Middle Ages Quizlet
Parish
A single church
Satisfaction
An act assigned by a priest for penace
Penance
Asking for forgiveness
List the sacraments of the Catholic faith.
Baptism, Confirmation, Eucharist, Penace, Extremem unction, Holy orders, Matrimony
Who began the first order of monks in Western Europe in 529 at Monte Cassino in Italy?
Benedict of Nursia
Serfs
Bound to the land, traded manual labor for housing and protection
List three accomplishments of Charlemagne
Built schools for priests, Expanded the empire, Spread Christianity
What area of Charlamagne's empire did Lothair recieve?
Central territories into modern italy
Pepin the Short
Declared King of the Franks by the grace of God by the pope
Charles Martel
Defeated the Islam in 732 at the battle of Tours
Sorrow (contrition))
Formally Apologize
Where did the Franks settle? (modern day)
France
Where did the Magyars come from, and what did they conquer?
From Middle east, conquered Northern italy
Where did the Muslims come from and what did they conquer?
From Northern Africa, Conquered Spain
Where did the Vikings come from, and what did they conquer?
From scandinavia, conquered tributary states to the east
What area of Charlamagne's empire did Louis the german recieve?
German-speaking tribes
Confession (priest)
Go to a priest and confess your sins
Charlemagne
Greatest frankish king, father of modern europe
Archdiocese
Group of diocese
What was the Merovingian Dynasty?
First of the Frankish dynasties, Basically kings that did nothing
Matrimony
Marriage
Holy Orders
Someone becomes a Clergy
Who were the missi dominici?
Spies of the king who observed what was going in the counties and reported back to him
What was the punishment of excommunication?
You lose your right to preform the sacraments, loosing your religious favor
Lay investiture
appointment of religious officials by kings or nobles
Excommunication
banned from the church
Catholic
one who believes in the Roman Catholic Church
Clergy
religious officials
Investiture
the action of formally investing a person with honors or rank, the vassal receives land from the lord (usually becomes a knight)
Archbishop
the chief bishop responsible for an archdiocese.
What was the difference between freeman and serfs?
A freeman was a peasant who was a skilled laborer who had more freedoms than the Serfs did
Diocese
A group of parishes
What is feudalism?
A political, economic and social system based on loyalty and military service.
What does Charlamagne mean?
Charles the great
Eucharist
Communion
Mayor of the Palace (Major Domo)
Did all of the kings tasks
Carolingian Dynasty
Dynasty founded by Pepin the short
What did Pope Leo III name Charlemagne in 800?
Emperor of the Romans
Priest
In charge of a parish
How did Charlemagne organize his empire?
Into counties ruled by counts
What were two types of activities that were part of tournaments that were held for knights?
Jousting and archery
Papal States
Lands owned by the pope and protected by the franks
Donation of Pepin
Lands won from the lombards given by pepin the short to the pope
Canon law
Law of the Church
List five Germanic tribes who settled in old Western Roman lands.
Lombards, Visiogoths,Franks, Angles, Saxons
Nobles
Military Leaders
What three groups were problematic from the late 800s into the early 900s?
Muslims, Magyars, Vikings
Describe how the two field system worked on a manor
One field was growing crops. The other field lies fallow until the next planting season to recover its fertility
Petrine theory
Peter was the first Pope appointed by Jesus and built the church up
What does fallow mean?
Plowed and harrowed but left unsown for a period in order to restore its fertility as part of a crop rotation or to avoid surplus production.
What was the church court that was established around 1232 to find and eliminate heretics?
The Inquisition
Confirmation
The official decision to become a member of the church
Simony
The selling of church offices
What was the role of the manor in a feudal society?
They were the self sufficient centers of economic life, provided protection and homes for the vast majority of people
Describe the threefield system on a manor.
They would plant crops in 2 fields, one in the spring and one of the fall leaving the third field open.
What treaty was agreed to in 843 that divided Charlemagne's empire?
Treaty of Verdun
Pepin II
Unified more kingdoms, Increased the power of mayor of the palace
Clovis
United frankish tribes, Started the merovingian dynasty, adopts Christianity
Knights
Warrior on horseback who promised to defend his lord's land in exchange for a fief, could be lord or vassals
Baptism
Washing away original sin
What area of Charlamagne's empire did Charles the bald recieve?
Western territories
Heretic
a person believing in or practicing religious heresy (going against church teaching)
Sacrament
a religious act or action that gains the person religious favor by simply performing the act or action
Bishop
a senior member of the Christian clergy, usually in charge of a diocese and empowered to confer holy orders.
Squire
a young (age 14-21) knight in training
Page
a young boy (age 7-13) who stays with a knight to learn
Homage
ceremony in which loyalty is pledged to a lord
What was the Inquisition?
church court that was established to find and give heretics forgiveness
What was an interdiction or an interdict?
closes all churches in a King (lord)'s land
Chivalry
code of behavior for knights, stressing ideals such as courage, loyalty, and devotion (Christianity)
Abbot
head of an abbey of monks
lay investiture
kings and nobles appointed church officials
Fiefs
land granted by a lord to a vassal
Extreme Unction
last rites
Pope
leader of the Roman Catholic Church
Vassals
person receiving a fief from a lord, fought for lord to get land