mis midterm 2
5 steps in supply chain management
1. plan 2. source 3. make 4. deliver 5. return
master data management is best described as:
broader strategy to address underlying inconsistencies in way ppl use data & to address challenge of integration
narrated presentations, interactive presentations, screen captures, & simulations are all examples of __________
content authoring tools
monica works evening shift in call center, scheduling appointments, referring patients, registering callers for hospital seminars, & routing calls monica is part of which level of decision making?
operational level
correct order of components of a url
1. transmission protocol 2. name of site 3. top-level domain
mouse foot pedals, screen readers, braille displays, head-mounted pointers, joysticks, & speech-to-text translators are designed to improve website's __________
accessibility
__________ describes capability of some machines that can mimic human intelligence, displaying characteristics such as learning, reasoning, judging, & drawing conclusions from incomplete info
artificial intelligence
expert systems & neural networks are both types of __________ used to gain business intelligence
artificial intelligence
web 2.0
as web evolves, massive amount of data contributed by individuals, companies, govs, & "internet of things" greatly enhancing power & potential; growing sources of "big data" support machine learning, so web can grow; current generation of web capabilities, rely on crowdsourcing & collective intelligence, expanded data sources, & input from sensors; original ip address system overwhelmed b/c so many new devices need unique addresses
three "v's" (volume, velocity, and variety) are the defining features for what kind of data?
big data
strategic level of decision making
bora, hospital administrator, responsible for hospital's overall financial & operational health. she plans budgets, sets rates, recruits & hires medical & admin staff, &, working w/ dif teams, develops hospital policies. she earned her mba, & also holds an ms in health care admin
__________ describes distortions in supply chain caused by changes in customer demand, resulting in large swings in inventory levels as orders ripple upstream from retailer to distributor & manufacturer. occurs when visibility is low
bullwhip effect
after-action reviews, best practice sessions, wikis, shadowing, & blogs are technologies used during which step in process of launching a knowledge management program?
capture knowledge
when delta acquired northwest airlines, delta's cio said she needed to merge 1,199 computer systems down to about 600. passengers were annoyed by frequent snags, & during transition, delta was ranked worst for customer service; there were complaints about lost bags, late arrivals, poor flight service, & other frustrations. preceding scenario is an example of:
challenges of integrating multiple databases
__________ includes every click by every visitor, along w/ associated data revealing customer behavior patterns, such as time spent on page, url visitor just left, & visitor's ip address
clickstream data
average ad costs + agency fees + recruiter's salary & benefits + relocation expenses for new employees describes which human capital metric?
cost per hire
customer relationship management (crm)
covers strategies, processes, & info systems an org uses to build & maintain relationships w/ current & prospective customers
__________ describes how tasks can be delegated to large diffuse groups or communities who often volunteer contributions
crowdsourcing
example of e-commerce activity
crystal maze, an online jewelry store, sells precious jewelry through store's official website
improving customer retention, increasing profitability, growing revenue, & listening to customer sentiments are goals of __________
customer relationship management (crm)
graphical user interface that helps ppl visualize info vital to user's role & decisions user makes is called __________
dashboard
sources of business intelligence
data from sensors, scanners, & internet can be part of business intelligence; data available online can be sources, including websites, blogs, email, downloadable tables, wikis, & business reports; primary source of business intelligence is transactional database, or data warehouse, used by org itself or operations, or by suppliers & customers
david creates central database by extracting, transforming, & loading metadata from various internal & external sources of info. what kind of central database is david creating?
data warehouse
reduced redundancy & inconsistency, improved info integrity & accuracy, improved ability to adapt to changes, improved performance & scalability, & increased security are all advantages of using __________ over __________
databases; file processing systems
for structured info, metadata is used to describe what
definitions of each of the fields, tables, & their relationships
social capital
describes number & quality of all relationships an org's employees maintain, not just w/ one another but w/ clients, customers, suppliers, & prospective employees
which process begins by defining all entities that'll be included, their attributes, & their relationships?
developing data model for a relational database
conversion rate, clickthrough rate, cost per clickthrough, & position on page are all associated w/ which type of web metric?
e-commerce metrics
issue w/ traditional file processing systems
each functional area within an org developed own systems & data files
electronic data interchange
electronic bridge between partner companies in supply chain that's used to transmit real-time info about orders, inventories, invoices, & other data
human capital management (hcm)
encompasses all activities & info systems related to effectively managing org's human capital
business intelligence
encompasses array of info sources that can contribute to better decision making, along w/ software apps, technologies, & practices used to analyze
uc census bureau maintains many databases w/ info about demographics, educational levels, income, ethnicity, housing, employment, & more uc census bureau is what kind of potential business intelligence source?
external database
common strategy for drawing info from multiple sources to build data warehouse is
extract, transform, & load (etl)
india's taj mahal hotel website features special deals, event planning, virtual tours, reward programs, & food preference surveys, along w/ online reservations taj mahal hotel's website illustrates which common web goals for orgs?
facilitate offline relationships
an org stores employees' details, like name, age, & designation in database, under group named "employee details." name of each employee would be organized in form of __________
fields
supply chain visibility
how easily managers can track timely & accurate supply chain metrics
core human resources management apps, workforce management apps, talent management apps, service delivery apps, & social software are main components of
human capital management (hcm)
human element in business intelligence
humans can tap growing volume of data online, combining public & private info in new ways to sort options & reveal new trends; decision making involves human element, & humans not always rational, weighing evidence way computer weighs input; human element plays critical role in decision making, & only ppl can decide which intelligence to draw on, which tools to use, & how to interpret results
which category of e-learning might trainees attend a day-long class at corp's national conference & then continue to advanced topics using e-learning after they go home?
hybrid e-learning
first step in launching a knowledge management program
identify goal
enterprise resource planning systems
implementing major challenge, partly b/c so many apps related & b/c so many processes are affected at same time; some have tightly integrated modules, others synchronize data across modules that're more loosely integrated, using middleware
electronic data interchange (edi), xml, rfid chips, & gps all help to __________
improve visibility among suppliers & customers
human capital
includes competencies & knowledge possessed by org's employees
structural capital
includes knowledge stored as documentation about business processes, procedures, policies, contracts, transactions, patents, research, trade secrets, & other aspects of org's operations, often stored electronically
nonprofit orgs, political blogs, campaigns, & public service initiatives might build websites w/ which common web goals for orgs?
influence audience
learning management system
info system used to deliver e-learning courses, track student progress, & manage educational records
infomediary focuses on which common web goals for orgs?
inform or entertain audience
corporate versus educational e-learning
initially, corps focused on self-paced e-learning modules employees could take on own time, while universities leaned toward simulating learning experience of face-to-face class led by faculty member; while business software developers focused on corporate needs, educational market became dominated by companies such as blackboard & desire2learn, as well as open source products such as moodle; learning management systems developers learned to target either corporate or educational market, & products were dif for each; over time, requirements for corporate & educational e-learning converging, especially as corps seek to build social software into e-learning programs & growing number of lms vendors respond w/ competitive products
enterprise resource planning (era) systems
integrates 2 or more apps that support major business processes common to most orgs
satellite tv provider directv implemented software to capture transaction logs & post them to data warehouse near real-time this illustrates usefulness of which kind of business intelligence source?
internal data source
programming tool(s) used for media-rich & interactive websites
javascript, ajax, flash, & programming languages that interface w/ back-end databases
human element in knowledge management projects
knowledge management projects prone to fail when tech underlying too complicated or content not useful; right incentives encourage employees to share knowledge; human element's role in knowledge management critical b/c many incentives exist to hoard knowledge rather than share it; semantic web offers potential for large-scale knowledge management across enterprises by describing relationships among entities w/ resource description framework (rdf)
expert location systems & social network analysis (sna) are tech used during which step in process of launching knowledge management program?
locate sources
performance tuning & scalability, integrity, security, & recovery, & documentation are all necessary for which step in process of creating, accessing, managing, & normalizing relational database?
managing a relational database
amazon's product screens show sections titled "frequently bought together" & "customers who bought this item also bought." which data mining technique did amazon most likely use when implementing these?
market basket analysis
technique called __________ looks for statistical relationships to reveal customer behavior patterns as they purchase multiple items
market basket analysis
hospital administrator, bora, wants to create a portal that shows key performance indicators (koi's) from hospital's transaction systems, something she can access from a dashboard. she also wants to link seminar attendee data to maps, showing where people who attend seminars reside. then, during major storms, she might envision maps drawn from real-time city data sources that could affect emergency room requirements—from traffic accidents or fires, for example. what type of portal is bora looking for?
mashup
a broader strategy to address underlying inconsistencies in the way people use data and to address the challenge of integration is called:
master data management
mashup
more flexible approach to aggregating content from multiple internal & external sources on customizable web pages that relies on web 2.0 tech
amazon.com helps users browse by department, keyword, & sales promos. within "books," visitors can browse by categories such as best sellers, textbooks, or sales. amazon.com is an example of what kind of website info architecture?
multidimensional website architecture
content authoring tools
narrated presentations, interactive presentations, screen captures, & simulations are examples
considered by many as "holy grail" of query languages used to access databases
natural language interfaces
in order for mobile phone to pay bill, most common approach relies on __________
near-field communication (nfc)
demand forecast accuracy (dfa)
one of most important supply chain metrics, dfa measures dif between forecasted & actual demand
document management systems rely on optical character recognition (ocr) & intelligent character recognition (icr) to convert paper-based info to searchable electronic format what step in process of launching knowledge management program does this scenario illustrate?
organize, share, & value knowledge
web advertising
orgs choose keywords & encourage links from external sites to achieve higher rankings in search results; ad networks use third-party cookies to track user behavior across websites, gathering data used to improve targeting; search engine marketing (relevant text ads served alongside results for user's query) most effective
__________ are gateways that provide access to variety of relevant info from dif sources on one screen
portals
consider following questions: which cust most likely renew subscription to service at reg price? what special offers might persuade dif cust to renew? what behaviors signal cust about to cancel? which data mining approach do these refer to?
predictive analytics
__________ is a field, or group of fields, that makes a record unique in particular table
primary key
normalization can best be described as:
process that refines entities & their relationships to help minimize duplication of info in tables
analyzing web analytics to achieve success
products specifically designed to analyze clickstream data are growing powerful, & with them, analysts can quickly see important details about web traffic, visitors, & links that bring customers to site; e-commerce metrics that summarize data on advertising campaigns essential for marketers; web analytics software spews out thousands of graphs, tables, & charts, to make smart decisions, companies should have clear notion of goals for site so know what to look for
for semi-structured & unstructured information, metadata are used to describe what?
properties of document or other resource
importance of financial reporting
reports are lifeblood of people in finance & accounting, & info systems routinely generate detailed summary reports on all org's transactions
customer relationship management's diverse software apps
sales force automation, marketing, customer service & support
__________ uses strategies to increase quantity & quality of traffic from search engines, often by improving site's position in result lists
search engine optimization (seo)
in which category of e-learning would students use online materials independently, with little or no instructor involvement?
self-paced e-learning
number of active users, posts per user, photo tags, profile information, purchases, data on friends, group memberships, & product ratings are associated w/ which type of web metric?
social media metrics
fine motors, as part of improving knowledge management, want to identify key employees who are tightly integrated into informal networks of firm. firm needs technique which can map & measure strength of relationships between individuals & informal groups which of the following techniques will best fulfill fine motors' purpose?
social network analysis
e-commerce shopping cart software
software is used to track & tally customer's purchase
your credit card company contains organized customer record for you, including last name, first name, street address, phone number, email address, & other data. it also maintains a record of your purchases, each w/ a transaction date, description, & debit/credit amount in reference numbers how would you classify the info in the scenario?
structured info
when creating e-learning program, a/an __________, who possesses content expertise & knows what should be covered, may be hired
subject matter expert
e-commerce trust and security
success depends heavily on security & perceptions ppl have about trustworthiness
comparing e-learning & classroom-based learning
success in e-learning depends heavily on students' ability to adapt, & to apply time management skills; e-learning is a disruptive innovation w/ potential to overturn existing industries in waves of creative destruction, not just in corporations, but in colleges & schools as well; e-learning & classroom learning are complements to one another, orgs can blend in creative ways; research that compares student outcomes for e-learning & classroom-based learning show few differences;
strategies that optimize flow of products & services from source, through company, & to customer are referred to as __________
supply chain management (scm)
financial management system plays what roles in org?
supports financial accounts & processes, including accounts payable, accounts receivable, procurement, cash management, budget planning, assets, general ledger, & related activities
knowledge that encompasses insights, judgment, creative processes, & wisdom that come from learning & long experience in field, along w/ trials & errors, is called __________
tacit knowledge
choice hotels uses data mining software to make sense of comments section of customer surveys. w/ software, managers retrieve graphical displays of problem types expressed in comments, as well as positive & negative comments sorted by location, time of year, & other variables in this scenario, what kind of data mining or analysis is choice hotels engaged in?
text mining
true about traditional file processing systems
traditional systems cannot respond to unanticipated requirements in time
total of termination, hiring, training, & other costs related to replacing worker describes which human capital metric?
turnover costs
uniform resource locator (url)
unique global address for web page or other resource on internet
consider company involved in touchy lawsuit. info related to that could include letters, emails, twitter feeds, post-it notes, text messages, meeting minutes, phone calls, videos, facebook posts, resumes, or photos how would you classify the info in this scenario?
unstructured information
ease of learning, efficiency, memorability, error rates, & satisfaction level are metrics to measure website's __________
usability
m-commerce
use of handheld wireless devices for purchasing goods & services from any location; consumers can use mobile devices as digital "wallets," that pay bills on the spot, eliminating need to carry cash
in order for managers to see metrics that help assess overall effectiveness of supply chain processes, __________ must be improved
visibility
