MGT210 Exam 3

Which of the following statements is NOT true about communication in the workplace?

E-mails can cut through the misunderstandings that result from misinterpreted phone calls.

______________ is the process of translating a message into understandable symbols or language.

Encoding

True or False? Aniyah has a charismatic personality and finds it easy to get others to agree with her. Aniyah has referent power.

True

True or False? Employees who speak up with practical ideas, share their love of their work with others, help out their coworkers, and take care of the company's building and equipment are exhibiting organizational citizenship behaviors.

True

True or False? Leaders inspire action and articulate the vision. Managers plan, organize, and supervise the tasks. The behaviors of leaders and managers are different, but both may be performed by the same person.

True

True or False? Leadership is the ability to influence employees to voluntarily pursue organizational goals.

True

True or False? Role ambiguity occurs when a job description and criteria for promotion are vague.

True

True or False? Team composition reflects the collection of jobs, personalities, values, knowledge, experience, and skills of team members.

True

True or False? To be most motivating, goals should be specific and challenging but achievable.

True

True or False? Total quality management (TQM) is a comprehensive approach led by top management and supported throughout the organization that is dedicated to continuous quality improvement, training, and customer satisfaction.

True

Ash Out, a chimney cleaning service, wants to hire folks who will perform high-quality work with limited direct supervision. Which combination of personality traits are associated with strong performance and motivation?

conscientiousness and extroversion

Guero brought his proposal to Poté before the meeting saying, "I'm sure you have some ideas on this, and we could try to get them incorporated upfront." Which influence tactic is Guero using?

consultation

When Emily, an American manager, became director of operations at the firm's apparel factory in China, the tension mounted quickly due to misunderstandings and the extensive time needed to translate conversations between herself and the employees. Emily is experiencing ________ conflict.

cross-cultural

Leading for self-determination means...

delegating meaningful tasks

Which of the following is NOT appropriate to include in the conclusion of a speech?

details you forgot from earlier

When using punishment, managers should...

do it in conjunction with positive reinforcement.

Ricky told his team that he is moving forward with a change to the bonus structure, despite vocal objections from several team members. Ricky is using the ________ conflict-handling style.

dominating

Jyllian, a supervisor, told her employees, "The store will close Monday for inventory and all employees are expected to participate." Without knowing how Jyllian communicated her message, we know it was done...

downward

When Molly broke a clipboard over her knee and then hurled the broken pieces toward her employees, she was creating ________ conflict.

dysfunctional

A manager needs to inform employees that the quarterly project management training will start on June 1, about three months from now. Generally, which of the following should the manager use in this situation?

email

According to House's revised path-goal theory, a leader's style should vary depending on...

employee characteristics and environmental factors.

Job ________ is the process of increasing the number of tasks in a job to increase variety and motivation.

enlargement

Content perspectives, also known as need-based perspectives, include all except which one of the following theories?

equity theory

After struggling with the accounting training, Aaron is unsure whether he can complete the end-of-year financial reporting with no errors in the time allotted. In this case, Aaron is low on the ________ element of expectancy theory.

expectancy

When the band came out on stage and the lead singer shouted, "Hello, Philadelphia!" the crowd roared with applause. The crowd's response is an example of...

feedback.

Of the following, which medium is the least rich?

flyer on a bulletin board

Active listening requires all of the following EXCEPT...

focusing on the delivery rather than the content.

If the CEO of Beautify wanted to develop a new line of skin-care products specifically for people with sensitive skin, she might appoint a(n) ________ group to be headed by the company's top scientist.

formal

When it comes to conflict, managers should understand that...

productive conflict can improve decision making and organizational effectiveness.

Desiree volunteered to pack meals for a donation to individuals displaced by a recent hurricane. Desiree engaged in ________ behavior.

prosocial

A ________ could be a collection of five employees who are studying industry pay scales, with the goal of making recommendations for adjusting pay grades within their company.

team

A committee investigating the impacts of health care reform on the organization is an example of a(n)

formal group.

True or False? Conflict is a perfectly normal state of affairs.

True

Which of the following is the most appropriate medium for a manager advising employees of a revision to the company's bonus structure?

A face-to-face meeting should be called between the manager and employees.

________ is the final stage of group and team development.

Adjourning

In equity theory, employees are motivated to...

resolve feelings of injustice

True or False? A leader in a rigid, bureaucratic culture is more likely to be inspirational, influential, considerate, and intellectually stimulating than a leader in a flexible, adaptive organizational culture.

False

True or False? A person's emotional stability refers to how intellectual, imaginative, curious, and broad-minded he or she is.

False

True or False? Collaboration and teamwork are the same thing.

False

True or False? In the contingency leadership model, the most important component of situational control is position power.

False

True or False? Most workers rate monetary benefits higher than a caring boss.

False

True or False? The metaphor for an invisible barrier preventing women and minorities from being promoted to top executive jobs is the steel curtain.

False

True or False? The result of too much conflict in the workplace is usually indolence.

False

True or False? Trust in the workplace is based on authority and control.

False

Which of the following is a danger of using a lean medium for nonroutine matters?

It results in information oversimplification.

After 15 years of being a high-level manager, Caesar is convinced that men are simply more effective leaders than women. How would you summarize the research to help Caesar better understand the gender dynamics of leadership?

Leader effectiveness is similar for men and women, but women are less likely to emerge as leaders.

Which of the following would be considered a negative interpersonal trait often found in leaders?

Machiavellianism

____ is a state of reduced attention that is expressed in behavior that is rigid or thoughtless. This state is natural because human beings simply cannot keep up with all the stimuli they receive.

Mindlessness

________ is the set of psychological processes that arouse and direct goal-directed behavior.

Motivation

________ is the extent to which an employee identifies with an organization and is committed to its goals.

Organizational commitment

________ is the process of interpreting and understanding one's environment.

Perception

True or False? A manager providing rewards or reprimands to subordinates is practicing transactional leadership.

True

________ is the tendency to attribute to an individual the characteristics one believes are typical of the group to which that individual belongs.

Stereotyping

________ is the tendency to remember recent information better than earlier information.

The recency effect

________ is defined as reciprocal faith in others' intentions and behaviors.

Trust

Chayo was incredibly upset and frustrated when his boss denied his vacation request, again. Chayo decided to cool off a bit before addressing the conflict, so he used which conflict-handling style?

avoiding

"I'm going to buy a Ford to support the U.S. auto industry" is an example of which component of attitude?

behavioral

Which of the following should you NOT do when attempting to improve communication?

close your eyes

Keith was put on probation for a string of customer complaints about his poor service and professionalism. Keith's supervisor was using ________ power.

coercive

Because people are uncomfortable with inconsistency between their attitudes and behaviors, they will seek to reduce...

cognitive dissonance.

During the forming stage of a group or team, the leader should encourage team members to...

get to know one another.

When physically attractive people are also assumed to be smarter and nicer, which perception distortion has occurred?

halo effect

When using goal-setting theory to motivate employees, managers should...

help workers understand and accept the goals.

Colin is a branch manager for a large freight company. He has noticed low morale lately, perhaps because of the cramped quarters, stricter policies, and lack of raises this year. According to Herzberg, Colin should first concentrate on...

hygiene factors.

To be effective, a leader must understand the ________ aspects of the organization such as values, attitudes, and personalities.

informal

In all but the worst weather, Sarah and three coworkers meet each day at 4:45 to walk the river trail behind their office building. The four coworkers are an example of a(n)

informal group.

If you have a(n) ________, you believe you control your own destiny.

internal locus of control

According to Herzberg, which of the following is an example of a hygiene factor?

interpersonal relationships

When Rosalyn comes into the office, she speaks to no one, shuts her door, and is rarely seen again until lunch. She supervises a team of 12 people though. Carmelita has a new idea she would like to share with management, but is unsure if she should take it to Rosalyn. How would you describe this upward communication?

lacking trust

"Do my subordinates accept me as a leader?" This question reflects which of the following dimensions of situational control?

leader-member relations

Which of the following is appropriate for workplace e-mail?

maintaining work-life balance by not sending e-mails before or after work hours

According to Fiedler's contingency model, ________-control situations are best matched with ________-oriented leadership.

moderate; relationship

Although ______ are typically unwritten and seldom discussed openly, they have a powerful influence on group and organizational behavior.

norms

Akemi volunteers for the parent-teacher organization (PTO) at her son's school. For the upcoming fall festival event, parent volunteers are needed to sell tickets, recruit attendees, collect donations, and operate the games and food booths. Akemi wanted to prove to the other parents that she is a very talented graphic designer, so she volunteered to create the flyer and social media posts that would be used to advertise the event. Akemi probably has a...

performance goal orientation.

Process and reinforcement theories are key...

perspectives on motivation.

Maslow's levels of needs, in order from lowest (most basic) to highest level, are...

physiological, safety, love, esteem, and self-actualization.

Mirella's employees have been excellent lately. They are exceeding quotas, recruiting new clients, and meeting every deadline. If you were her management consultant, which theory would have Mirella apply so that her employees will continue to repeat these behaviors?

reinforcement

What is the last step of the perceptual process?

retrieval from memory

Bachiko congratulated her staff when the team received an industry award for their project, and also sent a companywide e-mail announcing it. Here, Bachiko is using her ________ power.

reward

A(n) ______ form of media allows receivers to observe multiple cues, such as body language and tone of voice, and allows senders to get feedback. Face-to-face communication is an example of this form of media.

rich

When much of her work was automated with a new computerized system, Louisa became unsure of her ability to do her job. Nisa, her boss, has been mentoring her to improve her...

self-efficacy.

Because she beat her goal this year by nearly 30 percent, Helena has been telling everyone in the sales department of her incredible skill as a salesperson. But last year when she didn't even reach her goal. She said her failure was due to the poor economy. Helena provides an example of...

self-serving bias.

In Fiedler's contingency leadership model, ________ is the amount of influence a leader has in his or her immediate work environment.

situational control

If you completed an online training to improve your empathy, you would be targeting which dimension of emotional intelligence?

social awareness

A restaurant manager who arranges to have all of the restaurant's leftovers, plus 50 prepared meals, donated to a food bank each week probably exhibited ________ power to coordinate the extra work needed by her employees to package and deliver the food.

socialized

According to Tuckman's five-stage model of group and team development, what is the second stage in the process?

storming

Chung manages his employees by carefully monitoring their production, comparing what they do to predicted schedules, and watching the budgets. Chung can best be described as a ________ leader.

task-oriented

Najah, a management researcher, conducted an experiment with the goal of confirming or contradicting the behavioral leadership approach. Najah spent many days following managers around while they worked. Like the Ohio State University and University of Michigan studies, Najah's data showed that most managers focus on...

tasks and relationships.

A _______ is a small set of people with complementary skills who are committed to a common purpose, performance goals, and approach for which they hold themselves mutually accountable.

team

The source for crowdsourcing is most often...

the internet and social media.

Communication is...

the transfer of information and understanding from one person to another.

Charismatic leadership is now considered part of ________ leadership.

transformational

Compared to women, men tend to...

use emoticons to express sarcasm and banter.

The key to protecting digital communication systems against fraud, hackers, identity theft, and other threats is...

using prevention techniques like strong passwords

A manager who is instructing his employee about work tasks is communicating...

vertically.