McGraw-Hill Connect Chapter 6

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A patient has been burned along the entire length of both lower extremities, anterior and posterior. Using the "rule of nines", estimate the percentage of the body that has been burned.

36%

What type of secretory gland includes proteins and lipids in its watery secretions? These organic molecules are metabolized by bacteria on the skin's surface, leading to odor.

Apocrine sweat glands

With what type of burns is debriding a necessary part of treatment?

Deep partial-thickness and full-thickness burns

What type of dead cells make up a hair?

Epithelial cells

Shock (severe drop in blood pressure) occurs with severe burns. Why does hypovolemic shock develop? multiple choice 3

Fluid leaks out of capillaries. reducing blood volume

What type of burn involves destruction of ALL layers of the skin.

Full-thickness burn

Name the area where growth of a hair occurs.

Hair bulb

What is keratinization and where does it occur?

Hardening of cells; occurs in epidermis

In the dermis of the skin, name the more superficial layer.

Papillary layer

Define angiogenesis

Production of new blood vessels

Define the term erythema.

Reddened skin

During wound healing, granulations may form. What are granulations?

Small masses consisting of a blood vessel and associated fibroblasts

Name the epidermal layer that is found in thick skin, but is absent from thin skin.

Stratum lucidum

What type of burn involves ONLY the epidermis?

Superficial burn

The deeper the burn, the more likely a burn will not heal without a skin graft. Why is healing more difficult in these burns?

The loss of cells that would have undergone mitosis reduces ability to repair tissue.

Why do cells of the epidermis die as they are pushed toward the surface of the skin?

They are too far from their nutrient supply.

What is the function of the arrector pili?

To shift position of hair follicles

What is the function of the lunula of the nail?

What is the function of the lunula of the nail?

What type of burn involves injury to only the epidermis?

What type of burn involves injury to only the epidermis?

Merocrine (eccrine) sweat glands are located __________ and function to __________.

almost everywhere in the body; cool the skin

The papillary layer of the dermis is composed of __________ tissue, and the reticular layer is composed of __________ tissue.

areolar; dense irregular

The __________ are the bundles of smooth muscle found within the dermis, attached to hair follicles.

arrector pili

Within the epidermis, cell division and growth occurs in the stratum __________.

basale

Anchoring the epidermis to the superficial dermis is a thin layer called the __________.

basement membrane

Scars consist of __________.

collagen

Vasoconstriction of blood vessels in the dermis of the skin is a response to a(n) __________ in body temperature.

decrease

Nutrient and oxygen supply for the epidermis comes from blood vessels located in the __________ layer of the skin.

dermal

The collagen matrix of granulation tissue is produced by cells called __________.

fibroblasts

Skin grafting will be necessary with __________.

full-thickness burns

Keloids are the result of overgrowth of __________ tissue.

granulation

The tissue that fills the gap in the skin during healing is called __________ tissue.

granulation

The stage called __________ involves vasodilation of vessels, allowing the leakage of white blood cells into the injured tissue. This step is necessary before healing can occur.

inflammation

The phases of wound healing, in the correct order, are __________.

inflammation, proliferation, remodeling

Nails consist of __________.

keratinized epithelial cells

Within the dermis of the skin, the __________ layer is superficial to the __________ layer.

papillary; reticular

The largest organ(s) of the integumentary system is/are __________.

skin

Burns classified as __________ burns heal quickly with no scarring.

superficial partial-thickness

As we age, our skin __________.

thins

As body temperature increases, the blood vessels of the dermis will __________.

vasodilate

The inflammatory phase includes __________ and phagocytosis of bacteria and debris by white blood cells.

vasodilation


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