Matter Review
Elements-
contain one element (one kind of atom)
Indicators of a chemical change-
-Gas is produced -something new is formed -temp. changes -color/ odor changes -light is produced
Solid: -Shape -Volume -Compressibility -Flow
-Shape: Definate (no change) -Volume: Definate (no change) -Compressibility: Cannot be compressed -Flow: no flow
Liquid: -Shape -Volume -Compressibility -Flow
-Shape: changes -Volume: Definate, but can take place of it's container -Compressibility: a little more fluid -Flow: yes
Gas: -Shape -Volume -Compressibility -Flow
-Shape: no definate shape -Volume: No definate vol. -Compressibility: Yes -Flow: Yes
Mixture-
-combination of pure substances that are not chemically combined -do not have a formula -2 or more compounds put together
Intensive properties-
Independent upon amt. of matter (you cannot control) ex: density
Density=
Mass/volume
Heterogeneous- (different)
Mixtures that are obviously more than one thing; you can see
Physical Change-
Nothing new is created ex: state changing into a different state, shape, temp., sublimation
Phases-
Types of matter
Suspension-
When particles are large enough to see or will settle to form layers; separate out
Chemical properties-
ability of chemical change to occur
Physical properties-
can be observed or measured without changing the composition of matter. Physical properties are used to observe and describe matter
Substances-
can only be one kind of matter (element or compound)
Aqueous (aq)-
dissolves in water
Colloids-
homogeneous solution that displays the Tyndall effect
Describe the characteristics that identify a sample of matter as being a substance
Has a uniform and unchanging composition. IT MUST HAVE A MASS AND VOLUME! Ex: Air, water vapor, sand, blocks, chairs, etc.
Classify each of the following as a physical or chemical property. a. Iron and oxygen form rust. b. Iron is more dense than aluminum c. Magnesium burns brightly when ignited. d. Oil and water do not mix. e. Mercury melts at -39C f. Carbon dioxide is a colorless gas g. Conducts electricity
a. Chemical b. Physical c. chemical d. physical e. physical f.physical g. chemical
What kind of changes, chemical or physical, do these words indicate? a. Boil b. Burn c. Condense d. Corrode e. Crumple f. Ferment g. Melt h. Rust i. Crush j. Freeze k. Oxidize l. Tarnish m. Explode n. Grind o. Rot p. Vaporize
a. P b. C c. P d. C e. P f. C g. P h. C i. P j. P k. C l. C m. C n. P o. C p. P
Classify each of the following examples as physical change or a chemical change. a. Crushing an aluminum can b. Recycling used aluminum cans to make new aluminum cans. c. Aluminum combining with oxygen to form aluminum oxide
a. Physical b. Physical c. Chemical
Physical property examples:
appearance, texture, color, odor, melting point, boiling point, density, solubility, polarity
Chemical property examples:
certain reactivity, pH, toxicity, flammability
Sublimation-
change from a solid into a gas state
Extensive properties-
dependent on amt. of matter (you can control) ex; mass, length, volume
Chemical Change-
ending up with an entirely different substance
Compounds-
made up of 2 or more elements chemically combined *if it has a formula, it's a compound
Law of conservation of mass-
mass cannot be created or destroyed, but can change forms
Homogeneous- (same)
solutions, one or more compound, appear to be one thing but are not; same composition throughout