MGT Test 2

The _______ explores thrusters (positive forces) and counterthrusters (negative forces) for change and seeks to reduce the negative and increase the positive.

force-field analysis

The CEO of AI, Inc. noted, "We have built our reputation by changing little over the last 15 years, but consistently helping customers with great, caring service and a reliable product." What type of strategy is this?

stability

People high in ________ are responsive to others' social and interpersonal cues.

emotional intelligence

When people seek information to support their point of view and discount data that do not, they are subject to ________ bias.

confirmation

Employers can look for high ________ scores to specifically hire workers who perform well, are liked by their supervisors, and are resilient.

conscientiousness

4 decision making styles

1. Directive 2. Analytical 3. Conceptual 4. Behavioral

3 sources of strategic positioning

1. few needs, many customers 2. broad needs, few customers 3. broad needs, many customers

Stages of rational decision making

1. identify the problem or opportunity 2. think up alternative solutions 3. evaluate alternatives and select a solution 4. implement and evaluate the solution chosen

A feedback technique in which an employee is appraised by her boss, peers, subordinates, and possibly clients is called a(n) ________ appraisal.

360-degree

________ enables a manager to make decisions, give orders, and utilize resources. For example, the manager of a local coffee shop has the right to hire and fire baristas based on their punctuality, performance, and customer-service ratings.

Authority

Akio is evaluating the alternatives that might solve his company's problem. One alternative would be an excellent outcome, but Akio is considering if he has enough time and resources to achieve it. Akio is asking himself:

Is it feasible?

________ is the set of techniques used for implementing planned change to make people and organizations more effective.

Organizational development

At a local grocery store, Travis, the produce department manager, has eight direct reports in his department, while Rayah, the meat department manager, oversees 12 employees. Which of these statements about span of control is accurate?

Rayah has a wider span of control than Travis.

________ is an emotional/behavioral response to real or imagined threats to an established work routine.

Resistance to change

________ capital is the economic or productive potential of strong, trusting, and cooperative relationships.

Social

VIRO framework

Value, Rarity, Imitability, Organization

________ are abstract ideals that guide one's thinking and behavior across all situations.

Values

Executives, often referred to as the "C-Suite," should focus their decision making on which of the following?

What products and services shall we offer?

Greta, the quality control inspector at a baby food copacking factory, has discarded four of the previous nine batches of baby food for trace levels of contamination. Greta needs to turn this problem around and find a way to improve the situation, so she should probably perform

a diagnosis.

Which type of workplace discrimination occurs when an organization uses an employment practice that results in unfavorable outcomes to a protected class?

adverse impact

Actively finding, hiring, and developing the talents of people from traditionally underrepresented groups is the goal of

affirmative action.

Ichiro is an on-site coordinator for the International Olympics Committee. Ichiro is good at his job because he regularly seeks new ideas and contrary opinions. He tolerates ambiguity well while being quite task-focused. Ichiro's decision-making style is best described as

analytical.

When a dispute between a mining company and the United Steelworkers Union could not be resolved, the issue was sent to ________, which resulted in a binding agreement.

arbitration

Functional strategies

are strategies developed and implemented by managers in marketing, operations, human resources, finance, and other departments of a company

The interdisciplinary field of organizational ________ gives managers the information they need to understand, and to predict, employees' behaviors at work.

behavior

During a(n) ________ interview, Marcia asked Iván to tell her about the actions he took to overcome some sort of adversity.

behavioral-description

Which of the following lists represent ways to improve group problem solving as identified by decision-making experts?

brainstorming, dialectic method, post-mortems

Cooper Technology offers many different IT services (training, support, monitoring, repair, network design, virus removal, and software upgrades) and sells refurbished computers and technology. The source of Cooper Technologies' strategic position is

broad needs and many customers.

In the BCG matrix, Kroger would be in the category of ________ due to being the largest retailer in the relatively stable grocery market.

cash cows

Employees and customers are treated like a family at Rahal Realty. Fadil and Inas Rahal, the owners, work to encourage unity to increase their employees' job satisfaction and commitment. At their realty firm, the Rahals have built a(n) ________ culture.

clan

Snow Assist sells emergency safety and rescue products to ski patrols and rescue workers at prices that are below those of its competitors, which offer a larger line of more expensive products and focus on broader markets. Snow Assist is pursuing a ________ strategy.

cost-focus

Reggie's Records uses time-series forecasts, such as past holiday sales and the strength of store sales this year, to predict future sales based on patterns of historical data. Reggie's is using

data analytics.

With ________, important decisions are made by middle-level and supervisory-level managers.

decentralized authority

Max was promoted to production manager at Boat, Inc. Max is efficient and takes a logical and practical approach to problem solving. He's decisive, gets things done, liked (but can be controlling). He typically uses a _____ decision-making style.

directive

Goal displacement, satisficing, and groupthink are

disadvantages of group decision making

Sates values

enacted values.

Hewlett-Packard (HP) founders David Packard and William Hewlett strived to create a close-knit organizational culture that gave a lot of responsibility to employees and fostered innovation within the company. In HP's culture, individual responsibility and the importance of innovation are

espoused values.

The first step of the strategic management process is

establish the mission, vision, and values statements

An organization whose HR system is aligned with its structure and culture is said to have

external fit

The Ethical Decision Tree

focuses on legality, shareholder value, and ethicicality.

The leadership team of Popso Soda Company includes a president and vice presidents of operations, marketing, human resources, and finance. Popso seems to utilize which type of organizational structure?

functional

In the 1950s, CL Werner purchased a pickup truck and began hauling cargo for other companies. He drove long hours and many miles as he slowly expanded the company. Now, it is among the largest asset-based logistics firms in the United States. CL Werner is an example of a

hero.

Because Allison is assertive, cheerful, and sociable, she would likely rate on

high on extroversion.

The Competing Values Framework helps us categorize organizational cultures into four types (clan, adhocracy, hierarchy, and market) based on two dimensions:

internal/external focus and flexibility/stability

Nonrational decision-making models, such as ________, describe how managers sometimes make decisions.

intuition

Nonrational models of decision making

intuiton or

Which of the following methods is most appropriate when people just need to learn facts such as work rules or legal matters?

online courses

Dante is monitoring developments in ________, such as immigration, automation, and globalization, to plan for how they will affect his company.

outside forces

Walmart's implementation of RFID, a type of technology that allows it to improve inventory tracking, is an example of a(n) ________ change because Walmart already had a very effective technology tracking system in place before it implemented RFID.

proactive

A ________ innovation is a change in the way a product or service is conceived, manufactured, or disseminated.

process

In a SWOT analysis, organizational strengths are

skills and capabilities that give a company advantages in executing its strategies

C-level

the executive level of a company e.g. chief executive officer, chief financial officer, chief technology officer, chief marketing officer, chief (whatever)

"What shall we do about the problem?" is the question that would most likely be asked during the ________ stage of OD.

treatment

Studies exploring nurses' perceptions about using robots to insert IVs found initial resistance, with some nurses concerned about the cost and potential patient harm. As part of the ________ stage of change, the nurses' managers are modeling how to use the robots and demonstrating their accuracy.

unfreezing