MGMT chap 1
Henry was a follower of Frederick Taylor, and he developed the _____ to create a clear visual picture of the order in which tasks must be completed.
Gantt chart
A manager typically spends the least amount of time: Establishing plans and goals Monitoring work outcomes Communicating In quiet reflection alone in his or her office
In quiet reflection alone in his or her office
Which of the following activities is most likely to be a part of top manager;s work in a typical day? A. Reinforcing the values and culture of the organization through his actions B. Helping two employees who do not get along resolve their difficulties C. Interviewing and hiring new retail employees D. Translating the strategy of the organization into the divisional goals and objectives
Reinforcing the values and culture of the organization through his actions
Suppose you want to know if more technical service calls are made to homes with cable television or with satellite dish television. Should you use frequencies or relative frequencies to make the comparison? Why?
Relative frequencies should be used since there is likely a difference in the number of users of cable and satellite television. If you make comparisons using frequencies, the results can be very misleading for different population sizes.
After constructing any relative frequency distribution, what should be the sum of the relative frequencies?
1 to 100%
Top managers spend an average of ___ minutes on a task before they have to switch to another one.
9
domination
An approach to dealing with conflict in which one party satisfies its desires and objectives at the expense of the other party's desires and objectives
impact of management attention
Elton Mayo
Mintzberg placed managerial work roles into which of the following categories? Check all that apply. Decisional Informational Executive Interpersonal Interorganizational
Informational, Decisional, Interpersonal
Communication
Mary Parker Follett
The skills that Jack is failing to use are important for ____
all managers
The ________ is much lower for vendors that sell to Walmart than it is for a vendor that sells to a small local market.
bargaining power of suppliers
One tactic for changing an organization's culture,____requires managers and employees to replace old behaviors with new behaviors.
behavioral substitution
Terrariums are _____, because they do not need to bring resources such as water or air in from the outside environment to survive.
closed systems
Mary is a baker who makes the most beautiful and delicious cakes in the city. Unfortunately, her cakes are also very expensive, because for every finished cake she produces, she throws away three cakes that aren't just right. Mary is
effective but not efficient
The idea that a manager's job is to tell others what to do is most commonly associated with managers who have been on the job_____
less than six months .
As Daniel receives information from the senior director of product marketing, Daniel fills the role of______
monitor
Companies with high supplier dependence may find that their suppliers exhibit___ taking advantage of the relationship to charge more for the goods and services the suppliers provide.
opportunistic behavior,
People like Herb Kelleher of Southwest Airlines are____who represent the best qualities of the company.
organizational heroes
identify the managerial function illustrated.: A construction project manager from Iron Horse Construction puts together a team of experts to design the development of a new property on the top of a very steep ridge. The team includes geotechnical consultants, erosion control specialists, and contractors.
organizing
A manager who is setting quarterly goals for the department is engaged in the_____ function of management.
planning
identify the managerial function illustrated. Adam Klein, eMusic's CEO, determines that the company will continue its strategy of selling subscription services, while at the same time designing a website that will appeal to nonsubscribers.
planning
Companies that use the ________ adaptive strategy actively seek out new customers and take risks to bring imaginative products to marke
prospectors
Comprised of customers, competitors, suppliers, industry regulations, and advocacy groups, the___ influences specific companies and industries.
specific environment
Team leaders and first-line managers use ____ more than middle- or top-level managers.
technical skills
Max is explaining what Rebecca needs to do to drive this bulldozer. Max is replying on his ____ skills to operate the machinery effectively during the training session. If the skills that Max is using now make up a majority of the skills he needs on the job, Max is most likely a________
technical skills / first-line manager
"Have you looked carefully at your workers' movements? If you break each worker's job down into the smallest possible tasks, you can redesign the job to use fewer motions and make it more efficient."
Scientific management emphasizes the scientific study of work, with the idea that managers can find the most efficient way to work and then train all employees to work that way. Although some critics say that using scientific management techniques exploits workers, Frederick Taylor, Frank and Lillian Gilbreth, and Henri Fayol wanted managers and employees to work together to meet the goals of both parties. For managers, this means helping employees work more efficiently, and for employees, this means getting paid for what they produce.
Which management perspective was shared by dinner guests Frederick W. Taylor, Frank Gilbreth, and Henry Gantt?
Scientific management perspective
closed systems
Systems that can sustain themselves without interacting with their environments
What is an activity most likely to be a part of a first-line managers work in a typical day?
Teaching a new employee how to use the company's workflow management system
Which of the statements below is true concerning bar graphs?
The height of each bar represents the category's frequency or relative frequency.
Coca-Cola's Coke Classic business would receive a ________ designation from the Boston Consulting Group because it has a large share of a slow-growing market.
cash cow
A company's ________ is a core strength that makes people want to do business with that company.
competitive advantage
A company is operating in a ___when its business is affected by a large number of environmental factors.
complex environment
High-tech companies often operate in a _____, forcing them to change their business practices and products rapidly in order to remain competitive.
dynamic environment
By playing games produced by competing social-gaming companies, Daniel is fulfilling the role of a .
monitor
Managers often consider a ________ strategy when decision whether diversification is the right approach for their company.
portfolio
Proctor & Gamble's ________ minimizes risk by selling a large number of diverse products.
portfolio strategy
Another person noticed the steering committee lacked anyone with a marketing background. He suggested adding an AOM member with marketing experience, possibly creating a committee that is more productive than one in which each member works alone. In other words, the marketing expert may create: _____
synergy
"Are your employees reporting to more than one supervisor? Companies operate more efficiently when there is unity of command."
Administrative principles theorists focus on the total organization and on identifying management guidelines that will help the company operate more effectively. Henri Fayol identified five functions of management—planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating, and controlling—and 14 management principles, including qualification-based hiring, merit-based promotion, scalar chains of command, and division of labor.
Acceptance of authority
Chester Barnard
Teams
Elton mayo
Coordination
Mary Parker Follett
Oviedo talks of empowering her staff to execute—giving them knowledge about why decisions are made and opportunities to make their own suggestions.___ was an early proponent of this approach.
Mary Parker Follett
Suppose a newspaper surveys 250 adults in a nearby town and inquires about their cell phone carrier. The accompanying table summarizes the results. Does this table describe a relative frequency distribution? Why or why not? Carrier Percent Carrier A 30 Carrier B 30 Carrier C 10 Carrier D 20 Carrier E 5
No. The sum of the relative frequencies is 95%, not 100%.
Gantt chart
: A graphical chart that shows which tasks must be completed at which times to complete a project or task
rate buster
A group member whose work pace is significantly faster than the normal pace in his or her group
system
A set of interrelated elements or parts that function as a whole
"Carl, make sure your managers are spending time in five different areas: planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating, and controlling. If they're overlooking an area, the company won't be as effective."
Administrative principles theorists focus on the total organization and on identifying management guidelines that will help the company operate more effectively. Henri Fayol identified five functions of management—planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating, and controlling—and 14 management principles, including qualification-based hiring, merit-based promotion, scalar chains of command, and division of labor.
compromise
An approach to dealing with conflict in which both parties give up some of what they want in order to reach agreement on a plan to reduce or settle the conflict
Which of the following terms best describe a manager's work? Varied (Work changes frequently) Brief (Work occurs in small segments) Continuous (Managers usually finish one piece of work before moving on to the next) Reflective (Managers spend a large amount of time thinking about things)
Brief (Work occurs in small segments) Varied (Work changes frequently)
"Are you promoting people just because you like them? Try having managers make promotion decisions solely on the basis of a person's technical ability to do the work."
Bureaucratic management emphasizes using standard procedures, written rules, and professional managers to improve the efficiency of the entire organization. Max Weber outlined seven elements of a bureaucracy, including promoting people on the basis of skills and expertise rather than politics and defining jobs on the basis of tasks rather than people.
"Carl, you've owned the company for a long time, but have you ever considered hiring a professional manager to oversee day-to-day operations? Professional managers can help make sure your company follows rational, impersonal rules, which will help you to increase efficiency."
Bureaucratic management emphasizes using standard procedures, written rules, and professional managers to improve the efficiency of the entire organization. Max Weber outlined seven elements of a bureaucracy, including promoting people on the basis of skills and expertise rather than politics and defining jobs on the basis of tasks rather than people.
Cooperation
Chester Barnard
When Gina meets with the vendor from the creative firm, she is assuming the role of... A. Liaison B. Figurehead C. Disturbance Handler D. Leader
Liaison
Which of the management theorists attending the dinner was the first woman to receive a PhD in industrial/organizational psychology?
Lillian Gilbreth
Which of the following dinner attendees developed the idea of bureaucratic management?
Max Weber
"Have you considered paying workers for what they produce? I found that when I paid employees by the piece, their productivity went up."
Scientific management emphasizes the scientific study of work, with the idea that managers can find the most efficient way to work and then train all employees to work that way. Although some critics say that using scientific management techniques exploits workers, Frederick Taylor, Frank and Lillian Gilbreth, and Henri Fayol wanted managers and employees to work together to meet the goals of both parties. For managers, this means helping employees work more efficiently, and for employees, this means getting paid for what they produce.
Mumford, Campion, and Morgeson studied approximately 1,000 managers, spread across junior, midlevel, and senior-level positions. They were interested in knowing how different levels of managers used four types of skills: cognitive, interpersonal, business, and strategic. The following graph shows the results of their study. What can management researchers infer based on this study? Check all that apply.
The difference between the levels of skills needed for junior versus senior managers is greatest for business and strategic skills. The need for all four types of skills rises as management levels rise.
A company is said to have ________ when it continues to pursue strategies or produce products that have worked in the past but are no longer appropriate for the company's current environment.
competitive inertia
Amgen's ____, "To serve patients," may be one of the world's shortest.
company mission
A____involves a systematic review of companies that have the potential to steal your customers.
competitive analysis
Noel and Christian used _____ to reach an agreement about how much vacation time Noel should have; Noel asked for four weeks, Christian offered two weeks, and they settled on three weeks.
compromise
Here, Deshane is reviewing blueprints for his company's latest building as he plans a long-term strategy for where the company should build in the next 10 years. Deshane is using ________ skills to complete this task.
conceptual
Imagine you are a member of the Academy of Management (AOM) and on the steering committee to choose a location for the organization's annual meeting. When making the recommendation, you will explain which management theory was used to make that choice. If your recommendation is based on analyzing a variety of circumstances because no single management theory applies to all situations, you are applying which approach to management?
contingency management
A manager who is reviewing employee productivity reports is engaged in the _______ function of management.
controlling
identify the managerial function illustrated. Dow Chemical CEO Andrew Liveris checks financial reports to see whether Dow has met its financial goals for the quarter.
controlling
Next, you look at the problems in the department. Liam's idea that a strong leader could pull the group together is very similar to Chester Barnard's concept of ______ in organizations.
coordination Chester Barnard emphasized cooperation in his writings about management, so the advice to coordinate work through goal setting is consistent with his ideas. In addition, Barnard said that to be effective, a manager's orders must be understood, consistent with the purpose of the organization, and compatible with people's personal interests, and people must be able to carry them out. Paying attention to the team is advice consistent with Elton Mayo's findings in the Hawthorne Studies, while focusing on power with, not over, your employees comes from Mary Parker Follett's approach to management.
A manager assumes the ______ when he sends a report outlining suggested productivity improvements to his direct reports.
disseminator role
A manager assumes the ______ when she takes immediate action to stop an employee from embezzling company funds.
disturbance handler role
An organization that has a variety of employees and clients, with regard to age, sex, race/ethnicity, personality, and attitudes is said to exhibit ________
diversity
Makita, the lead negotiator for the labor union, used ____ in wage negotiations, arguing for, and getting, a salary increase regardless of the impact it had on the company.
domination
Next, you look at the problems in the department. Destiny and Marjorie seem to be using the ___ approach to conflict resolution that Mary Parker Follett warned against.
domination
The marketing manager's _____ was high—his team created presentations that increased sales by 30%, far exceeding the organization's goals.
effectiveness
the marketing manager's ___ was high- his team created presentations that increased sales by 30%, exceeding goals
effectiveness
A person who seeks out the company of others and is communicative and animated exhibits a high degree of ________.
extraversion
In general, managers work__ than their employees do
faster and harder
When Gina participates in the company's internal competition, The Strategist, she will be assuming the role of... A. Spokesperson B. Liaison C. Figurehead D. Disseminator
figurehead
Holding positions such as office manager and shift supervisor, _______ encourage, monitor, and reward the employees who produce a company's goods and services.
first-line manager
In general, managers work ____ than their employees do.
harder and faster
Most employees are initially attracted to management positions because they_________
have power and are in charge of the organization
Here, Jack is yelling at Samantha because she was late last week. Unfortunately, the whole office can hear. Now Samantha is not only upset, but also angry and planning to go to Human Resources to file a complaint against Jack. In this case, Jack's ____ skills failed.
human
On your first day as a driver for Road-O-Rama Freight, you realize that something just isn't right. Trucks go out half full and drivers often get the wrong addresses, so freight doesn't arrive at its destination. In this case, Road-O-Rama Freight is _____.
neither effective nor efficient
One steering committee member insists that the AOM choose the location by using state-of-the-art information management to compile data about member locations and members' history of attending past annual meetings. This reflects which approach to management?
information management
A manager assumes the ______ when she gives her employees rewards for accomplishing organizational goals.
leader role
identify the managerial function illustrated. In a Southwest Airlines report, CEO Gary Kelly writes, "We credit our success to our Employees, who are our most valuable asset and our competitive advantage."
leading
Someone who is new to_______ is likely to find that one of the most difficult parts of his or her job is getting work done through others.
management
A frequency distribution lists the _________ of occurrences of each category of data, while a relative frequency distribution lists the _________ of occurrences of each category of data.
number, proportion
identify the managerial function illustrated. Apple's CEO, Tim Cook, works with the board of directors to predict the amount of dividends the company will pay in the future.
planning
A number of librarians were angry that HarperCollins restricted the number of times e-books could be checked out. They contacted newspapers and online sources, using ____to encourage a boycott of HarperCollins books.
public communications
Enrico has been called a_______, because he regularly produces more than the other workers on the assembly line.
rate buster
When Daniel makes decisions about the types and amounts of resources the company will allow for the Dragon of Atlantis product, Daniel is acting as a________
resource allocator
Two competing companies have ________ when they have approximtely the same number of employees, the same number or retail locations, and the same amount of money in the bank.
resource similarity
National Semiconductor exhibited a ________ when it went through multiple rounds of yearly layoffs.
retrenchment strategy
If these skills make up a majority of the skills Deshane uses on the job, he is most likely a ______ manager .
senior
When the lead engineer tells Daniel about the engineering team's work, the engineer is serving as a
spokesperson
AT&T may benchmark itself against other companies in its ________ (such as Verizon, Sprint, Nextel, and T-Mobile) to identify strategic threats and opportunities
strategic group
Suppose that an organization with good information is twice as effective as one without good information, and that an organization with good employees is twice as effective as one without good employees. On the other hand, an organization with good information and good employees is 10 times more effective than one without good information or good employees. This is known as ____
synergy
Organizations function as a ____ ; what happens in one part of the company affects all other parts of the company.
system
The steering committee decides that the location of the next AOM annual meeting should consider the competitive, economic, social, and technological factors affected by the committee's decision. In other words, it is using which approach?
systems management