Milady Cosmetology; Chapter 5: Infection Control

Clean

A mechanical process (scrubbing) using soap and water or detergent and water to remove all visible dirt, debris and many disease-causing germs.

Mycobacterium Fortuitum

A microscopic germ that normally exists in tap water in small numbers.

Virus

A parasitic submicroscopic particle that infects and resides in cells of biological organisms.

Tinea Pedis

A ringworm fungus of the foot, also the most frequently encountered infection on the foot caused by nail services.

Universal precautions

A set of guidelines published by OSHA that require the employer and the employees to assume that all human blood and body fluids are infectious for blood borne pathogens.

Mildew

A type of fungus that affects plants or grows on inanimate objects, but does not cause human infections in the salon.

Human immunodeficiency virus

Abbreviate HIV; Virus that causes acquired immune deficiency syndrome.

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome

Abbreviated AIDS; A disease that breaks down the body's immune system; AIDS is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Human Papilloma Virus

Abbreviated HPV; and also known as planter warts

Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus

Abbreviated MRSA; A type of infectious bacteria that is highly resistant to conventional treatments such as antibiotics.

Material safety data sheet

Abbreviated MSDS

Tinea Barbae

Aso known as barber itcg. A superficial fungal infection that commonly affects the skin. It is primarily limited to the beared areas of the face and neck or around the scalp.

Exposure incident

Contact with no intact (broken) skin, blood, body fluid or other potentially infectious materials that is the result of the performance of an employees duties.

Diagnosis

Determination of the nature of a disease from its symptoms and/or diagnostic test.

Parasitic Disease

Disease caused by parasites, such as lice and mites.

Infectious Disease

Disease caused by pathogenic (harmful) microorganisms that enter the body. An infectious disease may or may not be spread from one person to another person.

Pathogenic disease

Disease produced by organisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites.

Systemic Disease

Disease that affects the body as a whole often due to under-functioning or over- functioning or internal glands or organs. This disease is carried through the blood stream or the lymphatic system.

Blood born Pathogens

Disease-causing microorganisms carried in the body by blood or body fluid, such as hepatitis and HIV

Hospital Disinfectants

Disinfectant that are effective for cleaning blood and body fluids.

Tuberculocidal Disinfectants

Disinfectants that kill the bacteria that cause tuberculosis.

Cocci

Round-shaped bacteria that appear singly or in groups. This type of bacteria rarely shows any active motility.

Motility

Self-movement

Bacilli

Short rod-shaped bacteria. They are the most common bacteria and produce diseases such as tetanus (lockjaw), typhoid fever, tuberculosis, and diphtheria.

Asymptomatic

Showing no symptoms or signs of infection.

Flagella

Slender, hair like extensions used by bacilli and spirilla for locomotion (moving about) may also be referred to as cilia.

direct transmission

Transmission of blood or body fluids through touching (including shaking hands) kissing, coughing, sneezing and talking

Toxins

Various poisonous substances produced by some microorganisms (bacteria and viruses)

Pathogenic

Harmful microorganisms that can cause disease or infection in humans when they invade the body.

Nonpathogenic

Harmless microorganisms that may perform useful functions and are safe to come in contact with since they do not cause disease or harm.

Occupational Diseascts

Illness resulting from conditions associated with employment such as prolonged and repeated overexposure to certain products or ingredients.

Natural Immunity

Immunity that is partly developed through healthy living

State Regulatory agencies

Licensing agencies, board of cosmetology, health department

Porous

Made or constructed of a material that has pored or openings.

fungi

Microscopic plant parasites which include molds, mildews and yeasts; can produce contagious diseases such as ringworm

Hepatitis

A bloodborne virus that causes disease and can damage the liver.

Disinfection

A chemical process that uses specific products to destroy harmful organisms (except bacterial spores) on environmental surfaces

inflammation

A condition in which the body reacts to injury, irritation or infection; characterized by redness, heat, pain and swelling.

Scabies

A contagious skin disease that is caused by the itch mite, which burrows under the skin.

Tuberculosis

A disease caused by bacteria that are transmitted through coughing or sneezing.

Pus

A fluid created by infection, also can be a sign of bacterial infection.

Tinea Capitis

A fungal infection of the scalp characterized by red papules, or spots at the opening of the hair follicles.

Chelating Soaps

Also known as chelating detergents, detergents that break down stubborn films and remove the residue of pedicure products such as scrubs, salts and mask

Contagious Disease

Also known as communicable disease; disease that is spread from one person to another person. some of the more contagious diseases are the common cold, ringworm, conjunctivitis, viral infection and natural nail or toe and foot infections.

Single-Use

Also known as disposable

Quaternary Ammonium Compounds

Also known as quats; disinfectants that are very effective when used properly in the salon.

Multiuse

Also known as reusable; items that can be cleaned, disinfected, and use on more than one person, even if the item is accidentally exposed to blood or body fluid.

Sanitation

Also known as sanitizing; a chemical process for reducing the number of disease-causing germs on cleaned surfaces to a safe level .

Non-porous

An Items that is made or constructed of a material that has no pores or opening and cannot absorb liquids.

disease

An abnormal condition of all or part of the body or its systems or organs, that make the body incapable of carrying on normal function.

Local infection

An infection such as a pimple or abscess that is confine to a particular part of the body and appears as a lesion containing pus.

Statues

Another name for laws

Microoganism

Any organism of microscopic or submicroscopic size.

Bactericidal

Capable of destroying bacteria

Fungicidal

Capable of destroying fungi

Virucidal

Capable of destroying viruses.

Antiseptics

Chemical germicides formulated for use on skin, registered and regulate by the food and drug administration. (FDA)

disinfectants

Chemical products that destroy all bacteria, fungi and viruses (but not spores)on surfaces.

Sodium hypochlorite

Common household bleach

Bacteria

One celled microorganisms that have both plant and animal characteristics some are harmful, some are harmless.

Parasites

Organisms that grow, feed and shelter on or in another organism ( referred to as the host) while contributing nothing to the survival of that organism. Must have host to survive.

Phenolic disinfectants

Powerful Tuberculocidal disinfectants. they are a form of formaldehyde, have a very high pH and can damage the skin and eyes.

Staphlococci

Pus forming bacteria that grow in clusters like a bunch of grapes. They cause abscesses, pustules and boils.

Streptococci

Pus-forming bacteria arranged in curved lines resembling a string or beads. They cause infection such a strep throat and blood poisoning.

Allergy

Reaction due to extreme sensitivity to certain foods, chemicals or other normally harmless substances.

Diplococci

Spherical bacteria that grow in pairs and cause diseases such as pneumonia

Spirilla

Spiral or corkscrew-shaped bacteria that cause diseases such as syphilis and lyme disease.

immunity

The ability of the body to destroy and resist infection immunity against disease can be either natural or acquired and is a sign of good health.

efficacy

The ability to produce an effect

Binary Fission

The division of bacteria cells into 2 new cells called daughter cells.

Infectious

The invasion of body tissues by disease-causing pathogens

Protoplasm

The liquid contained in the outer cell wall of bacteria

Bioburden

The number of viable organisms in or on an object or surface or the organic material on a surface or object decontamination or sterilization.

Contamination

The presence or the reasonably anticipated presence of blood or potentially infectious materials on an items surface or visible debars or residue such as dust , hair, and skin.

Sterilization

The process that completely destroys all microbial life, including spores.

decontamination

The removal of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an items surface and the removal of visible debris or residue such as dust, hair, skin.

Life Cycle of Bacteria

This is both the active stage and inactive , or spore-forming stage of bacteria

Indirect transmission

Transmission of blood or body fluid through contact with an intermediate contaminated object such as a razor, extractor, nipper or environmental surface.

Acquired immunity

immunity that the body developes after overcoming a disease through inoculation (such as flu vaccinations ) or through exposure to natural allergens such as pollen, cat dander & ragweed.