Material Fallacy
slanting
-this fallacy occurs when one assumes something that one should actually prove -often found in polls, asks a question in such a way as to practically force a certain answer (begging the question)
Quoting out of Context
This fallacy occurs when one quotes another without including relevant context and consequently misrepresents the speaker or misuses his words
Ad Misericordiam
To try to convince a person with pity rather than reason
black and white
the mistake of not allowing for any other choices between two extremes
hasty generalization
this fallacy occurs when one too quickly moves from specific examples to a generalization
false analogy
this fallacy occurs when one uses a poor analogy or misuses a a good analogy trying to make it prove something it doesn't
equivocation
this fallacy occurs when the same term is used in 2 or more different senses in the course of an argument
contradictory
this is a self-contradiction in one's own premises
Ad Ignorantium
this is to argue that an idea must be true because we do not know that it is NOT true
complex question
to ask a question that cannot be answered without begging a question (assuming something to be true)
non sequiter
to draw a conclusion that does not follow at all fro the premises or evidence given
Ad Veracundium
to make an illegitimate appeal to an authority instead of conducting a real argument
post hoc
to mistakenly conclude that simply because one thing (A) preceded another (B) it actually caused the second thing (B)
ad populum
when one claims that something is true or good simply because many people believe it or do it
ad hominem
when one makes a personal attack rather than arguing the issue itself