mgmt 318 ch 5

5 days

You have estimated the following times for an activity a (optimistic time) = 2 days b (pessimistic time) = 12 days m (most likely time) = 4 days What is the expected time (ET) for this activity?

Project milestone

A specific event that should be reached at a certain point in time is often referred to as?

Amount of time Sequence of activities

Gantt charts show which of the following?

is on the critical path.

If a delay of an activity delays the entire project, then this activity

1. Prepare a CPM-type network diagram 2. Determine the cost per unit of time to expedite each activity 3. Compute the critical path 4. Shorten the critical path at the least cost 5. Plot direct, indirect, and total-cost curves, and find the minimum-cost schedule

Sort the steps in the crashing procedure from first to last. Instructions

crashing

Shortening the duration of an activity is known as

matrix

the ________ project structure minimizes the duplication of resources?

a company's strategic strategy.

A firm should have a mix of projects that best support

It is possible to have multiple critical paths.

A project has how many critical paths?

pure

A project where all members of the team work on the project full time is an example of which project organizational structure?

start; finish

A schedule that completes the project and all its activities as soon as possible is known as an early __________ or early ____ schedule

a late start schedule

A schedule that delays each activity as long as possible without delaying the overall project completion is known as _____.

Early start schedule

A schedule that lists all activities by their early start times is a(n)?

Work to be completed and proposed schedule Budget performance measures Completion steps or milestones

A statement of work (SOW) should include:

Starting and completion times for a group of activities Description of what is to be done Performance measures

A work package includes which of the following elements?

Immediate predecessors

Activities that need to be completed immediately before an activity are?

People constraints

All of the following are constraints addressed in project management except:

process

All of the following are types of project organization structures except:

selecting new partners. outsourcing major activities. selecting carriers.

Alliance & Partnership during project execution involves activities such as

a method for evaluating the success of a project.

Earned value management, when properly applied, provides:

time-cost model

Extending the critical path model to consider the trade-off between activity time and activity cost is known as the

Platform project

Identify the type of project that primarily involves fundamental improvements to existing products.

4 days

If the optimistic estimate of an activity's completion is 3 days and the pessimistic estimate is 15 days, what is the estimated variance (σ2) of the activity's completion time?

pure

If you are part of a self-contained project team working full time on a project, you are most likely experiencing the ______ project structure.

immediate

In a network diagram, the activities that need to be completed directly before another activity are known as _____ predecessors.

The expected duration

In the following identification of Activity C, the number represents which of the following? C(4)

Prototype testing Completion of design Production of a prototype

Milestones for a project can include:

develop a minimum-cost schedule. control expenditures.

The time-cost model attempts to

the optimistic time (a). the pessimistic time (b).

The variance of an activity's completion time requires knowledge of

gantt

To show the amount of time associated with an activity, as well as the sequence of activities, a project manager could use a chart.

true

True or false: One advantage of the pure project structure is that the project manager has full authority over the project.

true

True or false: The process change area of projects accommodates activities such as new equipment purchases or upgrading current process.

false

True or false: Typically, a task is performed by multiple groups or organizations.

Statement of work

What term best describes the written description of the objectives to be achieved in a project?

work package

What term describes the group of activities assigned to a single organizational unit?

functional

When a project is housed within a functional division, such as manufacturing, it is called a ________ project.

three time estimates

When a single time estimate of an activity completion time is not reliable, you should use

task and subtasks

When breaking down a project into smaller elements, what terms are used to describe the subdivisions?

expected time

When calculating the critical path for a three time estimate project, you use the ______________ as the activity duration time.

4

When calculating the expected completion time, the most likely time is weighted ____ times more than the optimistic and pessimistic times.

on the critical path with the lowest crash cost per day.

When crashing a project, the first activity you choose as a candidate for crashing should be

expected / estimated

When three time estimates are used to estimate the activity time, critical path calculation should use the _______ completion time for each activity.

expected time

When working on time-cost trade-off projects, which of the following pieces of information is not required?

Inventory control

Which of the following is NOT a major project category?

Project team members may be worried about their employment after the project is completed.

Which of the following is a disadvantage of the pure project structure?

Platform Breakthrough Derivative

Which of the following is a general type of project?

Most likely time (m) Pessimistic time (b) Optimistic time (a)

Which of the following is needed to calculate the expected time (ET) of an activity?

penalty fees

Which of the following is not a direct activity cost?

major

Which of the following is not a form of a matrix project?

Postponing the start of the entire project

Which of the following is not a motivation for using a late start schedule?

Place

Which of the following is not a resource considered in project management?

Calculate the shortest path.

Which of the following is not a step in the critical path method (CPM)?

pure project

Which project organization structure uses a self-contained team working full time on a single project?

matrix project

Which project organization structure uses team members who are assigned from the functional units and has a dedicated project manager?

matrix

Which project organizational structure blends properties of functional and pure strategies?

Earned value management

Which technique combines measures of scope, schedule and cost for evaluating project progress?

functional

in a _______ project structure, team members do not report to a dedicated manager, but remain part of their functional units.

crashing

in the _____ process of a project, the duration of an activity is reduced.

the longest chain of activities in a project.

The critical path is

1. Identify each activity and its duration 2. Construct a network showing the precedence relationships among activities 3. Determine the critical path 4. Determine the early start/early finish and late start/late finish schedule

Rank the steps in the critical path method (CPM) from first to last.

indirect costs

The costs associated with sustaining a project are referred to as