Microbiology LAB Final Review

**A patient with the antigens A and RH+ would not be able to receive blood from which of the following?

B+

T cells can be classified by certain glycoproteins on their surface called clusters of differentiation (CD). T helper cells are classified as __________, and T cytotoxic are classified as __________.

CD4/ CD8

The fish tapeworm, ___________________ is the largest tapeworm found in humans.

Dipyllobothrium latum

Which of the following acts as a proinflammatory factor?

Histamine

The virulence of a toxin is measured by ____________.

LD50

*What is the etiological agent of ophthalmia neonatorum?

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

A college student presents with a fever, headache, and a stiff neck. The doctor suspects meningococcal meningitis. What is the etiological agent of this form of meningitis?

Neisseria meningitidis

Analysis of the spinal tap shows the presence of Gram-negative bacteria cocci; for this age group which bacteria would be the probable cause of these symptoms?

Neisseria meningitidis

This image represents the oxidase test results performed on three different bacterial species. Which of the following statements regarding these results is correct?

Serratia marcescens is oxidase negative

Which bacterial genus and species is the etiological agent of syphilis?

Treponema pallidum

What is the etiological agent of African sleeping sickness?

Trypanosoma brucei

ABO blood incompatibility reactions are an example of what type of hypersensitivity reaction?

Type II

The common infection known as "pink eye" is an infection of the

conjunctiva

Identify the agranulocyte labeled F

dendritic cells

What is the shape and arrangement of the circled bacterial cells.

diplococci

The image shows the results of a structural staining method used to detect certain structures found in bacterial species such as Bacillus anthracis and Clostridium tetani. Name the staining technique.

endospore stain

Coxsackie virus 16 and enterovirus 71 are the main viruses that cause ______________ disease.

hand, foot, and mouth

It is unclear why hypersensitivities develop, but genetics and environmental factors may play a role. Another proposed factor suggests that individuals living in developed countries may have weaker immune systems due to accessibility of clean food, and water, antibiotics, and minimized exposure to diseases. This is known as the __________ hypothesis.

hygiene

A powerful toxin called tetanospasmin causes the symptoms of what nervous system infection?

lock jaw

A patient has traveler's diarrhea due to an intestinal pathogen. What antibiotic type and antibiotic dose would ensure that the patient recovers with minimal damage to the normal microbiota?

narrow spectrum/low dose

Herpes is caused by the viruses, HSV-1 and HSV-2. HSV-1 usually causes ________ herpes, while HSV-2 usually causes _________ herpes.

oral; genital

*What causes warts?

papillomavirus

Enterobius vermicularis causes ___________ infections while Necator americanus causes __________ infections.

pinworm/hookworm

There are two main types of mutations: base-substitution and frameshift mutations. Which base substitution mutation results in no change in the amino acid sequence?

silent mutation

Emigration is

the migration of phagocytes through blood vessels to the site of tissue damage.

The most common source of hospital acquired infections that is responsible 70-80% of complicated UTI's is caused by which medical device?

urinary catheters

What is the word used to refer to diseases transmissible from animals to humans?

zoonoses

The red arrows are pointing to _________________

a single bacterial colony

Preparing for delivery, an obstetrician notices genital sores and severe swelling of the labia on a pregnant 24-year-old female. Upon questioning the woman, the doctor discovers that she previously had swollen and painful lymph nodes near her groin but did not seek treatment because she assumed it was related to the pregnancy. The physician suspects that the mother may have lymphogranuoma venereum. What type of microbe causes lymphogranuloma venereum?

bacteria

How do prion proteins create more prion proteins?

by catalyzing a conformation change in the wild type protein by direct contact with the prion