Med Surg Chapter 24 Quiz

Beta 2 adrenergic agonist agent

Proventil

The nurse is assigned to care for a patient with COPD with hypoxemia and hypercapnia. When planning care for this patient, what does the nurse understand is the main goal of treatment?

Providing sufficient oxygen to improve oxygenation

A patient with end stage COPD and heart failure asks the nurse about lung reduction surgery. What is the best response by the nurse?

"You and your physician should discuss the options that are available for treatment."

Upon assessment, the nurse suspects that a patient with COPD may have bronchospasm. What manifestations validate the nurse's concern? (Select all that apply)

- Compromised gas exchange - Decreased airflow - Wheezes

In 2011, COPD an associated respiratory diseases were estimated to affect 24 million adults and was the _________ leading cause of death in the United States (National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, 2011)

Third

A nurse notes that the FEV1/FVC ratio is leads than 70% for a patient with COPD. What stage should the nurse document the patient is in?

1

Primary causes for an acute exacerbation of COPD are:

Tracheobroncial infection and air pollution

The median survival age for individuals diagnosed with cystic fibrosis is now ______ years.

37

Name a genetic risk factor for COPD

A genetic risk factor for COPD is a deficiency in alpha-antitrypsin, an enzyme inhibitor that protects the lungs.

Complications of asthma may include:

Aletlectasis, Respiratory failure, pneumonia and status Asmaticus

The strongest predisposing factor for asthma is _____________; the three most common symptoms are :

Allergy; cough, wheezing, and dyspnea

Name three ways that bronco dilators relieve bronchospasm.

Alter smooth muscle tone, reduce airway obstruction, and improve alveolar ventilation

The nurse should be alert for a complication of bronchiectasis that results forma combination of retained secretions and obstruction and that leads to the collapse of alveoli. What complication should the nurse monitor for?

Atelectasis

Anticholinergic Agent

Atrovent

The physician orders a beta 2 adrenergic agonist agent (Bronchodilator) that is short acting and administered only by inhaler. What medication does the nurse anticipate will be administered?

Brethine

A ______________ is a surgical option for select patient's with bullous emphysema.

Bullectomy

The single most cost-effective intervention to reduce the risk of developing COPD or slow its progression is ____________________.

Cessation of Smoking

Describe the results of chronic airway inflammation in COPD.

Chronic Inflammation results in the following: increased goblet cells, and enlarged submucosal glands, inflammation and airway narrowing, and narrowing of the airway lumen.

List the three primary symptoms associated with the progressive state of COPD.

Chronic cough sputum production dyspnea on exertion

Combination short-acting beta 2 adrenergic agonist agent

Combivent

A patient is prescribed a s mast cell stabilizer for the treatment of asthma. Which commonly used medications ill the nurse educate the patient about?

Cromolyn Sodium

Mast cell stabilizer

Cromolyn Sodium

Define the term emphysema

Emphysema is an abnormal distention of the air spaces, beyond the terminal bronchioles, that results in destruction of the walls of the alveoli.

List five of the nine major factors that determine the clinical course and survival of patients with COPD.

History of cigarette smoking, passive smoking exposure, age, rate of decline of FEV1, hypoxemia, weight loss, reversibility of airflow obstruction, pulmonary artery pressure, and resting heart rate.

___________ also contributes to respiratory symptoms and COPD.

Passive Smoking

A patient is being treated for status asthmatics. What danger sign does the nurse observe that can indicate impending respiratory failure?

Respiratory acidosis

A patient comes to the clinic for the third time in 2 months with chronic bronchitis. What clinical symptoms does the nurse anticipate assessing for this patient?

Sputum, and a productive cough

To help prevent infections in patients with COPD, the nurse should recommend vaccinations against two bacterial organisms:

Streptococcus Pneumoniae, & Hemophilis influenzae

The nurse is instructing the patient with asthma in the use of a newly prescribed leukotriene receptor antagonist. What should the nurse be sure to include in the education?

The patient should thane the medication an hour before meals or 2 hours after meals.

Methylxanthine

Theo-Dur

The nurse is assigned to care for a patient in the ICU who is diagnosed with status asthmatics. Why does the nurse include fluid intake as being important aspect of the plan of care? (Select all that apply)

- To combat dehydration - To loosen secretions - To facilitate expectoration

The nurse educating a patient with asthma about preventative measures to avoid having an asthma attack. What does the nurse inform the patient is a priority intervention to prevent an asthma attack?

Preparing a written action

A child is having an asthma attack and the parent can't remember which inhaler to use for quick relief. The nurse accesses the child's medication information and tells the parent to use which inhalant?

Proventil

The nurse is caring for a patient with status asthmatics int he intensive care unit (ICU). What does the nurse anticipate observing for the blood gas results related to hyperventilation for this patient?

Respiratory alkalosis

Patients with COPD are at risk for ______________ and ________________________ which in turn increase the rid of acute and chronic respiratory failure.

Respiratory insufficiency, Chronic Respiratory failure

Leukotriene modifier

Singulair

_____________ Is used to evaluate airflow obstruction, which is determined by the ratio of FEV1 to forced vital capacity.

Spirometry

A patient with cystic fibrosis is admitted to the hospital with pneumonia. when should the nurse administer the pancreatic enzyme that the patient has been prescribed?

With meals