MEDSURG 2 MOD 1

To minimize false alarms, the ECG recordings must be free of

ARTIFACT

The stress test procedures are noninvasive ways to evaluate the response of the cardiovascular system to stress.

CARDIAC

Acebutolol, atenolol, bisoprolol/HCTZ, labetalol, metoprolol, propranolol Verapamil, diltiazem Quinidine, procainamide lidocaine Flecainide, propafenone

Decreases automaticity and conduction. Treats atrial and ventricular dysthymias Blocks calcium channel. Treats and prevents paroxysmal atrial dysthymias Moderate depression of depolarization; prolongs repolarization. Treats and prevents atrial and ventricular dysrhythmias Minimal depression of depolarization; shortened repolarization. Treats ventricular dysrhythmias Marked depression of depolarization; little effect on repolarization. Treats atrial and ventricular dysthymias

Which of the following are types of antidysrhythmics? Select all that apply.

Sodium channel blockers Beta-adrenergic blockers Calcium channel blockers Potassium channel blockers

The nurse's role is to respond to and correct all monitor alarms immediately.

TRUE

The placement of electrodes for monitoring varies with the type of technology, the purpose of monitoring, and the standards of the health care facility.

TRUE

The standard left precordial leads are V1—fourth intercostal space, right sternal border; V2—fourth intercostal space, left sternal border; V3—diagonally between V2 and V4; V4—fifth intercostal space, left midclavicular line; V5—same level as V4, anterior axillary line; V6 (not illustrated)—same level as V4 and V5, maxillary line.

TRUE

Which of the following are teaching guidelines for digoxin? Select all that apply

Use the same brand and type of digoxin all the time. Digoxin is administered long term because heart failure is a chronic condition. Digoxin is given daily at the same time to produce therapeutic blood levels.

Medical management of atrial fibrillation revolves around preventing embolic events, such as stroke, with antithrombotic drugs, controlling the ventricular rate of response with antiarrhythmic agents, and treating the dysrhythmia as indicated so that it is converted to a sinus rhythm (i.e., EP study).

false

What is the half-life of Adenosine?

less than 10 seconds

Atrial fibrillation is the most common sustained dysrhythmia, affecting as many as 6.1 million Americans.

true

If PACs are frequent (more than six per minute), this may herald a worsening disease state or the onset of more serious dysrhythmias, such as atrial fibrillation. Medical management is directed toward treating the underlying cause (e.g., reduction of caffeine intake, correction of hypokalemia).

true

Medical management of atrial fibrillation revolves around preventing embolic events, such as stroke, with antithrombotic drugs, controlling the ventricular rate of response with antiarrhythmic agents, and treating the dysrhythmia as indicated so that it is converted to a sinus rhythm (i.e., cardioversion).

true

Which of the following are causes of sinus tachycardia? Select all that apply.

Excessive sympathetic tone with reduced parasympathetic tone that is out of proportion to physiologic demands Physiologic or psychological stress Enhanced automaticity of the SA node Medications that stimulate the sympathetic response

Which of the following are characteristics of PACs? Select all that apply.

P wave: An early and different P wave may be seen or may be hidden in the T wave; other P waves in the strip are consistent. Ventricular and atrial rate: Depends on the underlying rhythm (e.g., sinus tachycardia) QRS shape and duration: The QRS that follows the early P wave is usually normal, but it may be abnormal (aberrantly conducted PAC). It may even be absent (blocked PAC).

Which of the following are characteristics of sinus tachycardia? Select all that apply.

QRS shape and duration: Usually normal, but may be regularly abnormal Ventricular and atrial rhythm: Regular P wave: Normal and consistent shape; always in front of the QRS, but may be buried in the preceding T wave

T wave ST segment P wave U wave QT segment PR interval QRS complex

Represents ventricular repolarization (when the cells regain a negative charge; also called the resting state) Represents early ventricular repolarization, lasts from the end of the QRS complex to the beginning of the T wave Represents the electrical impulse starting in the SA node and spreading through the atria Thought to represent repolarization of the Purkinje fibers represents the total time for ventricular depolarization and repolarization Measured from the beginning of the P wave to the beginning of the QRS complex Represents ventricular depolarization

Electrical conduction that begins in the SA node generates which of the following?

Sinus rhythm

The ECG rhythm strip must be analyzed in a systematic manner to determine the patient's cardiac rate and rhythm, to detect dysrhythmias and conduction disorders, and as evidence of myocardial ischemia, injury, and infarction.

TRUE

The ECG is composed of waveforms, segments, and intervals. Which of the following are components of waveforms, segments, and intervals? Select all that apply

The ECG is composed of waveforms (including the P wave, the QRS complex, the T wave, and possibly a U wave) and of segments and intervals (including the PR interval, the ST segment, and the QT interval)

The ECG rhythm strip must be analyzed in a systematic manner to determine which of the following? Select all that apply

The ECG rhythm strip must be analyzed in a systematic manner to determine the patient's cardiac rate and rhythm, and to detect dysrhythmias and conduction disorders, as well as evidence of myocardial ischemia, injury, and infarction.

Which of the following are characteristics of sinus arrhythmia? Select all that apply

The following are characteristics of sinus arrhythmia: Ventricular and atrial rate: 60 to 100 bpm in the adult QRS shape and duration: Usually normal, but may be regularly abnormal .P:QRS ratio: 1:1

Which of the following are characteristics of a sinus rhythm? Select all that apply

Ventricular and atrial rate: 60 to 100 bpm in the adult Ventricular and atrial rhythm: Regular QRS shape and duration: Usually normal, but may be regularly abnormal P wave: Normal and consistent shape; always in front of the QRS PR interval: Consistent interval between 0.12 and 0.20 seconds P:QRS ratio: 1:1