MGMT 340: leadership

In the context of behavioral dimensions of leadership identified in the Ohio State Studies, __________ is the extent to which a person's job relationships are characterized by mutual trust, respect for employees' ideas, and regard for their feelings.

consideration

According to the situational leadership theory, if employees are unwilling and unable, the appropriate leadership style in this situation would be ________. A) participative B) democratic C) person-oriented D) directive E) supportive

directive

According to the situational theory, if followers are unable and unwilling to do a task, then a leader needs to __________. A.Follow a supportive style B.Reframe from providing too many inputs C.Display high task and relationship orientation D.Engage in participative leadership E.Participate in high task and low relationship orientation

display high task and relationship orientation

According to the LMX theory, a leader implicitly categorizes followers as "in" or "out" ________.

early in the interaction

Trait theories most accurately predict _____________.

emergence of a leader

a transactional leader is likely to

A) reward employees for the work that they have done, thus recognizing accomplishments

according to the situational leadership theory, a follower with the desired ability and willingness is likely to be __________.

comfortable in his ability to do the job well

Dora Lee has just completed and scored the LPC questionnaire given to her during an evaluation exercise. She is surprised when she finds out that she described her least preferred co-worker in relatively positive terms because she recalls being particularly annoyed by this difficult co-worker several times in the past. Based on your understanding of Fiedler's model, you explain to Dora that her LPC score makes sense within the model because ________. A) Dora tends to become very dominating when given ambiguous tasks B) Dora is usually much more focused on productivity than on developing relationships C) Dora tends in general to focus on building good relationships with the other employees D) Dora has a spotty work history and has tended to switch jobs every couple of years E) Dora is usually chosen for positions of high responsibility within your organization

Dora tends in general to focus on building good relationships with the other employees

Emotional intelligence (EI) is critical to effective leadership because one of its core components is ________ which reflects the consideration that leaders must be able to express.

Empathy

Which of the following is a desirable feature of leadership?

coexistence of leaders and managers

Trevor Guerney is a manager who believes that those who are to be affected by a change must be involved in the change. Consequently, he always ensures that his subordinates have the knowledge of what is happening around them, and he often holds meetings to obtain employee opinion and suggestions before making any decision that would apply to them. Similarly, Trevor's team proactively approaches him with problems and potential solutions as they know he will not respond by criticizing them. From the information provided in the scenario, we can say that ________. A) Trevor's leadership is primarily task-oriented B) Trevor's team has a low degree of trust propensity C) Trevor's team requires more directive leadership D) Trevor's team has positive leader-member relations E) Trevor's team is unsatisfied with his power position

Trevor's team has positive leader-member relations

In the context of behavioral dimensions of leadership identified in the Ohio State Studies, initiating structure refers to the extent to which ________. A) a person's job relationships are characterized by mutual trust, respect for employees' ideas, and regard for their feelings B) a leader engages in participative management C) a leader is accepting of and respects individual differences among various team members D) a leader is likely to define and organize his or her role and those of employees in the search for goal attainment E) a leader initiates efforts to communicate personally with employees

a leader is likely to define and organize his or her role and those of employees in the search for goal attainment

least preferred co-worker (LPC) questionnaire is used to measure whether ________.

a leader is task or relationship oriented

which of the following dimensions of trust is defined as an individual's technical and interpersonal knowledge and skills?

ability

fielder's contingency leadership model assumes that _____.

an individuals leadership style is essentially fixed

according to evidence, what is the first step a charismatic leader takes to influence followers?

articulating an appealing vision

transformational leaders enhance performance of employees by _________

building consensus among employees

which theory of leadership proposed that followers attribute heroic or extraordinary leadership abilities when they observe certain behaviors?

charismatic leadership theory

Maurice Harper is a friendly and warm manager who starts her day at work by personally greeting her colleagues and subordinates. Maurice is often seen listening sincerely to employees' concerns and problems. She takes the initiative to hold programs to renew and improve the skills of current employees. Most of her employees know that she is accessible for help and information at all times. Maurice is a(n) ________ leader. A) achievement-oriented B) transaction-oriented C) employee-oriented D) production-oriented E) task-oriented

employee-oriented

the university of michigan studies define a(n) _________ leaeder as one who takes a personal interest in the needs of his/her subordinates

employee-oriented

the two dimensions of leadership behavior identified in the university of michigan studies are __________

employee-oriented leaders and production-oriented leaders

Which of the following Big Five personality traits has been identified as the most important trait in effective leaders

extraversion

Nellie Fritz, the head of client support services at Olson Inc., is very popular among her subordinates. Many believe that Nellie has a knack for getting the work done without making the employees feel pushed into a corner. She is often seen speaking to her subordinates and support staff about their families, helping them with any personal problems they have, and praising employees for their good work. In light of the Ohio State Studies, this indicates that Nellie, as a leader, is ________. A) task oriented B) high in consideration C) low in trust propensity D) low in relationship orientation E) production oriented

high in consideration

Adrian Atwood, a senior manager at MNC, spends a lot of his time assigning group members to particular tasks and scheduling their work such that deadlines are achievable. Adrian also sets high expectations for standards of performance and holds regular meetings to ensure that productivity and quality are up to the mark. In the light of the Ohio State Studies, this indicates that Adrian, as a leader, is ________. A) low in task orientation B) high in consideration C) relationship oriented D) employee oriented E) high in initiating structure

high in initiating structure

According to fiedler contingency model, high managerial control is characterizel by _________.

high task structure, good leader-member relations, and strong position power

In terms of the full range of leadership models, which leadership behavior represents the most active and effective approach for leaders?

idealized influence

In her first few weeks at the marketing division of Rolland Retails, Judith Cox realized that Joshua, Doug, and Carl were closer to her manager, Eric Scott, than the other five team members. Eric, Joshua, Doug, and Carl came to work at the same time, were seen together at the cafeteria, and stayed late and worked when the need arose. In contrast to them, the other five members did the routine jobs assigned to them and their interactions lacked the understanding and camaraderie that eric shared with others. joshua, doug, and carl make up eric's

in group

which of the following leadership behaviors is likely to differentiate transactional and transformational leaders?

individualized consideration

the ohio state studies narrowed the independent dimensions of leader behavior to two that substantially accounted for most of the leadership behavior described by employees: consideration and

initiating structure

a long-term strategy for attaining a goal by linking the present with a better future for the organization is defined as a(n):

vision

In her first few weeks at the marketing division of Rolland Retails, Judith Cox realized that Joshua, Doug, and Carl were closer to her manager, Eric Scott, than the other five team members. Eric, Joshua, Doug, and Carl came to work at the same time, were seen together at the cafeteria, and stayed late and worked when the need arose. While Judith was in training, she received very good feedback from Eric, and as she transitioned to the floor, she felt that Eric was giving her interesting projects, allowing her more freedom, and seeking her opinion frequently. The information provided in the scenario supports the prediction that ________. A) Judith will develop low trust propensity toward Eric. B) Joshua, Doug, and Carl will display low trust propensity in Judith. C) Eric's ingroup will remain a reference group for Judith permanently. D) Judith will become a part of Eric's ingroup in the marketing division. E) Judith will have lower levels of identification-based trust with Eric when compared to other trainees.

judith will become part of eric's in-group in the marketing division

In terms of the full range of leadership models, which leadership behavior is the least effective? A) management by exception (active) B) contingent reward C) management by exception (passive) D) individualized consideration E) laissez-faire

laissez-faire

which of the following leadership theories argues that because of time pressures, leaders establish a special relationship with a small group of their subordinates - the in-group, who are trusted, get a disproportionate amount of the leader's attention, and are more likely to receive special privileges?

leader-member exchange (LMX)

fielder defines the degree of confidence, trust, and respect that subordinates have in their leader as _______.

leader-member relations

Maura Ruiz has been working in the e-learning industry for over eight years. She is aware of the fact that in this industry, once an employee has learned his or her job, the work becomes fairly automatic and competence can be achieved rapidly. She has been noticing how in her team, this competence has come along with a lot of complacency; the employees, though able, are unwilling to work hard. According to the situational leadership theory, to rectify this situation, Maura would benefit the most if she uses the ________ style of leadership. A) task-oriented B) production-oriented C) participative D) directive E) autocratic

participative

which of the following theories of leadership is based on situational variables?

path-goal theory

in the context of fiedler's model, the situational dimension termed _____ related to the degree of influence a leader has over important variable such as hiring, firing, discipline, promotions, and salary increases.

position power

If a leader's main concern is accomplishing his or her group's tasks, the University of Michigan studies label this leader ________. A) employee-oriented B) high in consideration C) relationship-oriented D) low in initiating structure E) production-oriented

production-oriented

Norman has been working in the sales division for a large manufacturing company for four months. In this short period of time, Norman has learned that Mr. Hill, his manager, keeps increasing monthly targets significantly, and though each time the target appears unrealistic, Norman has been able to achieve them throughout the last four months. Mr. Lee's approach of leading his employees to work more efficiently by setting successively higher targets is an example of his ________ leadership. A) employee-oriented B) consideration-based C) person-oriented D) production-oriented E) support-oriented

production-oriented

Tim Wrench was leading the client services division of AmWeb for seven years when he was asked to move to another region where the company was setting up its office. Before moving, Tim was asked to help in finding a successor for him from his team. Tim's most obvious choice was Judy Judge, and the management accepted his choice as Judy was a popular person across the company. Judy was known for her vivacious nature, was often seen speaking to employees from various divisions, and was always excited to take up a new opportunity. Once she became a leader, she continued to give employees freedom and flexibility even if it resulted in deficiencies on the work front like missed deadlines or low quality. Judy's initial weeks as a leader were full of confusion among her team members, but many felt that the situation would come under control. When things did not improve in the next two months and many complaints poured in from clients, the management realized that Judy was not the best candidate to lead the team. Which of the following, if true, would best explain this outcome? A) Judy was a high-performing employee and enjoyed good relationships with everyone on the team. B) Everyone felt Judy was given insufficient time to prove her worth as a leader. C) Research has shown that traits can predict the emergence of a leader, but not his or her efficiency as a leader. D) The client complaints were a common thing encountered by the company. E) Judy demonstrated low levels of consideration and high levels of task-orientation.

research has shown that traits can predict the emergence of a leader, but not his/her efficiency as a leader.

which of the following theoretical approaches in the study of leadership focuses on followers' readiness as a determinant of effective leadership?

situational leadership theory

contingency theories focus on the _________ impact leadership success.

situational variables

which of the following situational dimensions identified by fielder relates to the degree to which job assignments are procedurized, that is, structured or unstructured?

task structure

Leadership is best defined as ________. A) the ability to merely project one's abilities in the lack of actual accomplishments B) the ability to reduce the dependence of team members on each other C) the ability to induce the team members to focus on individual goals rather than collective goals D) the ability to influence a group toward the achievement of a vision or set of goals E) the ability to use factors like training and experience to reduce dependence on formal leadership

the ability to influence a group toward the achievement of goals

Trait theories of leadership focus on ___________.

the personal qualities and characteristics that differentiate leaders from nonleaders

Leaders who function primarily by clarifying role and task requirements to accomplish established goals exhibit a(n) ________ style of leadership. A) transformational B) transactional C) charismatic D) laissez-faire E) employee-oriented

transactional

______ leaders inspire followers to transcend their self-interests for the good of the organization and can have an extraordinary effect on their followers.

transformational