med surg ch. 46 GI homework

Functional

A _____________ obstruction can occur when the intestine becomes adynamic from an absence of normal nerve stimulation to intestinal muscle fibers.

Excessive bloody drainage on the gauze dressing

A client is admitted to the hospital for a hemorrhoidectomy. Postoperatively, which of the following would a clients nurse be most concerned about?

sneezing and coughing due to smoking may increase intra-abdominal pressure

A client is assessed for surgery for herniation. Why is it important that the nurse ask whether the client smokes?

question the physician about the use of the cleansing enema

A client with ulcerative colitis who experiences severe diarrhea is prescribed a cleansing enema t relieve the symptoms. What intervention should the nurse consider at this stage?

irritable bowel syndrome

A cluster of symptoms that occur despite the absence of an identifiable disease process. Pts experience abdominal pain and cramping, bloating and flatus, as well as diarrhea and/or constipation, with or without mucus.

Anal fissure

A linear tear in the anal canal tissue.

irritable bowel syndrome

A nurse enters the room of a client who is experiencing cramping, bloating, and flatus, as well as diarrhea and/or constipation, with or without the presence of mucus. What condition do the clients symptoms suggest?

pilonidal sinus

An infection in the hair follicles in the sacrococcygeal area above the anus.

Anorectal abscess

An infection with a collection of pus in an area between the internal and external sphincters.

Anal fistula

An inflammed tunnel that develops when the healing of an anorectal abscess is inadequate; the tunnel connects the area of the original abscess with perianal skin; purulent material drains from the opening.

mechanical

An obstruction that results from a narrowing of the bowel lumen with or without a space-occupying mass.

Anal fistula

Antibiotics are prescribed to treat infection. A Fistulotomy or fistulectomy are possible surgical options.

diverticulitis

Asymptomatic diverticula are called diverticulosis. When diverticula become inflamed, the term is __________.

constipation

May stem from several disorders, either in the GI tract or systemically

Intestinal obstruction

Medical management of this condition includes the pt receiving nothing by mouth. Intravenous fluids with electrolytes are administered to correct fluid and electrolyte imbalances, and antibiotics are ordered to treat infection.

Anal Fissure

Medical treatment for __________________ includes applying anesthetic creams, ointments, or suppositories; taking sitz baths and analgesics; and preventing constipation.

diverticulitis

S/S include constipation alternating with diarrhea, flatulence, pain and tenderness in LLQ, fever, and retal bleeding. A palpable mass may be felt in the lower abdomen.

Diverticula

Sacs or pouches caused by herniation of the mucosa through a weakened portion of the muscular coat of the intestine or other structure.

right-sided

Symptoms of a ________ lesion include dull abdominal pain and melena.

Lower

The __________ gastrointestinal tract includes the small and larger intestines from the duodenum to anus.

stool has mucus and blood

The nurse expects to find which of the following symptoms for a client with severe diarrhea?

25 g/day

The nurse who is caring for a client with constipation is correct in recommending that the client slowly increase the intake of dietary fiber to what amount?

constipation

This condition may result from insufficient dietary fiber and water, ignoring or resisting the urge to defecate, emotional stress, use of drugs that tend to slow intestinal motility, or inactivity.

Peritonitis

When ________ is present, the abdomen feels rigid and boardlike as it distends with gas and intestinal contents; bowel sounds typically are absent.

Herniorrhaphy

When a ___________ is performed, the protruding intestine is repositioned in the abdominal cavity and the defect in the abdominal wall is repaired.

request the dietitian to suggest more acceptable food

When monitoring the food intake of a client with Crohn's disease, the nurse observes that the client does not eat most of the food served. The nurse learns that the client finds the food unappetizing. What step should the nurse take to address the issue?

undergo a colonoscopy

Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide to a client who is asymptomatic of colonic cancer but whose stool test results as positive for blood?

teach the client how to insert a suppository

Which teaching strategy would the nurse plan for a client with an anal fissure?

Diarrhea

____________ results from increased peristalsis, which moves fecal matter through the GI tract much more rapidly than normal.

irritable bowel syndrome

a motility problem in which constipation and diarrhea are alternately present.

Hemorrhoids

dilated veins outside or inside the anal sphincter.

Hernia

this term refers to the protrusion of any organ from the cavity that normally confines it, it is most commonly used to describe the protrusion of the intestine through a defect in the abdominal wall.