Mgmt Chapter 7

Which of the following is true of the S-curve pattern of innovation of a product?

A flat slope indicates that increased effort brings only small improvements in technological performance

_____ are forces that produce differences in the form, quality, or condition of an organization over time.

Change forces

_____ is the process used to get workers and managers to change their behaviors and work practices.

Change intervention

_____ are workplace cultures in which workers perceive that new ideas are welcomed, valued, and encouraged.

Creative work environments

_____ is a new technological design or process that becomes the accepted market standard.

Dominant design

Which of the following is a difference between experiential and compression approaches to innovation?

Experiential approach is used to establish a new dominant design, whereas compression approach is used to improve the function of an existing dominant design.

______ is a change that occurs when incremental improvements are made to a dominant technological design such that the improved version of the technology is fully backward compatible with the older version.

Generational change

Which of the following statements is true of resistance to change?

It decreases when change efforts receive significant managerial support.

Which of the following best defines an incremental change?

It is a phase in which companies innovate by lowering the cost and improving the functioning and performance of a dominant design.

Which of the following best defines results-driven change?

It is the change created quickly by focusing on the measurement and improvement of outcomes.

Which of the following best defines technological discontinuity?

It is the phase of an innovation stream in which a scientific advance or unique combination of existing technologies creates a significant breakthrough in performance or function.

Which of the following statements is true of technological lockout?

It occurs when a new dominant design prevents a company from competitively selling its products.

Which of the following statements is true of the experiential approach to innovation?

It uses intuition and hands-on experience to reduce uncertainty and accelerate learning.

In the context of organizational decline, which of the following is true of the blinded stage?

Key managers fail to recognize the internal or external changes that will harm their organizations.

is a philosophy and collection of planned change interventions designed to improve an organization's long-term health and performance.

Organizational development

is the phase of an innovation stream in which a scientific advance or unique combination of existing technologies creates a significant breakthrough in performance or function.

Technological discontinuity

Which of the following is an error that managers make in the refreezing phase?

They declare victory too soon.

In the context of managing resistance to change, which of the following is an error that managers make during the unfreezing stage?

They do not establish a great enough sense of urgency.

In terms of change tools and techniques, the General Electric workout is a special kind of results-driven change.

True

During design competition, _____.

an older technology usually improves significantly in response to the competitive threat from the new technologies

In the context of organizational development, the purpose of small-group interventions is to:

assess how a group functions and help it work more effectively to accomplish its goals.

In the context of organizational development, the purpose of large-system interventions is to:

change the character and performance of an organization, business unit, or department.

In the context of resistance to change, _____ is the use of formal power and authority to force others to change.

coercion

Technological substitution occurs when:

customers purchase new products to replace older technologies.

The compression approach to innovation assumes that innovation is occurring within a highly uncertain environment and that the key to fast product innovation is to use intuition, flexible options, and hands-on experience to reduce uncertainty and accelerate learning and understanding.

false

_____ is a psychological state of effortlessness, in which you become completely absorbed in what you are doing and time seems to pass quickly.

flow

In the context of organizational development, the purpose of person-focused interventions is to:

increase interpersonal effectiveness by helping people to become aware of their attitudes.

Organizational encouragement of creativity occurs when:

management encourages risk taking and new ideas.

The compression approach to innovation management is used in:

periods of incremental change.

In the context of managing resistance to change,________ is supporting and reinforcing the new changes so that they stick.

refreezing