Mastering Biology Quiz 8

What causes a stomach ulcer?

A bacterial infection

The sudden obstruction of a blood vessel by an embolus (an abnormal particle, an air bubble, circulating in the blood)

embolism

Relating to the blood

haematological

Maintaining a steady state internal environment, despite a changing external environment, is called ________.

homeostasis

The third phase of psycological response to long term space flight is

hypersensitivity, nervous, and irritable.

The pulmonary circuit specifically circulates blood to the ________.

lungs

The release of an egg from an ovary is called ________.

ovulation

What structure in the body is the only place where blood vessels can be observed directly?

retina

Connective tissue is the most variable of the tissue types. Which one of the following is not categorized as connective tissue?

skin

Which of the following statements about bones is false?

Bones are dry and dead, made up of calcium and connective fibers with a few blood vessels running through them.

There are many organs and glands of the endocrine system, but which one is the master controller?

Hypothalamus

What type of disorder is AIDS?

Immunodeficiency

What is the primary function of the sinoatrial node?

Initiates the contraction of the heart

Which of the following blood cells fights infections?

Leukocytes

Sound is "heard" when sound waves cause structures inside your ears to physically vibrate. A signal is then sent to your brain where it is interpreted as sound. What type of receptors in the ear are responsible for the sense of hearing?

Mechanoreceptors

What moves the food from your mouth to your stomach when you swallow?

Peristaltic muscle contractions

What is the role of the epiglottis?

Prevents food from entering the windpipe

Identify the primary role of the lymphatic system.

Produce and store large numbers of white blood cells

How do the muscles in your arm extend your arm outward?

Some muscles in your arm relax and others contract, pulling the arm straight.

What is the role of the villi?

To absorb small nutrient molecules from the digestive tract

What is the purpose of dialysis treatments?

To detoxify dangerous chemicals in the bloodstream

Which medication prevents viral infections by priming the immune system against a specific virus?

Vaccine

The structures which are specialized for visual acuity are the _________.

cones

Organs are made up of a collection of ________.

different types of tissues

An essential nutrient is specifically a nutrient that your body ________.

cannot make by itself