Med Surg Chapter 31 Quiz
The nurse is performing an assessment on a patient to determine the effects of hypertension on the heart and blood vessels. What specific assessment date will assist in determining this complication? (Select all that apply)
- Heart rate - Heart rhythm - Character of apical and peripheral pulses
A patient with hypertension is waking up several times a night to urinate. The nurse knows that what laboratory studies may indicate pathologic changes in the kidneys due to the hypertension? (Select all that apply)
-Creatine - Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) -
A patient has been diagnosed with prehypertension and has been encouraged to exercise regularly and being a weight loss program. After what period of time does the nurse tell the patient to return for a follow up visit?
1 year
The desired goal for the systolic blood pressure for a person with diabetes or chronic kidney disease is _________
130 mm hg
Approximately ______________% of adults have hypertension
30
An estimated ___________% of patient discontinue their medication within 1 year of beginning to take them.
50
A patient si instructed to adhere to a dash diet. What does the diet recommend?
A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and low fat diary products with a reduced content of saturated fats and total fat.
The nurse is assessing the blood pressure for patient who has hypertension and the nurse ors not hear an osculatory gap What outcome may be document in this circumstance?
A high diastolic or low systolic reading
Inhibits aldosterone
Aldactone
Displaces norepinephrine from storage sites
Aldomet
Blood pressure is the product of ____________ multiplied by _________________________.
Cardiac output Peripheral resistance
A risk factor assessment, as advocated by the seventh report of the joint national committee on prevention, detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure, is needed to classify and guide the treatment of hypertensive people at risk for ____________________.
Cardiovascular damage
What is the correlation between cigarette smoking and high blood pressure?
Cigarrete smoking does not cause high blood pressure; however, if a person with hypertension smokes, the persons risk of dying from heart disease or elated disorders increase significantly.
A patient has severe coronary artery disease and hypertension. Which medication order should the nurse consult with the physician about that is contraindicated for patent with sever CAD?
Clonidine (Catapres)
Stimulates dopamine and alpha 2 adrenergic receptors
Corlopam
A patient with long standing hypertension is admitted to the hospital with hypertensive urgency. The physician orders a chest x-ray, which reveals an enlarged heart. What diagnostic test does the nurse anticipate preparing the patient for to determine left ventricular enlargement?
Echocardiography
A patient with hypertension has been able to maintain a blood pressure of 130/70 for 1 year while reducing dietary sodium and taking hydrochorothiazide and atenolol. What treatment plan will the nurse educate the patient about?
Gradual reducing the HCTZ and the atenolol and continuing to reduce sodium intake
Cardiac output is the product of ____________ multiplied by _______________________.
Heart rate Stroke volume
________________ and _______________ are the two classes of hypertensive crisis that require immediate intervention.
Hypertensive Emergency Hypertensive Urgency
A patient informs the nurse, "I can't adhere to the dietary sodium decrease that is required for the treatment of my hypertension." What can't he nurse educate the client about regarding this statement?
It takes 2 to 3 months for the taste buds to adapt to changes in salt intake
Blocks reabsorption of sodium and water in kidneys
Lasix
The nurse is planning the care of patent admitted to the hospital with hypertension. What objective will help to meet the needs of this patient?
Lowering and controlling the blood pressure with out adverse effects and without undue cost
What is the major concern for medical and nursing management of hypertension?
Noncompliance with recommended therapeutic regimen
The nurse is assessing a patient with severe hypertension. When performing a focuses assessment of the eyes, what does the nurse understand might be observed related to the hypertension?
Papilledema
A patient is taking amiloride and lisinopril for the treatment of hypertension. What laboratory studies should the nurse monitor while the patient is taking thewse two medications together?
Potassium level
A patient arrives at the clinic for a follow up visit for treatment of hypertension. The nurse obtains a blood pressure reading of 180/110 but finds no evidence of impending or progressive organ damage when performing the assessment on the patient. What situation does the nurse understand this patient is experiencing?
Hypertensive Urgency
A patient is being seen at the clinic on a monthly basis for assessment of blood pressure. The patient has been checking her blood pressure at home as well and has reported a systolic pressure of 158 and a diastolic pressure of 64, What does the nurse suspect this patient is experiencing?
Isolated systolic hypertension
A patient is flying overseas for 1 week for business and packed antihypertenisive medications in a suitcase. After arriving at the intended destination, the patient found that the luggage had been stolen. if the patient cannot take the medication, what condition becomes a concern?
Rebound hypertension
Patients may experience _______________ if antihypertensives medications are suddenly stopped.
Rebound hypertension
A patient is brought to the emergency department with complaints of a bad headache and an increase in blood pressure. The blood pressure reading obtained buy the nurse is 260/18. What is the therapeutic goal for reduction of the mean blood pressure?
Reduces the blood pressure by 20 to 25 % with in the first hour of treatment
Stimulates alpha 2 adrenergic receptors
Tenex
What conditions may trigger a hypertensive emergency or urgency?
hypertension that has been poorly controlled, undiagnosed hypertension, patients who have abruptly discontinued their medication.
For a patient diagnosed with hypertension, what lifestyle modifications will assist with the management of the disease process?
Weight reduction DASH diet Dietary sodium restriction Increasing physical activity Moderation of alcohol consumption
