MHMI

also known as "winter depression" occurs in many people from October to April; levels of mild and moderate depression are experienced during long winter days

seasonal affective disorder

vigorous shaking of an infant that leads to whiplash-induced bleeding within the brain with no external signs of head trauma

shaken baby syndrome

MAOIs are the last choice for treating depression because:

because of severe and potentially fatal side effects

view depression as a group of learned responses

behaviorists

a side effect of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) includes drowsiness, so nurses should:

give at bedtime

a side effect of tricyclic antidepressants includes sedation, so nurses should:

give at bedtime

risk factor of psychoses related to problems with a neurotransmitter, dopamine, upsetting the normal neurochemical system

biochemical imbalances

psychotic disorder that is a cluster of related behaviors, affects about 1% of the world's population, commonly comes with violent behaviors

schizophrenia

bipolar I: characterized by episodes of depression alternating with episodes of mania, more severe and incapacitating form of bipolar illness, delusions are common, and hallucinations can occur

& bipolar 2: associated with hypomanic moods that do not progress to full manic states, often results in 1-2 weeks of severe lethargy, withdraw, and melancholy, followed by several days of elevated or irritable mood, constant activity, and risky decision-making

-depression occurs in all races, ethnic groups, age groups, and socioeconomic levels, affecting twice as many women as men-

-emotional problems are a large part of the distresses experienced by many people-

-older adults tend not to communicate their intentions unless directly asked; thus suicidal attempts in older adults are more successful-

-if the risks are so high that a serious attempt may be made, suicide precautions are implemented; they are standard interventions to prevent a suicide attempt from occurring-

-suicide is a significant problem in adulthood, especially for white men; women attempt suicide three times more frequently than men, but men are more successful at completing the act-

-many older adults choose to commit passive suicide by refusing to eat, drink, or cooperate with care-

-the highest rates are found in elderly women, medically ill persons, and individuals who receive long-term care-

-older adults often express their feelings of depression in more subtle ways than younger persons do-

the use of an individual for selfish purposes, profit, or gain

exploitation

-the children's rights protection center in Thailand claims that AIDS rate among Thai child prostitutes is now greater than 50%-

-the incidences of eating disorders, substance abuse problems, delinquent behaviors, posttraumatic stress disorders, and suicide attempts are increased in adolescents who are abused-

-violence in the family can occur physically, emotionally, through sexual abuse, and neglect of partners, children, and elderly members-

-there is no "typical" abused woman, but the victims of violence do have some characteristics in common, perhaps the most common trait being a trusting nature-

-the moods of adolescents commonly swing from feeling vulnerable and dependent to knowing that they are the smartest one in the family-

-major depression affects as many as 40% of older Americans-

theory of violence that uses the concept "machismo" to explain the occurrence of violence against women

feminist theory

-the frequency of low-birth-weight infants and preterm deliveries is almost doubled in women who have a history of abuse during pregnancy-

-victims of domestic violence denies the seriousness of their problems, blames external factors like alcohol and work, and may not seek help for injuries for a day or more and lies about the cause of injuries-

early signs of an abusive personality:

1. a push for a quick involvement 2. jealousy controlling 3. unrealistic expectations 4. isolates partner from family and friends 5. blames others for own problems and mistakes 6. makes others responsible for his or her feelings 7. hypersensitive, easily insulted 8. cruel to animals and children 9. "playful" use of force during sex 10. verbal abuse 11. enforces rigid sex roles 12. sudden mood swings 13. history of past battering 14. threatens violence

high-potency antipsychotic drugs used to treat psychosis:

fluphenazine (prolixin), haloperidol (Haldol), thiothixene (navane), trifluoperazine (stelazine)

risk factor of psychoses relating to it occurring more often in families who have parents, siblings, or other relatives

genetic influences

theories of psychoses

genetic/heredity model, stress/disease/trauma model, neurochemical models, psychological models, and sociocultural theories

1 phase of the therapeutic plan for clients with mood disorders lasting 6-12 weeks, in which the goal is to reduce symptoms and inappropriate behaviors, impatient hospitalization may be required when clients are too impaired to continue with the activities of daily living or too suicidal to be left alone

acute treatment phase

an inability to recognize familiar objects or people

agnosia

typical victim of elder abuse:

an older woman who is living with a relative and is physically or mentally impaired

theory of violence based in the study of humans' social history, explaining violence and aggression as the result of cultural patterns, social organizations, or sexual differences

anthropological theory

atypical drugs used to treat psychosis:

aripiprazole (abilify), clozapine (clozaril), olanzapine (Zyprexa), quetiapine (Seroquel), paliperidone (invega), risperidone (Risperdal), ziprasidone (Geodon)

for depression, SSRIs are now more often prescribed because:

because of a low incidence of side effects

low-potency antipsychotic drugs used to treat psychosis:

chlorpromazine (thorazine), mesoridazine (serentil), thioridazine (mellaril)

ECT is only used in what type of clients:

clients with severe, long-lasting depression after attempts to stabilize the depression with various medications and therapies have failed

the successful ending of one's life

completed suicide

risk factor of psychoses related to issues during labor and delivery

complications during pregnancy or birth

children with existing mental health problems, such as __________, __________, or __________ are at greater risk for committing suicide than other children

conduct disorders, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorders, or psychoses

1 phase of the therapeutic plan for clients with mood disorders usually lasting 4-9 months, in which the goal is to prevent relapses into distressing emotional states, is done on an outpatient basis

continuation phase

poor hygiene is what level of mania

delirium

feelings of sadness, disappointment, and despair

depression

any form of active suicidal behavior, such as threats, gestures, or attempts to end one's life

direct self-destructive behaviors

abuse and battering within a family

domestic violence

daily moderate depression lasting for more than 2 years; people are chronically sad and self-critical

dysthymic disorder

a therapeutic intervention for mood disorders that creates a controlled grand mal seizure by passing an electrical current through the brain, raising the levels of the neurotransmitter norepinephrine, which are low in many people with depression

electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

severe, prolonged depression results in many physical changes and increases one's risk for:

illness

any behaviors or actions that may result in harm to the individual's well-being or death

indirect self-destructive behaviors

moderate-potency antipsychotic drugs used to treat psychosis:

loxapine (loxitane), molindone (moban), perphenazine (trilafon)

compulsive masculinity

machismo

1 phase of the therapeutic plan for clients with mood disorders that concentrates on preventing recurrences in clients with prior episodes of depression or mania

maintenance treatment phase

when depression is severe and lasts more than 2 weeks

major depressive episode

an emotional state in which a person has an elevated, expansive, and irritable mood accompanied by a loss of identity, increased activity, and grandiose thoughts and actions

mania

pressured speech is what level of mania

mania

a prolonged emotional state that influences one's whole personality and life functioning

mood

a disturbance in the emotional dimension of human functioning

mood disorder

moderate toxicity of lithium (blood serum levels 1.5 to 2.5 mEq/L causes:

nausea, vomiting, and blurred vision

a promise not to engage in self-destructive behaviors

no self-harm contract

unsuccessful attempts at suicide with a low likelihood of success

parasuicidal behaviors

includes hallucinations, speech problems, and bizarre behaviors?

positive symptoms

theory of violence that views violence as a mental illness, both victim and abuser are considered mentally disturbed

psychiatric/mental illness model

a therapeutic intervention for mood disorders that is also known as cognitive-behavioral therapy, used to help clients identify and correct self-defeating thoughts and actions that keep self-esteem low

psychotherapies

theory of violence that states that aggressive and violent behaviors are learned through role modeling others in the environment

social learning theory

view depression as the result of faulty social interactions

social theorists

serious self-directed actions with the intent to end one's life

suicidal attempts

actions that result in little or no injury but communicate the message of suicidal intent

suicidal gestures

expressed thoughts or fantasies with no definite intent of suicide--may express ideas directly or symbolically

suicidal ideation

verbal or written expressions of suicide intent without actual actions

suicidal threats

up to 15% of individuals with severe major depressive disorder die by:

suicide

suicide is the ________ leading cause of death in the US and the ________ leading cause of death in males 15-24

tenth, seventh

how are schizophrenia people socially?

unable to establish or maintain relationships with others

an outburst of physical force that abuses, injures, or harms another person or object

violence

a functional family is described by:

what it does to achieve its goals

studies of the effects of neurochemical messengers (neurotransmitters) and hormones on behavior have revealed that behaviors and body chemistries are interrelated. the monoamines norepinephrine and serotonin are major neurotransmitters that excite or inhibit the brain circuits involved in mood regulation

when an imbalance in this complex system occurs, depression can result

a random, jumbled set of words that have no connection or relationship to each other

word salad