from cholesterol, such as a sex hormone? - prostaglandin - steroid hormone - protein hormone - peptide hormone - amine hormone

Steroid hormone