Mental Health Quizzes

Kim is concerned with her appearance. She spends about 3 hours every morning exercising, putting on makeup, and fixing her hair. She is constantly seeking reassurance from her husband that she looks alright. She is often late to work, ad when she is there, she frequently compares herself with her coworkers. Which obsessive compulsive disorder does this best represent? A. Body dysmorphic disorder B. Trichotillomania C. Obsessive-compulsive disorder D. Hoarding disorder

A. Body dysmorphic disorder

Which of the following best reflects the shared beliefs of occupational therapy and the recovery movement? A. Focus on what matters to someone versus what is the matter with someone B. Focus on steps needed to be perceived as normal C. Focus on practitioner's expert knowledge of treatment of mental illness D. Focus on and address someone's limitations to increase occupational functioning

A. Focus on what matters to someone versus what is the matter with someone

Individuals who experience more positive emotions, feel a sense of self-efficacy, and demonstrate flexibility when adapting to change are more likely to ____________________. A. Recover from trauma, stress, or adversity B. Not experience trauma C. Not recover from trauma; predisposing factors do not contribute to resilience and recovery D. Avoid adverse experiences

A. Recover from trauma, stress, or adversity

Which of the following best describes recovery? A. Recovery is a personal, holistic process B. Recovery defines a sense of purpose focused on the limitations of the disability C. Recovery means being disease-free D. Recovery is a process where individuals learn to rely on others to achieve their goals

A. Recovery is a personal, holistic process

Which family characteristic is most closely associated with an individual's sensitivity to develop an eating disorder? A. Rigidity B. Undervaluing of appearance and thinness C. Increased autonomy D. Eating habits organized around overeating

A. Rigidity

Which of the following is most representative of the prevalence of substance use in the United States? A. One-half of Americans aged 16 and older have consumed alcohol B. Binge-drinking is most common among those 18-29 years old C. Illicit drug use is most common among those 30 to 35 years old. D. Tobacco use is highest among those 50-56 years old

B. Binge-drinking is most common among those 18-29 years old

LaDonna's family has brought her into your clinic because of her irritability, rapid speech, and engagement in dangerous and risky behaviors. They have noticed the behaviors for the past week. They are concerned because this is different than what LaDonna has experienced in the past. During the past several years, she has experienced several episodes of depression and they aren't sure what is happening now. Which disorder does this best represent? A. Bipolar II disorder B. Bipolar I disorder C. Major depressive disorder D. Persistent depressive disorder

B. Bipolar I disorder

There has been a 40% increase in the incidence of which mood disorder diagnosis in youth in outpatient settings? A. Persistent depressive disorder B. Bipolar disorder C. Cyclothymic disorder D. Major depressive disorder

B. Bipolar disorder

Individuals with personality disorders have difficulty engaging in meaningful activities because of distortions in the way they interpret everyday situations. Which of the four core areas associated with the inner experience and behaviors of personality disorders does this represent? A. Impulse control B. Cognition C. Interpersonal problems D. Affectivity

B. Cognition

Which of the following best describes a high-risk population for opioid addiction? A. Persons with personality disorders B. Persons being treated for chronic pain C. Young adults D. Persons with conduct disorder

B. Persons being treated for chronic pain

Keo is demonstrating psychotic-like symptoms, cognitive decline, and increased social isolation. He has not yet met the criteria for schizophrenia. Which of the following best describes what Keo is experiencing? A. Affective symptoms B. Prodromal period C. Negative symptoms D. Late stage symptoms

B. Prodromal period

Anxiety is described as an adaptive response to threatening situations. Anxiety disorders occur when their response is _________________. A. One that includes increased heart rate B. Prolonged and inappropriate to the actual threat C. Expressed through mild feelings of uneasiness D. Expressed through hyperarousal

B. Prolonged and inappropriate to the actual threat

Which of the following symptom clusters would represent Mariah's symptoms of delusions represent? A. Disorganized symptoms B. Psychotic symptoms C. Affective symptoms D. Negative symptoms

B. Psychotic symptoms

Which of the following best reflects the impact of substance use disorders on occupational performance? A. Healthy environments do not impact substance use and occupational performance B. Substance use only results in negative consequences on occupational performacne C. All areas of occupation can be impacted by substance use disorders D. Substance use only impacts the individual diagnosed with a disorder

C. All areas of occupation can be impacted by substance use disorders

The primary focus of occupational therapy intervention with clients with eating disorders is which of the following? A. Become less compulsive over food B. Learn meal preparation skills C. Gain control over disordered eating D. Active participation in occupation

D. Active participation in occupation

You want to design a study examining the usefulness of Qigong for individuals with depression. You decide to examine and summarize previous randomized controlled trials. This would be considered __________________. A. Level I evidence B. Level II evidence C. Level III evidence D. Level IV evidence

A. Level I evidence

Which of the following is a key principle of trauma-informed care? A. Trustworthiness and transparency B. Limited choices C. Assuming decision-making capacity for your client D. Provider support

A. Trustworthiness and transparency

Which of the following areas of occupation are most significantly impacted in adults with major depression? A. Work B. Activities of daily living C. Social participation D. Sleep

A. Work

Individuals with panic disorder have higher incidence of which of the following comorbid physical illnesses? A. asthma and COPD B. hyperlipidemia and diabetes C. hypertension and diabetes D. cardiac and metabolic disease

A. asthma and COPD

Samuel is a 7-year-old whose family experiences economic hardship. He has 6 siblins, all under the age of 10. His father left the family several years ago and his mother needs to work nights to provide for the family, One night when his mother was at work, there was a fire in their apartment. Thankfully, Samuel and his siblings all escaped without injury. Samuel's teacher noted that about a month after the fire, he started having difficulty concentrating during class and hadn't been keeping up with his homework. This continued for about 5 months and then his school performance improved. Which stress-related disorder does this best describe? A. Disinhibited social engagement disorder B. Adjustment disorder C. Posttraumatic stress disorder D. Reactive attachment disorder

B. Adjustment disorder

Recovery has not only changed people's lives, but it has changed policy as well. Which of the following U.S. policies has been cited as moving the health system toward a more integrated, holistic model of care addressing physical and behavioral health needs? A. Recovery-to-Practice Act B. Affordable Care Act C. Excellence in Mental Health Act D. Return to Work Act

B. Affordable Care Act

Which of the following best describes the prevalence of anxiety disorders? A. Anxiety disorders are prevalent in non-Western cultures B. Anxiety disorders are the most common psychiatric disorder in adolescents C. Females with anxiety disorder are more likely to have a co-occurring substance use disorder D. Men are at higher risk for anxiety disorders than women

B. Anxiety disorders are the most common psychiatric disorder in adolescents

You have been asked to evaluate a 15-year-old girl with a potential eating disorder, which is impacting her school performance. When you meet her you are struck that she appears to be of normal weight. AS you are completing your evaluation one theme keeps arising, her extreme fear of becoming fat. As you continue to observe her throughout the say, you notice that although she is eating her meals, she disappears shortly thereafter. Staff is concerned that she is purging and you overheard her friends talking about potential laxative abuse. Which eating disorder does this information best represent? A. Anorexia nervosa B. Bulimia nervosa C. Binge eating disorder D. Binging/purging eating disorder

B. Bulimia nervosa

Sarah is an individual who works at a local telecommunication company. She has been invited to apply for a supervisory position but her belief that she is not good interacting with others is interfering with her following through with the application process. Which of the following performance skills does this best represent? A. Cognition B. Cognitive beliefs C. Sensory processing D. Coping and resilience

B. Cognitive beliefs

The Letter Cancellation Task is an example of which intervention model for cognitive impairment? A. Cognitive adaptation B. Cognitive remediation C. Dynamic interactional approach D. Cognitive orientation

B. Cognitive remediation

Memory used to learn how to perform and interpret a range of motion evaluation as an occupational therapy student can best be described as ________________. A. Semantic memory B. Procedural memory C. Long-term memory D. Episodic memory

B. Procedural memory

Samuel is a 34-year-old who has been referred to you for impairments in cognition, specifically attention. When you meet him, you notice that he is easily distracted and appears to have difficulty focusing on relevant stimuli in the environment. Which aspect of attention does this best represent? A. Vigilance B. Selective attention C. Divided attention D. Automatic and controlled processing

B. Selective attention

The experience of feeling detached from, as if one is an outside observer of one's surroundings is a symptom that sometimes occurs with panic disorder is which of the following? A. desensitization B. derealization C. depersonalization D. dissociation

B. derealization

You are conducting a study about social relationships in people with schizophrenia and you want to create a new social participation theory. Which type of study does this best represent? A. Phenomenological B. Narrative C. Grounded Theory D. Descriptive

C. Grounded Theory

As a new practitioner, you are committed to engaging in evidence-based practice. In reviewing the literature, you come across the five-step process, or the cycle of evidence-based practice that can help guide you with this task. When working with your clients, you identify and review evidence related to your client's situation and develop your intervention based on your findings. Which step of the cycle does this best represent? A. Identify the problem B. Identify relevant evidence C. Implement useful findings D. Evaluate outcomes

C. Implement useful findings

Overall health and wellness in individuals with schizophrenia negatively impacts occupations performance. Which of the following is most descriptive of the impact on health and wellness on occupational performance? A. Individuals with schizophrenia are at lower risk of medical comorbidities B. Medications can increase the risk of type I diabetes and weight gain C. Medication can lead to oral side effects such as dry mouth, tardive dyskinesia, and dystonia of the mouth, tongue, head, and neck D. Individuals with schizophrenia are non-responsive to intervention focused on lifestyle behaviors

C. Medication can lead to oral side effects such as dry mouth, tardive dyskinesia, and dystonia of the mouth, tongue, head, and neck

When working with Adrian, you notice his behavior is a little eccentric. He demonstrates difficulty trusting you and engaging in your recommended intervention. Whenever you make a recommendation, he questions the recommendation and is resistant in engaging. Which of the following best describes Adrian's situation? A. Borderline personality disorder B. Schizotypal personality disorder C. Paranoid personality disorder D. Avoidant personality disorder

C. Paranoid personality disorder

You are evaluating an older adult with dementia who has demonstrated difficulty with communication and self-awareness. Based on this information what type of assessment tool would be best to use with this client? A. Interview B. Self-report C. Performance-based D. Projective

C. Performance-based

The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration identifies four dimensions of recovery: health, home, purpose, and community. The ability to engage in meaningful daily activities is an example of A. Community B. Health C. Purpose D. Home

C. Purpose

Which occupational therapy founder was most closely associated with the development of performance-based tests? A. William Rush Dunton, Jr. B. George Barton C. Susan Tracy D. Eleanor Clarke Slagle

C. Susan Tracy

Which of the following is associated with the development of personality disorders? A. Temperament is a protective factor against the development of personality disorders B. Neuroimaging suggests no biological vulnerability toward these disorders C. The baby/parent fit is crucial in the development of adaptive personalities D. Research has identified specific genes related to personality disorders

C. The baby/parent fit is crucial in the development of adaptive personalities

Cognitive impairments in individuals with schizophrenia impact occupational performance. Which of the following is the most accurate statement regarding cognitive impairments and schizophrenia? A. The hallmark cognitive impairment of schizophrenia is difficulty with short-term memory B. They worsen through time C. They are more predictive of functional outcomes than symptoms D. They are a core symptom of schizophrenia

C. They are more predictive of functional outcomes than symptoms

Which of the following best demonstrates the use of dialectical behavior therapy with an eating disorder population? A. Focus on reduced engagement in unhealthy routines and adoption of healthy routines B. Identification of spiritual support to assist with distress tolerance around eating and meal preparation C. Utilization of mindfulness to assist with emotion regulation and distress tolerance around eating and meal preparation D. Focus on the development of healthy relationships and supports to assist with distress tolerance around eating and meal preparation

C. Utilization of mindfulness to assist with emotion regulation and distress tolerance around eating and meal preparation

Last year Sally's family was in a car accident. Her oldest daughter was hospitalized fora bout a month with serious injuries, but following physical rehabilitation, she has returned to all her valued occupations. During the time of her daughter's hospitalization and rehabilitation, Sally complained of tension headaches, anxiety, and at times feelings of being overwhelmed. Those symptoms have now resolved and she feels as if she's "back to normal." What type of stress does this best represent? A. Acute stress B. Chronic stress C. Traumatic stress D. Reactive stress

A. Acute stress

The 3 populations identified in the U.S. as being at the highest risk for opioid addiction are persons being treated for chronic pain, persons addicted to another substance, and which of the following? A. Adolescents B. Older adults C. Those with serious mental illness D. Neonates

A. Adolescents

Your colleague asked to consult with you on a new referral he just received. He describes the 13-year-old girl as an introvert, very cautious, with a strong drive for perfectionism and need for external validation. Which eating disorder do these personality characteristics best describe? A. Anorexia nervosa B. Bulimia nervosa C. Binge eating disorder D. Binging/purging eating disorder

A. Anorexia nervosa

You are working with a 54-year-old man who has been exhibiting a decline in cognitive functioning following a traumatic brain injury (TBI). Based on your assessment, you create an intervention plan that includes the client using compensatory strategies such as a day planner to help organize work-related tasks and a checklist to help cue him to what homemaking tasks he needs to complete outside of work. Which model best represents this intervention? A. Cognitive adaptation B. Cognitive disabilities C. Dynamic interactional approach D. Cognitive remediation

A. Cognitive adaptation

You are working with a patient who has a diagnosed eating disorder of anorexia nervosa using a motivational interviewing approach. The patient makes a statement to you that she is aware she has a problem with her eating, but is not ready to do anything about it. Which stage of readiness for change is the patient in? A. Contemplation B. Preparation C. Action

A. Contemplation

Which of the following is most reflective of gender and cultural differences in schizophrenia? A. Cultural considerations are vital in distinguishing psychotic experiences B. Men experience more positive symptoms C. Schizophrenia is under-diagnosed in minority groups D. Schizophrenia is generally more severe for females

A. Cultural considerations are vital in distinguishing psychotic experiences

Which of the following is the most accurate statement regarding suicide? A. Decreased access to mental health care is a risk factor for suicide B. Alcohol is a protective factor for suicide C. Certain religious and cultural beliefs do not affect suicide risk D. Suicide occurs most frequently in females

A. Decreased access to mental health care is a risk factor for suicide

You are reading a study that is comparing the prevalence and incidence of schizophrenia in urban versus rural areas. Which type of study does this best represent? A. Descriptive research B. Predictive research C. Efficacy research D. Assessment research

A. Descriptive research

You are working with an individual who is 65 years old who started experiencing depression following his retirement. During your initial interview this gentleman tells you about his interest in fishing. He says he loves it and did it often as a child and teenager, but has had less time to do it while he was working full-time as an accountant. He says the one thing he is looking forward to in retirement is returning to this activity. When you ask what he enjoyed about it he says it was a great way to spend time with his father and now he is looking forward to spending time fishing with his son and grandchildren. This is an example of how ___________________ impacts occupational performance. A. Dimension of time B. Dimension of space C. Occupational fit D. Occupational adaptation

A. Dimension of time

Which of the following is the most reflective of the etiology of mood disorders? A. Early exposure to adverse events resulting in negative attitudes and biases B. Violence and abuse do not contribute to depression C. All individuals who experience early adverse events develop depression D. Sleep disturbances are not present in mood disorders

A. Early exposure to adverse events resulting in negative attitudes and biases

Which occupational therapy founder was most closely associated with habit training? A. Eleanor Clarke Slagle B. William Rush Dunton, Jr. C. Susan Tracy D. George Barton

A. Eleanor Clarke Slagle

Which of the following is a characteristic associated with personality disorders? A. Inability to sustain meaningful relationships B. Increased concern about pleasing others C. Feelings of distress an individual is causing others D. Overly flexible

A. Inability to sustain meaningful relationships

Which of the following best describes cognitive awareness in individuals with lived experience with psychiatric disabilities? A. Individuals with schizophrenia are aware of their cognitive challenge. B. Individuals with schizophrenia have no awareness of their cognitive impairments. C. Individuals with schizophrenia are aware of strategies they can use to overcome their cognitive impairments. D. Individuals with schizophrenia are unable to describe the cognitive challenges they experience.

A. Individuals with schizophrenia are aware of their cognitive challenge.

Which of the following best describes the Person-Environment-Occupation (PEO) model? A. It is a transactive model that states a change in one part of the model affects other parts of the model, influencing occupational performance B. It is a model that focuses on the specific parts of an individual and occupational performance C. It is a model that describes a relationship between the person, environment, and occupation, that is static over time D. It is a model framed in the concepts of occupational identity, competence, and adaptation

A. It is a transactive model that states a change in one part of the model affects other parts of the model, influencing occupational performance

Which of the following best describes the purpose of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)? A. It provides for open and consistent lines of communication between clinicians and researchers B. It provides a clear description of functional limitations associated with diagnoses C. It decreases the medicalization of problems of daily living D. It eliminates the need to meet with the patient to diagnose him or her

A. It provides for open and consistent lines of communication between clinicians and researchers

Jenny has been experiencing loss of interest in daily activities, increased sleep, and disruption in work and in her relationships with her friends. This has been occurring for the past month. This also occurred several years ago. Jenny reports that this time she feels that the symptoms are worse than the first time. she has never reported any manic or hypomanic symptoms. Which disorder does this best represent? A. Major depression B. Persistent depressive disorder C. Cyclothymic disorder D. Seasonal affective disorder

A. Major depression

A client with depression has come to the local community center to learn more about health and wellness. Which of the following best describes health, as defined by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration? A. Managing one's disorder(s) and making healthy choices that support physical and emotional well-being B. Fulfillment of one's potential through meaningful activities C. Focusing on the physical aspects of one's well-being D. Full engagement in one's community

A. Managing one's disorder(s) and making healthy choices that support physical and emotional well-being

Which medication is an example of a class that mimics the drug they replace by reducing cravings and preventing relapse? A. Methadone B. Wellbutrin C. Antabuse D. Campral

A. Methadone

As an occupational therapy practitioner, you decide to use an intervention that encourages the client to focus awareness nonjudgmentally on the present. Which approach does this best represent? A. Mindfulness meditation B. Anger management C. Dialectical behavior therapy D. Cognitive behavior therapy

A. Mindfulness meditation

A post-traumatic factor that is considered prognostic of how an individual responds after a traumatic experience is which of the following? A. Negative self-concept B. Pre-morbid personality C. History of childhood adversity D. Family history of mental illness

A. Negative self-concept

You have identified a plan to complete the evaluation process with your 10-year-old client, but have run up against a few factors that are influencing the process, such as not having enough time to administer your assessment of choice, not being familiar with the assessment a colleague recommended, your client's priorities being somewhat different than yours, and so on. This has caused you to rethink how you will complete the evaluation and can best be explained by the reality that the evaluation process is ________________. A. Not a linear process B. Highly predictive C. Practitioner-centered D. Client-centered

A. Not a linear process

Which of the following best describes the prevalence and course of mood disorders? A. One in five Americans will experience depression during their lifetime B. Mood disorders are associated with higher socioeconomic status C. The average onset for major depressive disorder is the mid-30s D. Depression affects men more frequently than women

A. One in five Americans will experience depression during their lifetime

You want to design a study that explores the lived experiences of individuals with schizophrenia as it relates to forming new social relationships. Which type of study does this best represent? A. Phenomenological B. Descriptive C. Grounded theory D. Narrative

A. Phenomenological

Six months ago, Taylor witnessed his mother being shot and killed by his father. Since that time, he has been re-experiencing the traumatic memory. It is more common that this occurs when watching a violent movie but can also occur when there is no trigger. Because of these flashbacks, he has found himself watching TV less and not spending as much time with his friends as a way to avoid triggers. Taylor often feels guilt about not being able to save his mother, and shame regarding his father's actions. He also. tends to have an extreme neurophysiological stress response when confronted with these flashbacks. Which stress-related disorder does this best describe? A. Posttraumatic stress disorder B. Adjustment disorder C. Disinhibited social engagement disorder D. Reactive attachment disorder

A. Posttraumatic stress disorder

Mariah is a 23 year-old who has been diagnosed with major depression. Last year, she began experiencing delusions, as well as disorganized thinking and behaviors. These symptoms remitted with medication, but then she began to display flat affect and social withdrawal. Two months ago, she once again began to experience delusions and an increase in disorganized thinking. Which of the following disorders is Mariah experiencing? A. Schizoaffective disorder B. Schizophrenia C. Bipolar I disorder D. Major depression with psychotic features

A. Schizoaffective disorder

Yolanda has been consuming excess amounts of alcohol for the past 5 years. She has stated she wants to stop, but can't. She states that when she has tried to stop, she gets withdrawal symptoms that are intolerable and she hast o take a drink to alleviate the symptoms. Her family reports that she has difficulty keeping a job and her parenting skills have. been negatively impacted. Yolanda has received 2 citations for driving while intoxicated but continues to drink. Which of th following diagnoses best represents Yolanda's situation? A. Substance use disorder B. Multi-substance disorder C. Mood disorder D. Co-occurring disorder

A. Substance use disorder

As an occupational therapy practitioner, you want a practice grounded in evidence. Which of the following best describes evidence-based practice A. The judicious use of current best evidence to make decisions regarding your individual clients B. The use of the same well-researched practice guidelines for all your patients C. A practice solely based on outcomes of research studies D. A practice that only applies to occupational therapists, not occupational therapy assistants

A. The judicious use of current best evidence to make decisions regarding your individual clients

Andre is a high school student who has been diagnosed with anxiety disorder. He is always concerned about his grades and spends most of his time in school and doing homework. When asked about his interests he says he enjoys singing and wants to participate in school musicals, but there is no time because he is always studying. He says he wants his daily schedule to be different but this is the way it has to be in order to succeed in school. Which of the following performance skills does this best represent? A. Time use and habits B. Motivation C. Communication and socialization D. Emotion

A. Time use and habits.

In the DSM-V, the diagnosis of PTSD falls into which of the following diagnostic categories? A. Trauma-Related and Stress-Related Disorders B. Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders C. Anxiety-Related Disorders D. Mood Dysregulation Disorders

A. Trauma-Related and Stress-Related Disorders

You are reading a study that is exploring the relationship between bipolar disorder and socioeconomic status . Which type of study does this best represent? A. Descriptive research B. Predictive research C. Efficacy research D. Assessment research

B. Predictive research

You have been asked to work with a 16-year-old male who is on the wrestling team. You begin you evaluation by asking him about his interests and how he spends his time. He responds that he doesn't do a lot because he's not very good at anything. He states that because he's not good at things, he doesn't have many friends. He doesn't think others would want anything to do with someone who can't do anything but wrestle, and that he actually isn't very good at wrestling, either. Which of the following 5 key cognitive concepts that impact volition does this best represent? A. Mood intolerance B. Core low self-esteem C. Perfectionism D. Interpersonal problems

B. Core low self-esteem

Which statement best describes the course of schizophrenia? A. Once individuals develop psychotic symptoms, they tend to experience the same symptoms throughout their lifetime B. Different individuals will have different experiences, but many individuals will have an improvement through time C. Most individuals develop schizophrenia late in life D. The course of schizophrenia is one of progressive deterioration

B. Different individuals will have different experiences, but many individuals will have an improvement through time

As a school employee, you are asked to work with a 7-year-old who has been having difficulty with school performance. You decide you want to administer an assessment that requires the child to engage in three tasks that assess task performance, executive functioning, and sensory-motor skills. Which assessment would be the best choice for this scenario? A. Executive function performance test B. Do-eat C. Multiple errands test D. Continuous performance test

B. Do-eat

The target of intervention in dialectical behavior therapy is which of the following? A. Increasing self-esteem B. Emotion regulation C. Anger management D. Independent living

B. Emotion regulation

One of the most frequent findings with regards to the neuroanatomical differences in people with schizophrenia is which of the following? A. Increase in cortical gray matter and diminution of cerebral ventricles B. Enlargement of cerebral ventricles and decrease in cortical gray matter C. Dopamine dysregulation D. Hypofrontaility in the frontal lobe of the brain

B. Enlargement of cerebral ventricles and decrease in cortical gray matter

Which of the following is most reflective of the course of obsessive-compulsive disorder? A. It is typically "outgrown" in early adulthood B. It is a chronic disorder C. It most commonly presents after the age of 40 D. It may present later in life as social anxiety

B. It is a chronic disorder

Which of the following most accurately reflects occupational performance as described by the Person-Environment-Occupation (PEO) model? A. It is the result of the interaction between volition, habituation, and performance skills B. It is the result of the dynamic interaction between the person, environment, and occupation C. It is mastery of a task caused by the interaction between volition, habituation, and performance skills D. It is mastery of a task caused by the interaction between the person, environment, and occupation

B. It is the result of the dynamic interaction between the person, environment, and occupation

One of the changes in the DSM-V from the previous edition is a change in the way the diagnosis is made with intellectual functioning. The level of intellectual disability is made is the result of which of the following? A. Intelligence quotient (IQ) score B. Level of adaptive functioning C. Level of communication skills D. Ability to live independently

B. Level of adaptive functioning

Your client from the previous question has been working on her plan to secure a job as a peer support specialist. As she is exploring what she needs to do in this role, she recognizes that although she knows about mental illness, she is not familiar with psychosocial rehab and will need to engage in education to increase her knowledge and skills in this area. This best exemplifies which of the following skills related to executive function? A. Problem-solving B. Metacognition C. Decision-making D. Concept formation

B. Metacognition

Tim is a college student who has an expressed interest in playing basketball. He has demonstrated good skills and has been invited to join an intramural team. Despite his performance skills and interests, he still doesn't participate. Which of the following performance skills does this best represent? A. Time use and habits B. Motivation C. Communication and socialization D. Emotion

B. Motivation

You are working with an adult client who is demonstrating impairments in cognition, which is impacting his ability to live independently. You decide you want to assess his executive functioning in a natural context. In particular, you want to assess his ability to make simple purchases at the grocery store. Which assessment would be the best choice for this scenario? A. Do-eat B. Multiple errands test C. Continuous performance test D. Executive function performance test

B. Multiple errands test

You are working with a new client and want to gather information on her lived experience with mental illness. You informally ask your client to tell you a little about herself. In addition, you ask about difficult ties in her life, as well as how it has been living with a mental illness. Which approach to gathering narrative information does this best represent? A. Structured interview B. Narrative interview C. Self-assessment D. Creative media

B. Narrative interview

As a school-based practitioner, you are working with a 10-year-old boy who has been sharing how he loves school. When he is not there, he is responsible for helping his mom clean-up around the house. He also enjoys computer games and spends a lot of time doing that on the weekends. He states he lives at home with his parents and two siblings, nothing that he has a good relationship with his family and they all seem to get along. When asked what he wants to do when he grows up, he responds he wants to be a firefighter and begins to tell you about his plan to make his dreams come true. According to the OTPF, this scenario is an example of an __________________ A. Analysis of occupational performance B. Occupational profile C. Occupational therapy referral D. Occupational therapy outcome

B. Occupational profile

Habit training us still seen in occupational therapy practice today. Which domain of the American Occupational Therapy Association Practice Framework best reflects this concept? A. Areas of occupation B. Performance patterns C. Performance skills D. Client Factors

B. Performance patterns

You are working with Pat on developing interpersonal relationships. During your sessions she demonstrates dramatic and erratic responses to past interpersonal relationships. When you attempt to discuss what happened in these past relationships, she becomes intensely emotional about situations you perceive to be out of proportion to the situation. As her emotions escalate, she has difficulty calming down and enters into extreme black and white thinking. In addition, Pat often has difficulty at the end of your sessions, fearful that you are abandoning her and won't be here when she returns for her next appointment. Which of the following personality disorders best reflects Pat's situation? A. Avoidant personality disorder B. Paranoid personality disorder C. Borderline personality disorder D. Schizotypal personality disorder

C. Borderline personality disorder

Which of the following is a consequence of decreased sleep in individuals with bipolar disorder that may impact occupational performance? A. Lower motivation B. Decreased self-esteem C. Cognitive decline D. Decreased psychotic symptoms

C. Cognitive decline

Which of the following is most reflective of trauma? A. Only those who are the direct recipient of a traumatic event are impacted by trauma B. Traumatic events are always intentional C. Cognitive, physical, and behavioral changes are common after a traumatic event D. Manifestation of trauma is consistent among individuals

C. Cognitive, physical, and behavioral changes are common after a traumatic event

According to evidence, which of the following is more reflective of a male's experience with eating disorders? A. Males experience anorexia more often than bulimia B. Males interested in diving and swimming are more at risk of developing an eating disorder compared with females C. Compared with females, males tend to use compulsive exercise to control weight more than purging D. Male jockeys are less likely to develop an eating disorder compared with female jockeys

C. Compared with females, males tend to use compulsive exercise to control weight more than purging

As an occupational therapy practitioner, it is important to gain an understanding of your client as an occupational being before working with that client to develop an intervention plan. Which of the following is the best way to obtain this perspective? A. Review the medical records B. Talk to other members of the interprofessional team C. Complete an evaluation D. Identify the key outcomes you want your client to attain

C. Complete an evaluation

When antidepressants are used to treat bipolar disorder, there is a risk of which of the following happening? A. Tardive dyskinesia B. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome C. Cycle acceleration and symptom exacerbation

C. Cycle acceleration and symptom exacerbation

Several factors associated with anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorder can negatively impact occupational performance. Which of the following is most representative of those factors? A. Anxiety disorders have a high rate of comorbid personality disorders B. Anxiety disorders have a lower rate of comorbid physical illness C. Decreased engagement in meaningful activities and relationships exists D. Increased impulsivity and hyperactivity exists

C. Decreased engagement in meaningful activities and relationships exists

Maddie is 4 years old. She was abandoned by her mother at the age of 1 and has been in an out of foster homes since that time. The longest she has been in one foster home is 6 months. Her current foster parents have expressed concern because she will go up to random adult strangers and starts talking to them and has even started following them when they end the conversation and leave the environment. Which stress-related disorder does this best describe? A. Posttraumatic stress disorder B. Adjustment disorder C. Disinhibited social engagement disorder D. Reactive attachment disorder

C. Disinhibited social engagement disorder

You are reading a study that is exploring the usefulness of cognitive behavioral therapy on individuals with depression. As you are appraising this study, you are concerned about threats to validity and how they may have impacted the usefulness of the interventions. Which type of study does this best represent? A. Descriptive research B. Predictive research C. Efficacy research D. Assessment research

C. Efficacy research

Evidence indicates that early intervention for individuals with schizophrenia should include cognitive remediation. Which of the following best describes a cognitive remediation intervention approach? A. Daily living skills training B. Adapting the cognitive aspects of a task C. Graded and repeated practice of cognitive-oriented task in the context of occupational performance D. Application of behavioral strategies to ADL and IADL skills

C. Graded and repeated practice of cognitive-oriented task in the context of occupational performance

Individuals diagnosed with personality disorders tend to experience minimal pleasure in life and demonstrate extreme and persistent responses t everyday situations, interfering with occupational functioning. Which of the four core areas associated with the inner experience and behaviors of personality disorders does this represent? A. Impulse control B. Cognition C. Interpersonal problems D. Affectivity

D. Affectivity

Compulsivity and perfectionism are common personality characteristics in which of the following eating disorders? A. Binging/purging disorder B. Binge eating disorder C. Bulimia nervosa D. Anorexia nervosa

D. Anorexia nervosa

Which of the personality disorders in the DSM-V cannot be diagnosed in individuals under 18 years of age? A. Narcissistic personality disorder B. Schizoid personality disorder C. Borderline personality disorder D. Antisocial personality disorder

D. Antisocial personality disorder

Which cultural group tends to have lower rates of substance use? A. Native Americans B. African Americans C. Hispanic Americans D. Asian Americans

D. Asian Americans

Individuals with schizophrenia are much more likely to die at a younger age than the general population, and most often that death is attributable to what condition? A. Cancer B. Dementia C. Suicide D. Cardiovascular disease

D. Cardiovascular disease

The current preferred term used to describe people who have one or more substance use disorders along with one or more mental disorders is which of the following? A. Dual diagnosis B. Chemical abuser with mental illness (CAM) C. Mentally ill chemical abuser (MICA) D. Co-occurring disorder

D. Co-occurring disorder

Which of the following is the most important consideration when choosing an assessment for the evaluation process? A. Assure it measures a multitude of constructs B. Ensure it summarizes an occupational history C. Considerations of rapport building D. Consideration of its validity and reliability

D. Consideration of its validity and reliability

It has been noted that Sarah has been avoiding her manager who has invited her to apply for the supervisory position. Her manager noted that whenever Sarah is confronted with a difficult situation, she becomes withdrawn or changes the subject to something more pleasant. Which of the following performance skills does this best represent? A. Cognition B. Cognitive beliefs C. Sensory processing D. Coping and resilience

D. Coping and resilience

As you are developing your study, you want to make sure that the data is trustworthy, an accurate representation of participants' experience, and free from bias. Therefore, you decide to corroborate your data with those of other researchers to come to a consensus regarding the findings. Which of the 4 characteristics of trustworthiness does this represent? A. Transferability B. Dependability C. Confirmability D. Credibility

D. Credibility

Camilla was recently admitted to the inpatient psychiatric unit because of depression. She recently graduated from college with honors with a degree in accounting but has been unable to find a job. Because of financial constraints, she needed to move home with her parents in the suburbs. There are opportunities but not close to her home and she has no way to get to a job because of her lack of transportation. As an occupational therapy practitioner, you are using a holistic approach to evaluate Camilla. Which of the following best describes her barrier to occupational participation? A. Cognition B. Time use and habits C. Coping and resilience D. Environment

D. Environment

Principles of trauma-informed care include all but which of the following? A. Environment, voice, and choice B. Collaboration and mutuality C. Trustworthiness and transparency D. Evidence-based evaluation and intervention

D. Evidence-based evaluation and intervention

Which of the following is the most accurate statement regarding the prevalence and course of eating disorders? A. It is the least prevalent psychotic condition of young women B. Bulimia tends to be a chronic health condition C. Binge eating disorders tend to be more common in younger people compared with other eating disorders D. Individuals with anorexia have a life span 25 years shorter than the general population

D. Individuals with anorexia have a life span 25 years shorter than the general population

According to the Person-Environment-Occupation (PEO) model, the environment is "the context within which occupational performance takes place" and is composed of four environmental elements. Which of the following is an environmental element according to this model? A. Temporal B. Spiritual C. Virtual D. Institutional

D. Institutional

Levels of evidence are one method used to examine the quality of efficacy studies. According to Sacket et al, a study examining the effectiveness of an intervention on one group of individuals without the use of a control group is identified as _______________. A. Level I evidence B. Level II evidence C. Level III evidence D. Level IV evidence

D. Level IV evidence

A humanistic treatment approach had a major impact on the formation of occupational therapy and is still an important aspect of occupational therapy's philosophy. Which 19th century theory can this approach be attributed to? A. Mental Hygiene Movement B. Reductionistic Movement C. Arts and Crafts Movement D. Moral Treatment

D. Moral Treatment

As an occupational therapy practitioner working with individuals with substance use disorder, you want to use an approach where you establish a rapport with your client and help the individual identify why he or she wants to change the behavior. Which approach does this best represent? A. Screening brief intervention and referral to treatment B. Cognitive behavioral therapy C. Mindfulness meditation D. Motivational interviewing

D. Motivational interviewing

Which of the following was not included in the list of adverse childhood experiences done by Filitti et al. (1998)? A. Parental marital discord B. Domestic violence C. Crime in the home D. Natural disasters

D. Natural disasters

Which of the following most accurately reflects a self-reported barrier to receiving intervention for substance use disorders? A. Potential positive impacts on the job B. No social supports to stop using C. Increased knowledge of treatment resources D. Not ready to stop using

D. Not ready to stop using

Which of the following is most descriptive of the impact of social anxiety on occupational performance? A. Refusal to participate in activities outside the home increases family relationships B. Participation in activities away from the primary attachment figure may be negatively impacted C. It negatively impacts activities of daily living D. Participation in activities such as work or school are negatively impacted

D. Participation in activities such as work or school are negatively impacted

What is the definition of press? A. The individual is able to mold or "press" the environment into a structure that is beneficial to him/her B. Press is considered to be the supportive aspect of the environment C. Press is defined as aspects of the environment that constrain occupational performance D. Press consists of aspects of the environment, coupled with the needs of the individual that evoke a specific response

D. Press consists of aspects of the environment, coupled with the needs of the individual that evoke a specific response

You have a client with depression who wants to return to work. After exploring her work-related interests, she indicates she wants to be a peer support specialist at the local psychosocial rehabilitation agency. With your guidance, she develops a plan to achieve her work-related goal. This best exemplifies which of the following skills related to executive function? A. Concept formation B. Metacognition C. Decision-making D. Problem-solving

D. Problem-solving

A pervasive pattern of detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of expression of emotions in interpersonal settings, beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts is characteristic of which of the following personality disorders A. Antisocial personality disorder B. Paranoid personality disorder C. Schizotypal personality disorder D. Schizoid personality disorder

D. Schizoid personality disorder

Which of the following most accurately defines how an occupational therapist can support someone in recovery? A. The OT should focus on improving client factors B. The OT should encourage the individual to maintain medication compliance C. The OT should set goals for the individual based on the individual's deficit areas D. The OT should assess areas of occupation the individual wants to engage in and complete an analysis of occupational performance to identify skills and abilities that support or impede engagement

D. The OT should assess areas of occupation the individual wants to engage in and complete an analysis of occupational performance to identify skills and abilities that support or impede engagement

Ray is a 21-year-old college student who has been demonstrating an inability to sustain attention for extended periods of time. He states he notices this problem is worse at night when he is trying to study. Because of this inability to sustain attention he has been having difficulty completing assignments and his performance on examinations has been declining. Which aspect of attention does this best represent? A. Selective attention B. Automatic and controlled processing C. Divided attention D. Vigilance

D. Vigilance

Body focused repetitive disorders are usually preceded by which of the following? A. fear and worry B. depression and anxiety C. anxiety and fear D. anxiety and boredom

D. anxiety and boredom

People who have panic disorder may experience a feeling of detachment as if one is an outside observer of one's mental processes, body or actions. This is which of the following? A. desensitization B. dissociation C. derealization D. depersonalization

D. depersonalization