POB Exam 2

Which protein forms microtubules in the cell? Actin Tubulin Myosin Keratin ATP

Tubulin

The semifluid material enclosed by the nuclear envelope is called cytoplasm. nucleoid. protoplasm. nucleoplasm.

nucleoplasm.

The nuclear envelope and endoplasmic reticulum are components of the

endomembrane system

Tay-Sachs is often referred to as a lysosomal storage disorder because it prevents the function of lysosomal _______________ , such as beta-hexosaminidase.

enzymes

Identify the labeled structures of a prokaryotic cell within this image.

A. Ribosome B. Fimbriae C. Flagellum

Mitochondria use carbohydrates to produce: ATP carbohydrates oxygen solar energy

ATP

Which molecule is used to fuel all energy dependent cellular processes? Cytoplasm Water ATP UV light Protein

ATP

Formerly called microfilaments, ____________filaments are long, very thin flexible fibers that account for the formation of pseudopods (false feet) used by some cells in order to move in an amoeboid fashion.

Actin

Chloroplasts use solar energy to synthesize _______ during a process called photosynthesis. carbohydrates water carbon dioxide ATP

Carbohydrates

Select the following which relate to the role of microtubules in a eukaryotic cell. (Mark all that apply) Cell shape Cilia and flagella Cell contraction Organelle movement

Cell shape Cilia and flagella Organelle movement

Which of these materials are found in the cell walls of fungi? Peptidoglycan Phospholipid Chitin

Chitin

Evidence supports a similar process for the origin of the energy organelles, the _________ that carry out photosynthesis and the ______________ that carry out cellular respiration.

Chloroplast, Mitochondria

Chromatin, which consists of DNA and associated proteins, undergoes coiling and condenses during cell division to form

Chromosomes

Which of the following are components of the endomembrane system? (Mark all that apply) Endoplasmic reticulum Centriole Mitochondria The nuclear envelope Golgi apparatus Chloroplasts Vesicles

Endoplasmic reticulum The nuclear envelope Golgi apparatus Vesicles

Which of the following are examples of catabolism? Protein synthesis Enzymatic digestion DNA replication Glucose breakdown

Enzymatic digestion Glucose breakdown

Which of these cells have a membrane bound nucleus? Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes Eukaryotes only Neither prokaryotes nor eukaryotes Prokaryotes only

Eukaryotes only

Which of these cells have a membrane bound nucleus? Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes Prokaryotes only Neither prokaryotes nor eukaryotes Eukaryotes only

Eukaryotes only

True or false: The main characteristic that distinguishes a eukaryotic cell from a prokaryotic cell is a cell wall.

False

Which of the following are functions of intermediate filaments? (Mark all that apply) Formation of cell-to-cell junctions Support the nuclear envelope Support the plasma membrane Formation of pseudopods for movement

Formation of cell-to-cell junctions Support the nuclear envelope Support the plasma membrane

Which organelle receives proteins and lipid-filled vesicles from the endoplasmic reticulum and then repackages them for export in secretory vesicles? Nucleolus Nucleus Golgi apparatus Lysosome

Golgi Apparatus

Which of the following are functions of the cytoskeleton? (Mark all that apply) Stores water and nutrients Intracellular transport Aids in cell division Cellular structural support

Intracellular transport Aids in cell division Cellular structural support

A protistan engulfs a macromolecule via a vesicle. Which organelle could fuse to this vesicle and aid in breaking down this molecule? Lysosome Ribosome Vacuole Smooth ER

Lysosome

A vesicle that contains hydrolytic digestive enzymes is called a

Lysosome

Due to a mutation in the HEXA gene, a substance called GM2, normally present in the tissues and nerve cells of the brain, accumulates there. This mutation mainly effects enzymes associated with which organelle in an affected individuals' cells? endoplasmic reticulum lysosomes plasma membrane nucleus

Lysosomes

Molecules that can attach, detach, and reattach to actin filaments to produce movement are called: motor molecules centrosomes pseudopods flagella cilia

Motor Molecules

Molecules that can attach, detach, and reattach to actin filaments to produce movement are called: pseudopods centrosomes flagella motor molecules cilia

Motor molecules

Bacterial cell walls contain which complex molecule composed of carbohydrate chains connected by peptides? Cellulose Peptidoglycan Chitin Phospholipid

Peptidoglycan

Which cellular process occurs within chloroplasts? Meiosis Digestion Mitosis Photosynthesis Cellular respiration

Photosynthesis

What is the main function of the bacterial cell wall? Protection Reproduction Excretion Synthesis

Protection

Select all of these that are components of the cytoplasm. salts water phospholipids DNA dissolved organic molecules

Salts Water Dissolved organic molecules

Which of the following are components of the endomembrane system? (Mark all that apply) Chloroplasts Centriole The nuclear envelope Mitochondria Endoplasmic reticulum Vesicles Golgi apparatus

The nuclear envelope Endoplasmic reticulum Vesicles Golgi apparatus

True or false: Lysosomes and peroxisomes are structurally similar, but differ according to the enzymes that they contain. True False

True

The basic unit of living organisms, which can carry out all of the necessary functions of life is the

cell

Which theory states that all organisms are made up of cells that are capable of self-reproduction and come only from preexisting living cells? Cell theory Germ theory Abiogenesis theory Atomic theory

cell theory

According to endosymbiotic theory, organelles specific to plants called _____________, probably evolved from cyanobacterial ancestors.

chloroplasts

The cytolysis of red blood cells is specifically called

hemolysis

Cytoskeletal filaments that are larger than actin filaments but smaller than microtubules are called ____________ filaments.

intermediate

The organelle that contains the genetic material in a eukaryotic cell is called the .

nucleus

The small structures within the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell that perform specific functions are called

organelles

The action known as __________ , or exocytosis, involves the release of materials from the cell via vesicles that fuse with the plasma membrane.

secretion

The release of cellular products from a cell is called: endocytosis secretion phagocytosis respiration invagination

secretion

The fluid-filled space inside a chloroplast is called the thylakoid. granum. stroma. matrix.

stroma

The nucleoplasm has a different fluid composition than the cytoplasm of a cell. true or false

true