Mastering A&P Homework - Chapter 12

Harmful or disease-causing microorganisms from which nonspecific defenses protect the body are called ________.

pathogens

The right lymphatic duct collects lymph from the ________.

right arm

The ________ duct drains lymph from the right arm and the right side of the head and thorax.

right lymphatic

What lymphoid organ stores platelets and acts as a blood reservoir?

spleen

Lymphocytes are trained to be self-tolerant of ________.

the body's own cells

Chemotaxis is best described as ________.

the movement of cells along a chemical gradient

Which lymphoid tissues trap and remove bacteria entering the throat?

tonsils

Mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue (MALT) includes the

tonsils, the appendix, and Peyer's patches

What is the function of histamine?

triggers inflammatory response

Hannah has an auto-immune disease in which the beta cells of the pancreas are destroyed. As a result, she does not make enough insulin. What disease does she have?

type I diabetes mellitus

What does fever accomplish?

Fever inhibits bacteria reproduction and speeds the repair process.

What antibody class is most abundant in plasma, is important in fixing complement, and crosses the placenta to provide protection to a newborn?

IgG

What happens to the fluid filtered from blood capillaries?

It enters lymphatic vessels and is returned to the bloodstream.

What is the function of antigen-presenting cells (APCs)?

activate T lymphocytes

Redness, heat, swelling, and pain are the four most common indicators of ________.

acute inflammation

Systemic (body-wide) acute allergic response caused by allergens that directly enter the blood, as with certain bee stings or spider bites, is called ________.

anaphylactic shock

Which one of the following is NOT one of the nonspecific body defenses?

antibody production

The major role of ________ cells is to engulf antigens and present pieces of them to the cells that will deal with those fragments.

antigen-presenting

B cells develop immunocompetence in the ________.

bone marrow

Which of the following is NOT one of the four most common indicators of the inflammatory response?

chills

which portion of the antibody's structure determines the antibody's class?

constant region

Killer T cells, which kill virus-invaded body cells, are also called ________.

cytotoxic T cells

The process by which neutrophils are squeezed through the capillary walls during the inflammatory process is called ________.

diapedesis

Excess accumulation of fluid, which impairs the exchange of materials within the tissues, is called ________.

edema

AIDS cripples the immune system by interfering with the activity of cells called ________.

helper T cells

What structures are major components of the lymphatic system?

lymphatic vessels and lymphoid tissues/organs

IgE ________.

is involved in allergies

The adaptive (specific) defense system ________.

issues an attack specific to particular foreign substances

Lymph from the left arm returns to the heart through the ________.

left subclavian vein

Bacteria and tumor cells are removed from lymph by ________.

lymph nodes