Milady Cosmetology; Chapter 5: Infection Control
Clean
A mechanical process (scrubbing) using soap and water or detergent and water to remove all visible dirt, debris and many disease-causing germs.
Mycobacterium Fortuitum
A microscopic germ that normally exists in tap water in small numbers.
Virus
A parasitic submicroscopic particle that infects and resides in cells of biological organisms.
Tinea Pedis
A ringworm fungus of the foot, also the most frequently encountered infection on the foot caused by nail services.
Universal precautions
A set of guidelines published by OSHA that require the employer and the employees to assume that all human blood and body fluids are infectious for blood borne pathogens.
Mildew
A type of fungus that affects plants or grows on inanimate objects, but does not cause human infections in the salon.
Human immunodeficiency virus
Abbreviate HIV; Virus that causes acquired immune deficiency syndrome.
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
Abbreviated AIDS; A disease that breaks down the body's immune system; AIDS is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
Human Papilloma Virus
Abbreviated HPV; and also known as planter warts
Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus
Abbreviated MRSA; A type of infectious bacteria that is highly resistant to conventional treatments such as antibiotics.
Material safety data sheet
Abbreviated MSDS
Tinea Barbae
Aso known as barber itcg. A superficial fungal infection that commonly affects the skin. It is primarily limited to the beared areas of the face and neck or around the scalp.
Exposure incident
Contact with no intact (broken) skin, blood, body fluid or other potentially infectious materials that is the result of the performance of an employees duties.
Diagnosis
Determination of the nature of a disease from its symptoms and/or diagnostic test.
Parasitic Disease
Disease caused by parasites, such as lice and mites.
Infectious Disease
Disease caused by pathogenic (harmful) microorganisms that enter the body. An infectious disease may or may not be spread from one person to another person.
Pathogenic disease
Disease produced by organisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites.
Systemic Disease
Disease that affects the body as a whole often due to under-functioning or over- functioning or internal glands or organs. This disease is carried through the blood stream or the lymphatic system.
Blood born Pathogens
Disease-causing microorganisms carried in the body by blood or body fluid, such as hepatitis and HIV
Hospital Disinfectants
Disinfectant that are effective for cleaning blood and body fluids.
Tuberculocidal Disinfectants
Disinfectants that kill the bacteria that cause tuberculosis.
Cocci
Round-shaped bacteria that appear singly or in groups. This type of bacteria rarely shows any active motility.
Motility
Self-movement
Bacilli
Short rod-shaped bacteria. They are the most common bacteria and produce diseases such as tetanus (lockjaw), typhoid fever, tuberculosis, and diphtheria.
Asymptomatic
Showing no symptoms or signs of infection.
Flagella
Slender, hair like extensions used by bacilli and spirilla for locomotion (moving about) may also be referred to as cilia.
direct transmission
Transmission of blood or body fluids through touching (including shaking hands) kissing, coughing, sneezing and talking
Toxins
Various poisonous substances produced by some microorganisms (bacteria and viruses)
Pathogenic
Harmful microorganisms that can cause disease or infection in humans when they invade the body.
Nonpathogenic
Harmless microorganisms that may perform useful functions and are safe to come in contact with since they do not cause disease or harm.
Occupational Diseascts
Illness resulting from conditions associated with employment such as prolonged and repeated overexposure to certain products or ingredients.
Natural Immunity
Immunity that is partly developed through healthy living
State Regulatory agencies
Licensing agencies, board of cosmetology, health department
Porous
Made or constructed of a material that has pored or openings.
fungi
Microscopic plant parasites which include molds, mildews and yeasts; can produce contagious diseases such as ringworm
Hepatitis
A bloodborne virus that causes disease and can damage the liver.
Disinfection
A chemical process that uses specific products to destroy harmful organisms (except bacterial spores) on environmental surfaces
inflammation
A condition in which the body reacts to injury, irritation or infection; characterized by redness, heat, pain and swelling.
Scabies
A contagious skin disease that is caused by the itch mite, which burrows under the skin.
Tuberculosis
A disease caused by bacteria that are transmitted through coughing or sneezing.
Pus
A fluid created by infection, also can be a sign of bacterial infection.
Tinea Capitis
A fungal infection of the scalp characterized by red papules, or spots at the opening of the hair follicles.
Chelating Soaps
Also known as chelating detergents, detergents that break down stubborn films and remove the residue of pedicure products such as scrubs, salts and mask
Contagious Disease
Also known as communicable disease; disease that is spread from one person to another person. some of the more contagious diseases are the common cold, ringworm, conjunctivitis, viral infection and natural nail or toe and foot infections.
Single-Use
Also known as disposable
Quaternary Ammonium Compounds
Also known as quats; disinfectants that are very effective when used properly in the salon.
Multiuse
Also known as reusable; items that can be cleaned, disinfected, and use on more than one person, even if the item is accidentally exposed to blood or body fluid.
Sanitation
Also known as sanitizing; a chemical process for reducing the number of disease-causing germs on cleaned surfaces to a safe level .
Non-porous
An Items that is made or constructed of a material that has no pores or opening and cannot absorb liquids.
disease
An abnormal condition of all or part of the body or its systems or organs, that make the body incapable of carrying on normal function.
Local infection
An infection such as a pimple or abscess that is confine to a particular part of the body and appears as a lesion containing pus.
Statues
Another name for laws
Microoganism
Any organism of microscopic or submicroscopic size.
Bactericidal
Capable of destroying bacteria
Fungicidal
Capable of destroying fungi
Virucidal
Capable of destroying viruses.
Antiseptics
Chemical germicides formulated for use on skin, registered and regulate by the food and drug administration. (FDA)
disinfectants
Chemical products that destroy all bacteria, fungi and viruses (but not spores)on surfaces.
Sodium hypochlorite
Common household bleach
Bacteria
One celled microorganisms that have both plant and animal characteristics some are harmful, some are harmless.
Parasites
Organisms that grow, feed and shelter on or in another organism ( referred to as the host) while contributing nothing to the survival of that organism. Must have host to survive.
Phenolic disinfectants
Powerful Tuberculocidal disinfectants. they are a form of formaldehyde, have a very high pH and can damage the skin and eyes.
Staphlococci
Pus forming bacteria that grow in clusters like a bunch of grapes. They cause abscesses, pustules and boils.
Streptococci
Pus-forming bacteria arranged in curved lines resembling a string or beads. They cause infection such a strep throat and blood poisoning.
Allergy
Reaction due to extreme sensitivity to certain foods, chemicals or other normally harmless substances.
Diplococci
Spherical bacteria that grow in pairs and cause diseases such as pneumonia
Spirilla
Spiral or corkscrew-shaped bacteria that cause diseases such as syphilis and lyme disease.
immunity
The ability of the body to destroy and resist infection immunity against disease can be either natural or acquired and is a sign of good health.
efficacy
The ability to produce an effect
Binary Fission
The division of bacteria cells into 2 new cells called daughter cells.
Infectious
The invasion of body tissues by disease-causing pathogens
Protoplasm
The liquid contained in the outer cell wall of bacteria
Bioburden
The number of viable organisms in or on an object or surface or the organic material on a surface or object decontamination or sterilization.
Contamination
The presence or the reasonably anticipated presence of blood or potentially infectious materials on an items surface or visible debars or residue such as dust , hair, and skin.
Sterilization
The process that completely destroys all microbial life, including spores.
decontamination
The removal of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an items surface and the removal of visible debris or residue such as dust, hair, skin.
Life Cycle of Bacteria
This is both the active stage and inactive , or spore-forming stage of bacteria
Indirect transmission
Transmission of blood or body fluid through contact with an intermediate contaminated object such as a razor, extractor, nipper or environmental surface.
Acquired immunity
immunity that the body developes after overcoming a disease through inoculation (such as flu vaccinations ) or through exposure to natural allergens such as pollen, cat dander & ragweed.