Milady ch 6 exam chemistry and and chemical safety
A(n) __________ charged ion is called an anion
negatively
The Safety Data Sheet (SDS) contains _________ categories of information.
16
What is the average pH for hair and skin?
5
The are 118 different elements known to science today. How many of these are naturally occurring on Earth?
98
__________ is the ingredient used to raise the pH in hair products, so as to allow for the solution to penetrate the hair shaft.
Ammonia
________ is the chemical reaction that combines a substance with oxygen to produce an oxide.
Oxidation
__________ refers to either the loss of oxygen or the addition of hydrogen.
Reduction
__________ are examples of emulsions used in beauty services.
Shampoos and conditioners
What type of chemical reaction balances pH and results in the production of water and a salt?
acid--alkali neutralization
What does a pH below 7 indicate?
an acidic solution
An example of an elemental molecule is ___________.
atmospheric oxygen
As the basic unit of matter, __________ cannot be divided into simpler substances by ordinary chemical means.
atoms
Which of the following are the basic building blocks of all matter?
atoms
__________, also known as alkalis, are compounds of hydrogen, a metal, and oxygen
bases
Volatile organic compounds contain __________ and evaporate very easily.
carbon
Rusting iron and burning wood are examples of a change in what type of properties?
chemical
An example of a water-in-oil emulsion is __________.
cold cream
What type of chemical reaction requires the absorption of energy or heat from an external source for the reaction to actually occur?
endothermic
As part of the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) categories, first-aid measures include important symptoms/effects, as well as ___________.
first aid instructions
Water-in-oil emulsions feel __________ than oil-in-water emulsions.
greasier
H is the symbol for which element?
hydrogen
An example of a physical change is __________.
ice melting to water
The tail of a surfactant molecule is __________, or oil loving.
lipophilic
The pH scale is _________.
logarithmic
Which of the following is defined as anything that occupies space (volume) and has mass (weight)?
matter
When oxygen is chemically combined with a substance, the substance is __________.
oxidized
Solutions that do not contain water, such as alcohol or oil, do not have ___________.
pH
The letters pH denote __________, which is the relative degree of acidity or alkalinity of a substance.
potential hydrogen
Oxidation and reduction always occur simultaneously and are referred to as a(n) __________ reaction.
redox
Which of the following is an example of a pure substance?
salt
A __________ is a stable, uniform mixture of two of more mixable substances that is made by dissolving a solid, liquid, or gaseous substance in another substance.
solution
Which of the following allows oil and water to mix or emulsify by reducing surface tension?
surfactant
Nail polish, with glitter than can separate from the polish, is an example of a(n) __________.
suspension
Alkalis tend to __________ the hair.
swell
An example of a chemical change is __________.
the oxidation of haircolor products
On a Safety Data Sheet (SDS), which category would include risks of exposure, related symptoms, and acute and chronic effects?
toxicological information
The pH scale measures the concentration of hydrogen ions in acidic and alkaline __________ solutions.
water-based
The location you use for mixing chemicals must be __________.
well ventilated
