Microbio Chapter 4 - Eukaryotes

Why is ATP necessary for active transport? A. ATP provides energy to transfer material against its concentration gradient. B. ATP is in higher concentrations inside of the cell. C. ATP is a constituent of the electrochemical gradient. D. ATP is an important structural element of transport proteins.

A. ATP provides energy to transfer material against its concentration gradient

Which type of active transport protein uses one protein to pump two different molecules? A. Antiport and Symport B. Uniport, Antiport, and Symport C. Antiport D. Symport E. Uniport

A. Antiport and Symport

Which transport protein employs transporters that move molecules only in one direction? A. Uniport and Symport B. Uniport and Antiport C. Uniport, Antiport, and Symport D. Symport E. Antiport F. Uniport

A. Uniport and Symport

Which of the following structures is NOT found in some prokaryotic cells? A. cilium B. peritrichous flagella C. axial filament D. pilus E. flagellum

A. cilium

Which of the following eukaryotic organelles is correctly matched with its function? A. vacuole--storage of materials B. glycocalyx--transport C. flagellum--protection D. mitochondrion--protein synthesis

A. vacuole--storage of materials

Which statement regarding the structure or function of ribosomes is correct? A. Ribosomes are the sites of lipid biosynthesis in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. B. In eukaryotes, the ribosomes found in chloroplasts and mitochondria are 70S ribosomes, which are similar in size to prokaryotic ribosomes. C. The ribosomes in the prokaryote are slightly larger than those found in the eukaryotic endoplasmic reticulum. D. Ribosomes are found both free-floating and attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotes and in prokaryotes.

B. In eukaryotes, the ribosomes found in chloroplasts and mitochondria are 70s ribosomes, which are similar in size to prokaryotic ribosomes

What will happen to a cell that is placed in a solution containing a high concentration of sugar, a molecule that cannot pass across the cell membrane? A. The cell will pump the salt in the cytoplasm out of the cell via simple diffusion. B. The cell will lose its interior water, causing it to shrivel up and possibly die. C. The cell will swell up with water and burst.

B. The cell will lose its interior water, causing it to shrivel up and possibly die

How is osmosis different from simple diffusion? A. Water cannot pass freely across the membrane. B. Water movement is driven by the concentration of solutes rather than its own concentration. C. Water requires a special permease. D. Water requires energy to move across a cytoplasmic membrane.

B. Water movement is driven by the concentration of solutes rather than its own concentration

Which molecule shown in the animation, the square or the circle, is moving against its concentration gradient? A. Neither; they are both moving with their respective concentration gradients. B. The square C. Both the circle and the square D. The circle

C. Both the circle and the square

Which of the following facts does NOT provide evidence for the endosymbiotic theory? A. The ribosomes contained within mitochondria and chloroplasts are very similar to prokaryotic ribosomes. B. The same antibiotics that inhibit protein synthesis in prokaryotes also inhibit protein synthesis within mitochondria and chloroplasts. C. Prokaryotes contain peptidoglycan in their cell walls. D. Mitochondria and chloroplasts contain circular DNA, similar to the DNA in prokaryotes.

C. Prokaryotes contain peptidoglycan in their cell walls

How is simple diffusion different from other types of passive transport? A. Simple diffusion only brings material into the cell, not out of it. B. Simple diffusion requires ATP. C. Simple diffusion does not require a permease. D. Simple diffusion is only the diffusion of water.

C. Simple diffusion does not require a permease

Which type of active transport protein moves two molecules into the cell at the same time? A. Uniport B. Antiport C. Symport D. Antiport and Symport E. Uniport, Symport, and Antiport

C. Symport

Nonspecific permeases A. allow only one type of solute to pass through the membrane. B. allow only water to cross the cytoplasmic membrane. C. allow a variety of molecules to cross the cytoplasmic membrane. D. are not used for passive transport.

C. allow a variety of molecules to cross the cytoplasmic membrane

Which organelle would play the most direct role in eliminating bacteria engulfed by a phagocytic white blood cell? A. Centrosome B. Golgi complex C. Mitochondria D. Lysosome

D. Lysosome

Which of the following is NOT found or observed to occur in both mitochondria and prokaryotes? A. 70S ribosomes B. circular chromosome C. ATP-generating mechanism D. cell wall E. binary fission

D. cell wall

Which of the following is NOT a functionally analogous pair? A. 9+2 flagella - bacterial flagella B. chloroplasts - thylakoids C. mitochondria - prokaryotic plasma membrane D. nucleus -nucleoid region E. cilia - pili

E. cilia - pili

Which of the following organelles most closely resembles a prokaryotic cell? A. nucleus B. vacuole C. cell wall D. Golgi complex E. mitochondrion

E. mitochondrion

Where is the genetic information of the cell stored? A. rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) B. Golgi apparatus C. lysosomes D. smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER) E. nucleus

E. nucleus

True or False: The internal structure of bacterial and eukaryotic flagella are the same

False