Material Fallacy

slanting

-this fallacy occurs when one assumes something that one should actually prove -often found in polls, asks a question in such a way as to practically force a certain answer (begging the question)

Quoting out of Context

This fallacy occurs when one quotes another without including relevant context and consequently misrepresents the speaker or misuses his words

Ad Misericordiam

To try to convince a person with pity rather than reason

black and white

the mistake of not allowing for any other choices between two extremes

hasty generalization

this fallacy occurs when one too quickly moves from specific examples to a generalization

false analogy

this fallacy occurs when one uses a poor analogy or misuses a a good analogy trying to make it prove something it doesn't

equivocation

this fallacy occurs when the same term is used in 2 or more different senses in the course of an argument

contradictory

this is a self-contradiction in one's own premises

Ad Ignorantium

this is to argue that an idea must be true because we do not know that it is NOT true

complex question

to ask a question that cannot be answered without begging a question (assuming something to be true)

non sequiter

to draw a conclusion that does not follow at all fro the premises or evidence given

Ad Veracundium

to make an illegitimate appeal to an authority instead of conducting a real argument

post hoc

to mistakenly conclude that simply because one thing (A) preceded another (B) it actually caused the second thing (B)

ad populum

when one claims that something is true or good simply because many people believe it or do it

ad hominem

when one makes a personal attack rather than arguing the issue itself