MGT 363 Exam 2

A company that aims to improve readily observable outcomes by collecting data at periodic intervals before and after training is likely applying a ________ evaluation design.

time series

Appropriate training outcomes need to discriminate, meaning that ________.

trainees' performance on the outcome should actually reflect true differences in performance

Low levels of opportunity to perform may indicate that ________.

training content is not important for the employee's job

________ refers to the process of collecting the outcomes needed to determine whether training is effective.

training evaluation

In the context of big data, ________ refers to the large number of sources and types of data.

variety

In the context of big data, ________ refers to the huge amount of data that is being generated and the speed with which it must be evaluated, captured, and made useful.

velocity

Which of the following statements best differentiates formative evaluation from summative evaluation?

Formative evaluation focuses on how to make a training program better, whereas summative evaluation helps to determine the extent to which trainees have changed after training.

________ learning focuses on well-defined competencies typically trained via lecture and online methods.

Guided competency

________ refers to concrete examples to show how learning has led to results that a company finds worthwhile and credible.

Success cases

________ refers to training that a team manager receives that focuses on ways to resolve conflict within the team.

Team-leader training

Which of the following statements is true?

There is considerable overlap between learning outcomes across the training methods.

Which of the following is not characteristic of case studies?

They allow trainees to act out skills.

Which of the following statements is true of lesson plans?

They include the sequence of activities that will be conducted and identify administrative details.

Which of the following statements is most true of comparison groups?

They represent a group of employees who do not attend training.

Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding a Net Promoter Score (NPS)?

Trainees are categorized into detractors, permissives, and promotors.

Which of the following statements is true of near transfer?

Trainees should be encouraged to focus on important differences between training tasks and work tasks.

Which of the following strategies is least appropriate for far transfer?

Using standardized procedures, processes, and checklists

Typically, ________ are used to assess cognitive outcomes.

"pencil-and-paper" tests

________ relate to trainees' attitudes toward training content and motivation to transfer.

Affective outcomes

________ is an example of a context-based learning method that is guided by companies.

A simulation

Evaluation designs without pre-test or comparison groups are most appropriate when ________.

a company is only interested in whether trainees have achieved a certain proficiency level

A request for proposal (RFP) is a document mainly used to identify ________.

potential vendors and consultants for training services

The pre-training phase primarily involves ________.

preparing, motivating, and energizing trainees to attend the learning event

Which training outcome relates to trainees providing feedback about their satisfaction with a trainer?

reactions

If a firm measures its sales volume before and after a training program, which training outcome is it focused on?

results

It is estimated that 35% of organizations collect data on which of the following training outcomes?

results

________ involves training teams how to share information and make decisions.

Coordination training

Which of the following statements is true of knowledge management?

Creating communities of practice and using "after-action reviews" at the end of each project facilitates knowledge management.

________ best prepares team members to step in and take the place of a member who may temporarily leave the team.

Cross training

________ refers to whether performance on the outcome reflects true differences in performance.

Discrimination

Which of the following is a major aide in communicating tacit knowledge?

Discussion

Which of the following represents the lowest level of manager support for training?

encouragement of trainees' participation in training

If trainers are interested in the generalizability of a study's results, they are said to be interested in the ________ of the study.

external validity

According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), which of the following types of learners require instructors to emphasize personal needs, beliefs, values, and experiences?

feeling learners

With opportunity to perform, activity level refers to the ________.

frequency with which trained tasks are performed on the job

Which of the following is the first stage of an experiential learning training program?

gaining conceptual knowledge and theory

Which of the following is an affective learning outcome?

greater appreciation of diversity

Which of the following is not a variation of the lecture method discussed in the text?

guided conceptual inquiry

Effective knowledge sharing is most likely when employees ________.

have easy access to information in the context of their jobs

Curricula differ from courses in that curricula ________.

include broader learning objectives

A case study ________.

includes a description about how employees or an organization dealt with a difficult situation

Which of the following methods is/are the most commonly used in organizations?

instructor-led classroom training

In the context of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), ________ types prefer a learning atmosphere in which an emphasis is placed on meaning and associations. Insight is valued more than careful observation.

intuitive

Which of the following is a presentation method of training?

lecture

A(n) ________ refers to a memory tool to encode difficult-to-remember information in a way that is much easier to remember.

mnemonic

Behavior and skill-based outcomes are best measured by ________.

observations

If companies have a limited budget for developing new training methods, the most appropriate hands-on training method would be what?

on-the-job training (OJT)

In training, the greatest level of support that a manager can provide is to ________.

participate in training as an instructor

In the context of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), ________ types thrive in flexible learning environments in which they are stimulated by new and exciting ideas. Such individuals like to "go with the flow" and are receptive to new opportunities.

perceiving

Which of the following methods allows employees to take responsibility for all aspects of learning?

self-directed learning

Which of the following methods would be appropriate for developing skills in revenue management, as discussed in the text?

self-directed learning

Jane has been a trainer for many years. She believes that trainees today lack any motivation to learn. This attitude is apparent to her trainees. Her trainees then fail to exert personal initiative, as expected. What phenomenon is most likely occurring in this instance?

self-fulling prophecy

Return on investment (ROI) analysis is best suited for training programs that are ________.

significant financial investments

Which term refers to a group of two or more trainees who agree to meet to discuss their progress using learned capabilities on the job?

support network

Which of the following is a concern in organizations regarding the loss of explicit and tacit knowledge?

the retirement of Baby Boomers

Formative evaluation involves collecting data about a training program from trainees mainly through ________.

their opinions and feelings about the program

________ is a process that involves a small group working on real problems.

Action learning

________ relate(s) to whether trainees are using training content back on the job.

Behavior and skill-based outcomes

________ is based on the principles of social learning theory.

Behavior modeling

________ learning focuses on context-dependent knowledge and skills learned via social media and informal interactions through others.

Social contextual

Which of the following statements is true of random assignment?

It assigns employees to a training program without considering their individual differences.

Which of the following statements is true of Solomon four-group evaluation design?

It combines both pre-test/post-test comparison group and post-test-only/control group designs.

The first and the most important step in choosing a training method is to identify the ________.

Learning objective

________ is a way of delivering content to learners in small, very specific bursts. With such learning, individuals are in control of what and when they're learning.

Microlearning

Which generational cohort tends to prefer blended learning?

Millennials

Which of the following statements is most true of Traditionalists?

Most Traditionalists are now in retirement.

________ review meetings are meetings between a manager and employee during which the employee's performance is discussed, and improvement goals are agreed upon.

Performance appraisal

________ refers to the ease with which training outcomes can be collected.

Practicality

It is estimated that 15% of organizations collect data on which of the following training outcomes?

ROI

________ is (are) likely to be the easiest training outcome to measure.

Reactions

________ demonstrate(s) to key business stakeholders, such as top-level managers, that their expectations about training have been satisfied.

Return on expectations (ROE)

________ is a time period in which participants no longer receive training intervention.

Reversal

Which of the following statements is true of business games?

Several alternative courses of action are available to trainees.

Which of the following statements is most true of on-the-job training (OJT)?

Skills learned through OJT are easily transferred to the job.

Six Sigma and Kaizen involve principles of ________.

action learning

A(n) ________ is a written document that includes the steps that a trainee and manager will take to ensure that training transfers to the job.

action plan

Suppose you would like to a train a group of managers to enhance their skill in providing employee feedback. Which of the following methods would be least appropriate?

adventure learning

Which of the following involves assisting a certified tradesperson at a work site?

an apprenticeship

Which of the following requires the least amount of participation from trainees?

audiovisual instruction

Front-line supervisors are likely most concerned with which training outcomes?

behavior and skill-based outcomes

Vicarious reinforcement is most relevant to ________.

behavior modeling

Lecture as a presentation method ________.

can be easily employed with large groups of trainees

Explicit knowledge ________.

can be managed by a knowledge management system

A(n) ________ gets learners into the appropriate mental state for learning and allows them to understand the personal and work-related meaningfulness of course content.

concept map

Development of effective self-directed learning typically begins with ________.

conducting a job analysis to identify the tasks that must be covered

The evaluation process ideally begins with ________.

conducting a needs analysis

If training emphasizes total group discussion and no small-group interaction, a ________ seating arrangement will be most effective.

conference-type

Which of the following instances call for training with an emphasis on far transfer?

creating a new product

A ________ refers to an organized program of study designed to meet a complex learning objective.

curriculum