MGT CH 2 Practice

1. A(n) __________ worker is someone whose occupation is principally concerned with generating or interpreting information. A) knowledge B) information C) data D) research E) facts-based

A

1. A(n) ______________ has little interaction with its environment. A) closed system A) open system B) neutral system C) porous system D) subsystem

A

1. Among the recommendations of Mary Parker Follett was A) integration should occur in organizations when conflicts arose. B) managers and workers should work competitively. C) managers should be order-givers, and employees should be order-takers. D) motion studies should be made of every job. E) supervisors should control the work process completely.

A

1. Deming believed that quality stems from A) steady focus on the organization's mission. B) the Hawthorne effect. C) a self-fulfilling prophecy. D) Theory X management. E) operations research.

A

1. Frederick W. Taylor is important to management history because he A) pioneered motion studies. B) developed therbligs. C) identified the major functions of management. D) developed ideas that would later lead to the field of industrial psychology. E) anticipated the concept of "self-managed teams."

A

1. Of the following, which is one of the functions of management described by Fayol? A) coordinating B) arbitrating C) collaborating D) tasking E) All of the above were part of Fayol's system.

A

1. Scott works for an organization that describes itself as a "learning organization." As a manager, which of the following actions is Scott most likely to take while working for this organization? A) When Scott needs a new member of his staff, he deliberately looks for someone with new talent and expertise. B) Scott likes to promote from within because those folks know how "it has always been done." C) Scott puts all of his time into running his part of the organization, so he never gets around to reading the trade journals that are piling up on his desk. D) Scott thinks of knowledge as power and uses it to obtain resources for himself and his department. E) Thankfully, Scott believes, his employees don't need training and development since they are already familiar with the ropes. He realizes this would be a large cost to the organization.

A

1. TQM is led by A) top managers. B) middle managers. C) lower-level managers. D) general managers. E) functional managers.

A

1. The ________ viewpoint emphasizes that a manager's actions should vary according to the situation. A) contingency B) quality management C) operations management D) systems E) open loop

A

1. The theory of the hierarchy of human needs was developed by A) Maslow. B) Mayo. C) McGregor. D) Taylor. E) Fayol.

A

1. When Carlos noticed that he was hungry, he stopped working, got up, fixed himself a sandwich, and ate it in the company of his wife, who happened to be in the kitchen at the time. According to Maslow, the motivation for Carlos's behavior arose from which one of the following needs? A) physiological B) psychological C) security D) social E) self-fulfillment

A

1. Which of the following is a discipline that is part of behavioral science? A) psychology B) biology C) computer science D) chemistry E) engineering

A

1. Which of the following most closely represents the management viewpoint that McDonald's follows in its stores? A) classical viewpoint B) behavioral viewpoint C) mathematical viewpoint D) management science viewpoint E) systems viewpoint

A

1. ________ focuses on managing the production and delivery of an organization's products or services more effectively. A) Operations management B) Operations research C) Management science D) Scientific management E) Administrative management

A

1. __________ emphasizes the scientific study of work methods to improve productivity of individual workers. A) Scientific management B) Behavioral science approach C) Management science D) Operations management E) Administrative management

A

1. __________ is the economic or productive potential of employee knowledge, experience, and actions. A) Human capital B) Social capital C) Financial capital D) Economic capital E) Knowledge capital

A

1. __________ was concerned with managing the total organization and was studied by Fayol and Weber. A) Administrative management B) Scientific management C) Contemporary management D) Custom management E) Management science

A

1. "Mindlessness" is characterized by which of the following attributes? A) acting from multiple perspectives B) automatic behavior C) engaging in new categories D) active engagement E) considering new ideas

B

1. A(n) ______________ continually interacts with its environment. A) closed system B) open system C) neutral system D) porous system E) subsystem

B

1. Behavioral science relies on __________ for developing theories about human behavior that can help managers. A) intuition B) scientific research C) simulations D) anecdotes E) trial and error

B

1. One of the 17 basic motions identified by Frank and Lillian Gilbreth is called a A) Gilbreth. B) therblig. C) TQM. D) work unit. E) seventeenth.

B

1. Organizations that actively create, acquire, and transfer knowledge within themselves and are able to modify their behavior to reflect this new knowledge are called __________ organizations. A) TQM B) learning C) Theory X D) Theory Y E) teaching

B

1. The classical viewpoint is part of the ________ perspective. A) behavioral B) historical C) administrative D) quality E) contingency

B

1. The idea that workers are capable of accepting responsibility and working in a self-directed manner is representative of A) Theory X. B) Theory Y. C) Theory Z. D) hierarchy of needs. E) self-fulfilling prophecy.

B

1. The plant manager who oversees the manufacture of Cheerios cereal is part of the __________ of the manufacturing system. A) inputs B) transformation processes C) outputs D) feedback E) organizational processes

B

1. The strategy for minimizing errors by managing each stage of production is called A) zero defects. B) quality control. C) TQM. D) six sigma. E) lean manufacturing.

B

1. To decide how many package sorters to schedule and at which times UPS and FedEx probably use the tools of A) scientific management. B) management science. C) selective management. D) the Hawthorne tools. E) TQM.

B

1. Which of the following is one of the phases in the development of the behavioral viewpoint? A) human resource management B) human relations C) operations management D) administrative theory E) operations research

B

1. Which of the following was a positive feature of bureaucracy, according to Max Weber? A) managers and workers working side-by-side B) impersonality C) loosely-defined hierarchy of authority D) hiring and promotion based on social status E) informal rules and procedures

B

1. Which of these viewpoints emphasized the importance of understanding human behavior and motivating and encouraging employees toward achievement? A) classical viewpoint B) behavioral viewpoint C) quantitative viewpoint D) management science viewpoint E) qualitative viewpoint

B

1. Which viewpoint focuses on minimizing errors and defects by managing each state of production? A) contingency B) quality management C) systems D) operations management E) lean production

B

1. __________ capital is the economic or productive potential of strong, trusting, and cooperative relationships. A) Human B) Social C) Labor D) Physical E) Financial

B

1. __________ focuses on the performance of workers, urging employees to strive for "zero defects". A) Quality control B) Quality assurance C) Total quality management D) Continuous improvement E) Reengineering

B

1. A(n) __________ is a set of interrelated parts operating together to achieve a common purpose. A) environment B) contingency C) system D) TQM E) therblig

C

1. Operations research techniques have evolved into A) scientific management. B) behavioral science. C) quantitative methods. D) TQM. E) administrative management.

C

1. The Colgate toothpaste that Colgate-Palmolive manufactures is an example of a(n) __________ of its manufacturing system. A) input B) transformational process C) output D) feedback loop E) byproduct

C

1. The approach that is concerned with managing the total organization is called A) scientific management. B) human relations. C) administrative management. D) contingency theory. E) systems approach.

C

1. The comprehensive approach to continuous quality improvement, training, and customer satisfaction is known as A) quality assurance. B) quality control. C) total quality management. D) reengineering. E) operations management.

C

1. The contemporary perspective includes which of the following perspectives? A) behavioral B) quantitative C) contingency D) classical E) All of the above are part of the contemporary perspective

C

1. The idea that if a manager expects a subordinate to act in a certain way, the worker may, in fact, very well act that way, thereby confirming the manager's expectations, is called A) self-esteem. B) self-fulfillment. C) self-fulfilling prophecy. D) the hierarchy of needs. E) the Hawthorne effect.

C

1. The idea that management should pay more attention to employees came out of A) Frederick Taylor's Scientific Management. B) Fayol's Administrative Management. C) the Hawthorne studies. D) operations research. E) Theory Y.

C

1. The scientific method consists of A) trial and error. B) intuition. C) observation, theorizing, predicting, and testing. D) luck. E) wits and alertness.

C

1. To create a learning organization, managers must perform three key functions or roles: build a commitment to learning, work to generate ideas with impact, and A) work to create chaos to generate new ideas. B) heighten conflict to implement new ideas. C) work to generalize ideas with impact. D) minimize self-stress to project a positive image. E) be nice to employees.

C

1. Which of the following approaches is the best example of a manager using the contingency viewpoint? A) simplifying the steps of the work process B) using motivational techniques to boost worker productivity C) assessing the particular situation and deciding what to do D) performing a motion study E) purchasing new technology to improve efficiency

C

1. Which of the following is a good reason for studying theoretical perspectives? A) provides an understanding of the past B) correctly guides the writing of a mission statement C) provides clues to the meaning of outside events D) helps to nullify logic E) acts as a encyclopedia of solutions

C

1. Which of these is defined as an organization whose members are geographically apart, usually working with e-mails, collaborative computing, and other computer connections? A) technological organization B) global organization C) virtual organization D) boundaryless organization E) telecom organization

C

1. Which of these viewpoints focuses on using mathematics to aid in problem solving and decision making? A) scientific management B) behavioral science approach C) management science D) operations management E) administrative management

C

1. __________ focuses on using mathematics to aid in problem solving and decision making. A) Scientific management B) Behavioral science C) Management science D) TQM E) Administrative management

C

1. A __________ is defined as a fluid, highly adaptive organization whose members, linked by information technology, come together to collaborate on common tasks. A) technological organization B) wireless organization C) virtual organization D) boundaryless organization E) communication organization

D

1. Alvin, a manager for ABC, Inc., subscribes to a large number of business and trade journals. He shares information he thinks is relevant with others at ABC. Alvin is behaving as if he is in a __________ organization. A) Theory X B) Theory Y C) bureaucratic D) learning E) teaching

D

1. Raj is the nurse in charge of managing the supplies and other inventory for his wing of the hospital. He uses a(n) _________ program to be sure that the hospital can rely on always having the correct supplies and level of inventory on hand. This allows the hospital to be both efficient and effective. A) operations research B) contingency C) quality management D) operations management E) qualitative

D

1. The __________ viewpoint sees organizations as entities with inputs, outputs, transformation processes, and feedback. A) contingency B) quality management C) operations management D) systems E) open loop

D

1. The most important problem with the classical approach is that it A) overemphasizes human needs. B) is too complicated. C) doesn't improve productivity. D) views humans as cogs in a machine. E) is rational.

D

1. The person who is called "the father of industrial psychology" was A) Mark Parker Follett. B) Max Weber. C) Elton Mayo. D) Hugo Munsterberg. E) Frederick Taylor.

D

1. The term "learning organization" was coined by A) Deming. B) Juran. C) Maslow. D) Senge. E) Mayo.

D

1. The viewpoint that emphasizes ways to manage work more efficiently is the ____________ approach. A) behavioral B) quantitative C) TQM D) classical E) rational

D

1. Which of these viewpoints emphasized ways to manage work more efficiently? A) behavioral viewpoint B) quantitative viewpoint C) management science viewpoint D) classical viewpoint E) qualitative viewpoint

D

1. __________ focuses on managing the production and delivery of an organization's products or services more efficiently. A) Scientific management B) Behavioral science approach C) Human relations management D) Operations management E) Administrative management

D

1. Deming proposed that when something goes wrong, chances are __________ that the system is at fault, and __________ that the individual worker is at fault. A) 15%, 85% B) 35%, 65% C) 50%, 50% D) 65%, 35% E) 85%, 15%

E

1. Fredrick Winslow Taylor and the Gilbreths were proponents of which of the following? A) scientific management and administrative management, respectively B) scientific management and human relations management, respectively C) human relations D) management science E) scientific management

E

1. Maria recently read a trade article about creating a learning organization. She thought it was exactly the type of organization she wanted to lead. As CEO of ABC Company she then held a meeting with her direct reports and most likely asked them to do which one of the following things that would best help her in creating the learning organization she aspired to lead? A) create chaos to support new-idea generation B) encourage heated debates on every proposed idea C) encourage staff not to invest in ABC company so that "all of their eggs are not in one basket." D) restrict training to save expenses and improve the balance sheet E) create a psychologically safe environment

E

1. Marilyn works for a small, private, mid-western university as a budget manager. She has just been to a leadership conference where she learned new tools that she thinks will benefit her staff. On the plane home Marilyn began planning how she would encourage employees to use this new knowledge to modify their behavior to help her department reach its goals. Based on this information, which of the following is the best description of the type of organization for which Marilyn works? A) a bureaucratic organization B) an organization that believes in Theory X C) an organization that practices Theory Z D) a purposeful organization E) a learning organization

E

1. Taylor called the tendency for people to deliberately work at less than full capacity A) loafing. B) underachieving. C) underperforming. D) therbliging. E) soldiering.

E

1. The core emphasis of classical management theories is on the belief that A) money is unlimited. B) people are irrational. C) people will take on responsibility if it is offered to them. D) managers are rational, but workers are not. E) work can be managed efficiently.

E

1. The idea that organizations should be managed as communities with managers and subordinates working together in harmony was developed by A) Frederick Taylor. B) the Gilbreths. C) Max Weber. D) Henry Fayol. E) Mary Parker Follet.

E

1. __________ focuses on the performance of workers, urging employees to strive for "zero defects". A) Quantity control B) Behavioral control C) Scientific management D) Systems control E) Quality assurance

E

1. __________ is a category of historical management perspectives requiring the application to management of techniques such as statistics and computer simulations. A) The classical viewpoint B) The behavioral viewpoint C) The managerial viewpoint D) The qualitative viewpoint E) The quantitative viewpoint

E