Math terms

If​ a, b, and c are real​ numbers, the associative property of addition states that​ __________.

(a+b)+c=a+(b+c)

The three sets in the Venn diagram will separate the universal set into ___ regions

8

The set​ {California, Colorado,​ Connecticut} is expressed using

the roster method.

Line graphs are often used to illustrate trends over time.

the statement is true

The first step in problem solving is to read the problem several times in order to

understand the problem

The set of elements that are members of set A or set B or of both sets is called the ___ of sets A and​ B, and is symbolized by ___

union, A U B.

Visual relationships among sets are shown by

venn diagrams

empty/null set is represented by

{} or Ø

Describe a bar graph.

Bar graphs are convenient for comparing some measurable attribute of various items. The bars may be horizontal or​ vertical, and their heights or lengths are used to show the amounts of different items.

In this era of calculators and​ computers, why is there a need to develop estimation​ skills?

Estimation can be used to approximate unknown values. It can also be used to save time or to check a technology answer to make sure that it makes sense.

What is​ estimation? When is it helpful to use​ estimation?

Estimation is the process of arriving at an approximate answer to a question. When an answer is needed​ quickly, estimation can be used to save time.

A natural number greater than 1 that has only itself and 1 as factors is called​ a/an

Prime number

It is not necessary to use estimation skills when using my calculator.

The statement does not make sense because estimation can help to determine whether the answer diaplayed for a computation makes sense.

When making a choice between various sizes of a​ product, the best value is the size with the lowest price.

The statement is false because the best value should be the product with the lowest unit​ price, assuming that the units are kept uniform.

Decimal numbers are rounded by using the digit to the right of the digit where rounding is to occur.

The statement is true because this number dictates whether to round up or down.

When buying several items at the​ market, I use estimation before going to the cashier to be sure I have enough money to pay for the purchase.

The statement makes sense because it would most likely be impractical and time consuming to find the exact value of the total purchase.

Being able to compute an exact answer requires a different ability than estimating the reasonableness of the answer.

The statement makes sense​ because, without using​ technology, it is much easier to estimate an answer than to find an exact answer.

If​ a, b, and c are real​ numbers, the distributive property states that​ _______.

a X (b+c)=a X b + a X c

If a and b are real​ numbers, the commutative property of multiplication states that​ _______.

ab=ba

The nth term of an arithmetic sequence is given by the formula​ _______, where a1 is​ _______ and d is​ _______.

an=a1+(n−1)d, the first term, the common difference

The nth term of a geometric sequence is given by the formula​ _______, where a1 is​ _______ and r is​ _______.

an=a1r(n−1), the first term, the common ratio

A sequence in which each term after the first differs from the preceding term by a constant amount is called​ a/an _______ sequence. The difference between consecutive terms is called the​ _______ of the sequence.

arithmetic, common difference

The number of distinct elements in a set is called the ______ of the set. If A represents the​ set, this number is represented by _____

cardinal, n(A)

A graph that shows how a whole quantity is divided into parts is called​ a/an

circle graph/pie chart

The​ ______ property of addition states that the sum of any two real numbers is a real number.

closure

The set of all elements in the universal set that are not in set A is called the ____ of set​ A, and is symbolized by ____

compliment, A'

A natural number greater than 1 that is divisible by a number other than itself and 1 is called​ a/an

composite number

The statement 3+3=6 serves as​ a/an _______ to the conjecture that the sum of two odd numbers is an odd number.

counterexample

The second step in problem solving is to ________ for solving the problem.

devise a plan

A set that contains no elements is called the

empty/null

Two sets that contain the same elements are called

equal sets

Two sets that contain the same number of elements are called

equivalent

The process of arriving at an approximate answer to a computation such as 0.79times×403 is called

etimation

A sequence in which each term after the first is obtained by multiplying the preceding term by a fixed nonzero number is called​ a/an _______ sequence. The fixed nonzero number used to multiply the preceding term is called the​ _______.

geometric, common ratio

The​ _____ property of addition states that zero can be deleted from a sum.

identity

The​ _______ property of multiplication states that​ _______ can be deleted from a product.

identity, 1

Arriving at a general conclusion based on observations of specific examples is called​ _______.

inductive reasoning

Arriving at a general conclusion based on observations of specific examples is called

inductive reasoning.

in order to perform set operations such as (A ∪ B) ∩ (A ∪ C)​, begin by performing any set operations ____

inside parentheses

The set of elements common to both set A and set B is called the ___ of sets A and​ B, and is symbolized by ___

intersection, A ∩ B.

The symbol ∈ is used to indicate that an object

is an element of a set

The product of a nonzero real number and its​ __________ gives​ 1, the​ ____________.

multiplicative inverse, multiplicative identity.

The formula for the cardinal number of elements in set A or set B is n(AUB) =

n(A) + n(B) - n(A∩B)

The set {1,2,3,4,5,...}is called the set of

natural numbers

Every real number is either​ _______ or​ _______.

ratioinal, irrational

The set​ {x|x is a U.S.state whose name begins with the letter​ C} is expressed using

set-builder notation.

​Polya's four steps in problem solving make it possible to obtain answers to problems even if necessary pieces of information are missing.

​False; Polya's four steps in problem solving make it possible to obtain answers to problems when all necessary pieces of information are given.