mid term civ

. What were the duties of a Persian Satrap?

Tax collection, Raising forces for the Royal army, Commanding military forces in their region, Maintaining justice and security.

. Who did Sumerians believe owned the cities?

The gods and goddesses.

. Which of the following accurately characterizes ancient Egyptian civilization?

There was a sense of security and a feeling of changelessness

Which of the following is not correct about the pyramids?

They were constructed during the Middle Kingdom

. Which statement of women's lives in Athens is correct?

Women could participate in most religious cults and festivals

The Olympic games were held to honor

Zeus.

Roman construction was most notable for

a centralized road system to link the empire

The term polis describes

a community of citizens in which political, economic, social, cultural and religious activities were performed

. The Indian term dharma referred to laws setting behavioral standards for which groups in Indian society?

all inhabitants of India, of all classes.

. Who of the following was a citizen with political rights within a polis?

an adult male

The Epic of Gilgamesh was

an epic poem from Mesopotamia dealing with the search for immortality.

Which of the following is NOT true about the Aryans:

assimilated with the Dravidians to form an egalitarian India

The ultimate goal of Hindus is to

attain an ultimate spiritual reunion with Brahman and escape the pain of living.

The Indian priestly caste was known as the

brahmin

. Ashoka

changed his personal values and governmental policies after becoming a Buddhist.

The purpose of Ashoka's great polished sandstone pillars was to

commemorate events in Buddha's life.

The chief executive officers of the Roman Republic who were responsible for leading the Roman army into battle and administering the government were the

consuls.

Greek geography

contained mountainous areas that impeded Greek unity.

The Hellenizing process

created Greco-Macedonian domination of the population centers of the Middle East.

Cyrus the Great

created a great Persian Empire

In The Republic, Plato

created a utopian, ideal state composed of three social classes.

Julius Caesar came to sole power by

defeating Pompey and the senators who endorsed him.

Ancient Mesopotamian society

developed an extensive irrigation system.

The central aspect of the Neolithic Revolution was the

emergence of systematic food production through the domestication of plants and animals.

. Socrates

employed a question-and-answer method by which students' reasoning helped them to learn.

The annual flooding of the Nile River

enabled Egyptian civilization to thrive by leaving deposits of fertile silt.

The Persian Empire

ended the "Babylonian Captivity" of the Jews during the reign of Cyrus the Great

Paleolithic peoples

engaged in artistic activities, as indicated by surviving cave paintings.

The Phoenicians were notable for all of the following EXCEPT

established numerous Black Sea colonies.

Gautama said that the way to avoid suffering was to end desire by

following the "Middle Path."

The members of the caste known as the untouchables, or pariahs, were

given jobs such as handling dead bodies or collecting trash.

The "good news" concerning Jesus was contained in the written

gospels.

The Roman Senate

had 300 members who were chosen for life

. Mummification was to

help ensure that one could continue to live despite the death of the physical body.

Thucydides believed that

historical writing should be objective, accurate, and factual.

. By about 700 B.C.E., which of the following replaced the aristocratic cavalryman in Greek warfare?

hoplites.

. During the Old Stone Age,

hunting and gathering was the way most people supported themselves.

Homer's legacy to the Greeks was

important in inculcating the aristocratic values of courage and honor.

The legacy of Alexander the Great

included an historic change in world development, as elements of Latin culture immediately spread to the Middle East.

Members of the aristocratic governing class in Rome were known as the

patricians.

Greek religion was characterized by

polytheism, rituals, sacrifice, and festivals.

. The success of Christianity is widely believed by historians to have been due to its

promise of salvation, its familiarity, and its universality.

Roman literature

reached it high point in the age of Augustus

A significant difference between Buddhism and Brahmanism was

rejection of the rigid caste system

Greek colonization

resulted from overpopulation, an increase in trade, and a widening gap between rich and poor.

. Gautama's vision of Nirvana was

similar to the Aryan concept of Brahman

Traditional Roman religion

simply transplanted from Greece

The Indo-Europeans

spoke related languages, among which are Sanskrit, Persian, and Greek.

Roman slaves

staged a number of massive rebellions, the largest led by Spartacus in 71 B.C.E.

The story of Osiris in ancient Egyptian religion served to

strengthen the belief that immortality could be achieved.

. The Gracchus brothers believed that the underlying cause of Rome's problems was

the decline of the small farmer

The period of the Peloponnesian War saw

the defeat of the Athenian period of Empire

The major stages of Roman imperial expansion before 100 B.C.E. included

the defeat of the Gauls by Sulla and Pompey.

Under the reigns of the five "good emperors"

the range of responsibilities that were affected by the policies of the emperors increased

Making use of the Silk Road in the early Empire, Rome traded considerably with

China for silk

. Where did the oldest of the neolithic farming villages first form?

China.

The Greek historian who wrote the History of the Persian Wars was

Herodotus.

73. In his military interactions with other civilizations, Alexander last engaged in battle with

India

Which of the following statements is not an accurate characterization of the Greek polis?

It played a significant role in unifying all Greeks throughout the entire region under a single government.

Which of the following is not true about cuneiform?

It used the Cyrillic alphabet.

Which of the following statements is an accurate depiction of life in classical Athens?

It was a male-dominated environment that used slaves, was predominantly agricultural, employed a limited number of craftsmen, gave a major role to the family, and accepted the practice of male homosexuality.

The government of Rome

was originally a monarchy but later became a republic

. The Assyrian army

was renowned for its ability to besiege enemy cities.

The Assyrian Empire

was skilled at waging both conventional and guerrilla warfare.

Women in ancient India

were legally owned by their husbands and male children.

The plebeians

were less privileged and often poorer than the patricians.

Archimedes

worked on the geometry of cylinders and spheres and the value of pi.

The most important cities in Egypt developed in which region?

Above the first cataract.

. Which of the following was the leading cultural center of the Hellenistic world?

Alexandria

Which of the following correctly describes Harappan civilization?

It was much more agricultural than its contemporaries in Egypt and Mesopotamia

. The Indian term that refers to the impact of one's actions in life on a later life after reincarnation is

Karma

The key figure in the spread of Christianity outside the Jewish community was

Paul of Tarsus.

. Which of the following is not correct about marriage and family in ancient Egypt?

Polygamy was the general rule, although wives could keep additional husbands.

The main trio of the polytheistic gods in India are

Shiva the Destroyer, Vishnu the Preserver, and Brahman the Creator

. The founder of Buddhism was

Siddhartha Gautama.

. Solon's Reforms included all of the following EXCEPT

land redistribution to the poor

The earliest hominids

lived in Africa.

The ultimate result of the formation of the Delian League was to

make Athens the dominant city-state in the region

The earliest Aegean civilization was located

on Crete.

The purpose of the Vedas was to provide

the unchanging theological dogma of Hinduism

. All of the following are correct about warfare in ancient Greece except

the use of light infantry in battle because of greater mobility.

The majority of Hammurabi's law code deals with

theft and injury

. Roman jurists were able to provide a systematic framework for Roman law because

they came to assume that natural law, or universal law, was based upon reason.

The political structure in Sparta contained

two kings, a council of ephors, a council of elders, general assembly

. Egyptian hieroglyphs

used sacred characters as picture signs.

. One of the basic distinguishing features of the human species was

walking upright

. The caste system

was applicable to every member of Indian society.

Julius Caesar

was assassinated by leading senators convinced his death would restore the republic.

Octavian

was awarded the title Imperator in 27 BCE

Greek philosophy

was distinguished by the ideas of Socrates, Plato and Aristotle.

. Mesopotamian civilization

was made of cities and located in a river valley

. Spartan society

was organized as a military state.