McGraw-Hill Connect Chapter 6
A patient has been burned along the entire length of both lower extremities, anterior and posterior. Using the "rule of nines", estimate the percentage of the body that has been burned.
36%
What type of secretory gland includes proteins and lipids in its watery secretions? These organic molecules are metabolized by bacteria on the skin's surface, leading to odor.
Apocrine sweat glands
With what type of burns is debriding a necessary part of treatment?
Deep partial-thickness and full-thickness burns
What type of dead cells make up a hair?
Epithelial cells
Shock (severe drop in blood pressure) occurs with severe burns. Why does hypovolemic shock develop? multiple choice 3
Fluid leaks out of capillaries. reducing blood volume
What type of burn involves destruction of ALL layers of the skin.
Full-thickness burn
Name the area where growth of a hair occurs.
Hair bulb
What is keratinization and where does it occur?
Hardening of cells; occurs in epidermis
In the dermis of the skin, name the more superficial layer.
Papillary layer
Define angiogenesis
Production of new blood vessels
Define the term erythema.
Reddened skin
During wound healing, granulations may form. What are granulations?
Small masses consisting of a blood vessel and associated fibroblasts
Name the epidermal layer that is found in thick skin, but is absent from thin skin.
Stratum lucidum
What type of burn involves ONLY the epidermis?
Superficial burn
The deeper the burn, the more likely a burn will not heal without a skin graft. Why is healing more difficult in these burns?
The loss of cells that would have undergone mitosis reduces ability to repair tissue.
Why do cells of the epidermis die as they are pushed toward the surface of the skin?
They are too far from their nutrient supply.
What is the function of the arrector pili?
To shift position of hair follicles
What is the function of the lunula of the nail?
What is the function of the lunula of the nail?
What type of burn involves injury to only the epidermis?
What type of burn involves injury to only the epidermis?
Merocrine (eccrine) sweat glands are located __________ and function to __________.
almost everywhere in the body; cool the skin
The papillary layer of the dermis is composed of __________ tissue, and the reticular layer is composed of __________ tissue.
areolar; dense irregular
The __________ are the bundles of smooth muscle found within the dermis, attached to hair follicles.
arrector pili
Within the epidermis, cell division and growth occurs in the stratum __________.
basale
Anchoring the epidermis to the superficial dermis is a thin layer called the __________.
basement membrane
Scars consist of __________.
collagen
Vasoconstriction of blood vessels in the dermis of the skin is a response to a(n) __________ in body temperature.
decrease
Nutrient and oxygen supply for the epidermis comes from blood vessels located in the __________ layer of the skin.
dermal
The collagen matrix of granulation tissue is produced by cells called __________.
fibroblasts
Skin grafting will be necessary with __________.
full-thickness burns
Keloids are the result of overgrowth of __________ tissue.
granulation
The tissue that fills the gap in the skin during healing is called __________ tissue.
granulation
The stage called __________ involves vasodilation of vessels, allowing the leakage of white blood cells into the injured tissue. This step is necessary before healing can occur.
inflammation
The phases of wound healing, in the correct order, are __________.
inflammation, proliferation, remodeling
Nails consist of __________.
keratinized epithelial cells
Within the dermis of the skin, the __________ layer is superficial to the __________ layer.
papillary; reticular
The largest organ(s) of the integumentary system is/are __________.
skin
Burns classified as __________ burns heal quickly with no scarring.
superficial partial-thickness
As we age, our skin __________.
thins
As body temperature increases, the blood vessels of the dermis will __________.
vasodilate
The inflammatory phase includes __________ and phagocytosis of bacteria and debris by white blood cells.
vasodilation
