MIS140 Exam 2
Media access controls refer to the need to control when computers transmit. True False
True
Microwave transmissions require a line of sight between any two points. True False
True
Networks requirements can be divided into mandatory, desirable, and wish-list requirements. True False
True
One form of interference with satellite transmission is called raindrop attenuation in which the transmissions are absorbed by heavy rain. True False
True
One type of forward error correction is the Hamming code. True False
True
The predominant method of transferring information internally in a computer is via parallel mode. True False
True
The step of understanding current traffic on a network provides a baseline against which future network requirements can be compared. True False
True
The probability of detecting an error, given that one has occurred, using parity checking is about: 100% 0% 50% 75% 98%
50%
The probability of detecting an error, provided that one has occurred, using cyclic redundancy checking is about: 75% 0% exactly 100% 50% > 99%
> 99%
____________ is one of the most commonly used coding schemes used in data transmission. ASCII ISDN MAU ATM FDM
ASCII
____________ is not a function of a data link protocol. Media access control Message delineation Amplitude shift keying Indicating when a message starts and stops Error control
Amplitude shift keying
How many bits are required to sample an incoming signal 4000 times per second using 64 different amplitude levels? 64 32 16 8 6
6
When converting analog voice data to digital signals, Pulse Code Modulation typically samples the incoming voice signal _______ times per second. 8,000 8 18,000 64 256
8,000
According to one rule of thumb, ______ percent of circuit loading information is easy to gather. 50 25 80 19 20
80
If the highest frequency of a circuit is 10KHZ and the lowest frequency is 900 Hz, the bandwidth available for this circuit is : 890 Hz 8900 HZ 9100 Hz 9Khz 890 KHz
9100 Hz
When a signal is reflected back to the transmitting equipment, it is called a(n) _________. white noise echo crosstalk attenuation impulse noise
echo
With __________ ARQ, the sender immediately sends the next message or packet of data. continuous immediate open window stop-and-wait halt and be recognized (HBR)
continuous
In the __________ step of the building-block process to network design, the network designer considers the relative cost of the technologies. technology design needs analysis narrow and deep analysis cost assessment distribution layering
cost assessment
Which of the following are not costs that are generally considered during the cost assessment stage of the building-block network design process? cost of advertising brochures for new products to be offered by an organization internetworking devices cost network management costs circuit costs software costs for network operating system
cost of advertising brochures for new products to be offered by an organization
Frequency division multiplexing divides the circuit into a set of different time slots. True False
False
Frequency modulation refers to the changing of the height of the sound wave. True False
False
Gaussian noise is a special type of attenuation. True False
False
In a multipoint circuit configuration, each computer has a dedicated circuit between itself and each of the other computers in the network. True False
False
In an odd parity-checking scheme, the parity bit is set to make the total number of ones in the byte (including the parity bit) an even number. True False
False
Most computer networks managed by a host mainframe computer use contention media access control. True False
False
Multimode fiber is capable of longer transmission distances than single mode fiber. True False
False
Multitasking means to break one high-speed physical communication circuit into several lower-speed logical circuits so that different devices can simultaneously use it. True False
False
Newer telephone circuits, built during the last decade, offer higher quality because they were built using analog transmission. True False
False
Nonreturn to zero is a type of unipolar signaling True False
False
Radio, microwave and satellite are all examples of guided media. True False
False
The campus backbone (or core layer) is the network architecture component responsible for providing end user access to the network. True False
False
The distance between repeaters or amplifiers on a telephone circuit is determined by the amount of power gained per unit length of the transmission. True False
False
The goals in the needs analysis step of network design are exactly the same when designing LANs vs. when designing WANs. True False
False
The primary goal of the needs analysis step in network design is to develop a physical network design. True False
False
The traditional network design approach works very well for rapidly changing networks. True False
False
The turnpike effect results when a network is used at a much lower rate than was anticipated when it was designed. True False
False
Today, all network traffic is due to traffic from internal application systems. True False
False
Wavelength division multiplexing can only used with copper cables. True False
False
____________ refers to bits that have been changed, in error, from 1 to 0, or vice versa, in a data transmission. Contracted bits Polled bits Inverse multiplexed bits Flipped bits Bit delineation
Flipped bits
_____________ can be thought of as dividing the circuit horizontally. Frequency division multiplexing Statistical frequency division multiplexing Statistical time division multiplexing Time division multiplexing Wavelength division multiplexing
Frequency division multiplexing
______________ controls errors by detecting and correcting them at the receiving end without retransmission of the original message. Hamming code Huffman encoding Front end processing Wave division multiplexing Hub polling
Hamming code
________ is the process of sending a signal to a client that gives its permission to transmit or asks it to receive. Contention Polling Pooling Carrier sense CRC
Polling
______________ refers to the time it takes for a signal to travel from sender to recipient (highly exaggerated with satellite transmission). Line-of-sight effect Multimode index Saturation effect Raindrop attenuation Propagation delay
Propagation delay
With which type of digital signaling does the signal always return to zero volts after each bit? Non-return-to-zero signaling Unipolar signaling Return-to-zero signaling Data rate signaling Huffman encoding signal
Return-to-zero signaling
Which of the following statements is correct? Parallel transmission is most often used for sending data on a circuit that is made up of one wire. Parallel transmission is distinguished from serial transmission by the fact that the transmitting device sends a single bit, then a second bit, and so on, until all the bits are transmitted. Parallel transmission is only used for analog data. Serial transmission is slower than parallel transmission. Parallel transmission is the same as serial transmission.
Serial transmission is slower than parallel transmission.
_____________ is an effective way to prevent impulse noise, cross talk, and intermodulation noise. Shielding wires Adding fluorescent lights Adding repeaters to a circuit Adding amplifiers to a circuit
Shielding wires
_____________ is an effective way to prevent impulse noise, cross talk, and intermodulation noise. Shielding wires Adding fluorescent lights Adding repeaters to a circuit Adding amplifiers to a circuit Shorting a circuit
Shielding wires
If a computer transmits a message containing "ABC" and the destination computer receives "abc" as the message, the message is corrupted. True False
True
In full-duplex transmission, two stations can send and receive simultaneously. True False
True
In technology design, a network designer looks at available technologies to see which options will satisfy users' needs. True False
True
Manchester encoding is a special type of bipolar signaling in which the signal is changed from high to low or from low to high in the middle of the signal. True False
True
Media access controls refer to the need to control when computers transmit. True
True
One way to reduce quantizing errors is to increase the sampling rate of the analog signal. True False
True
Overhead bits are used for error checking and marking the start and end of characters and packets. True False
True
Radio data transmission requires that each device has a radio receiver/transmitter and uses a specific frequency. True False
True
Signal bandwidth is the difference between the highest and lowest frequencies in a band. True False
True
Statistical time division multiplexing does not require the capacity of the circuit to be equal to the sum of the combined circuits. True False
True
The data link layer accepts messages from the network layer and controls the hardware that transmits them. True False
True
Today, most network designers use a three to five year planning horizon. True False
True
Undesirable stray electrical voltage can cause data communication errors. True False
True
WDM is a version of FDM used in fiber-optic cables. True False
True
When we amplify the signal on an analog circuit, we also amplify any noise that is present on the circuit. True False
True
With roll-call polling, a server polls clients in a consecutive, pre-arranged priority list. True False
True
______ is a modem standard that uses Lempel-Ziv encoding to compress data. V.22 V.44 V.32bis V.34 RS 232
V.44
Which of the following is not a type of synchronous protocol? SDLC VT100 HDLC Ethernet PPP
VT100
_________ is the basic physical layout of the circuit. point-to-point configuration configuration circuit configuration circuit design circuit plan
circuit configuration
_________ is the basic physical layout of the circuit. point-to-point configuration configuration circuit configuration circuit design
circuit configuration
Equipment used to transform analog voice signals to digital signals and digital signals to analog signals. voice converter modem codec multiplexer demodulator
codec
With contention: computers wait until the circuit is free before they send data the server or front end processor works consecutively through a list of clients to determine who should have access to the media the front end processor must wait for a response from the polled client or terminal one computer starts the poll and passes it to the next computer on the multipoint circuit there is never a chance for "collision," or two computers trying to send data at the same time
computers wait until the circuit is free before they send data
With contention: computers wait until the circuit is free before they send data the server or front end processor works consecutively through a list of clients to determine who should have access to the media the front end processor must wait for a response from the polled client or terminal one computer starts the poll and passes it to the next computer on the multipoint circuit there is never a chance for "collision," or two computers trying to send data at the same time
computers wait until the circuit is free before they send data
The network architecture component which contains the organization's servers is called the LAN building backbone data center enterprise edge WAN
data center
In general, networks designed to transmit primarily computer data are likely to be ________. international level 1 numeric analog digital
digital
Two fundamentally different types of data are: DSL and ADSL asymmetric and symmetric Microsoft and IBM digital and analog local area and wide area
digital and analog
There are some network modeling tools that can ________ the existing network. discover disassemble sensitize maintain implement
discover
___________ refers to the spreading of the signal that different parts of the signal arrive at different times at the destination. turnaround time propagation delay dispersion insulation attenuation
dispersion
The network architecture component that is a special LAN with a group of servers that enables electronic data exchange of between the organization and the external entities it does business with is called the LAN building backbone data center enterprise edge e-commerce edge
e-commerce edge
The two basic types of media are: statistical and frequency guided and wireless (radiated) local and wide area attenuator and Gaussian duplexed and non-duplexed
guided and wireless (radiated)
Stop-and-wait ARQ uses ___________ type of data flow. full simplex half complex full duplex half duplex full complex
half-duplex
The ability to transmit in both directions, but only in one direction at a time is an example of _______________ transmission. simplex full-duplex half-duplex analog digital
half-duplex
Contention is commonly used with Ethernet local area networks. True False
True
Controlled access MAC approaches work better in a large network with high usage. True False
True
Cost assessment is the step in the network design in which many complex factors related to costs are documented. True False
True
Crosstalk occurs when the signal transmitted on one circuit or channel of a transmission system creates an undesired effect in another circuit or channel. True False
True
Cyclical redundancy check is one of the most popular polynomial error-checking schemes. True False
True
Data compression can increase the throughput of a communication link. True False
True
Digital transmission permits higher maximum transmission rates when compared to analog. True False
True
Ethernet, a common LAN technology, uses Manchester encoding. True False
True
Forward error correction is commonly used in satellite transmission. True False
True
Frequency is the number of cycles per second and is expressed in Hertz. True False
True
HDLC is very similar to the SDLC synchronous data link protocol. True False
True
When sending four bits at a time using frequency modulation, the number of different frequency levels that would be needed would be _______. 24 16 2 8 4
16
Fiber optic cable carries signals in traditional electrical form. True False
False
With odd parity (assume that the parity bit (in bold) has been placed at the end of each of the following) and a 7-bit ASCII code, which of the following is incorrect? 01101011 00011011 00100101 10110110 11111110
00011011
A coding scheme that uses 10 bits to represent each character is capable of representing _________ different characters. 256 20 200 512 1024
1024
If each sample uses 16 bits and the number of samples taken each second is 8000; then the transmission speed on the circuit is? 128 Kbps 64 Kbps 12800 bps 96 Kbps 32000 bps
128 kbps
Which of the following is not a step under the traditional network design approach? An analyst develops cost estimates of the circuits needed to support the network. An analyst takes the traffic on the current network and then multiplies that by a factor of 3.65 to come up with the estimate of the total traffic for the new network. An analyst meets with users to identify user needs. An analyst develops a precise estimate of the amount of data that users will send and receive to estimate the total amount of traffic on each part of the network. An analyst designs the circuits to support the estimated traffic, allowing for modest growth.
An analyst takes the traffic on the current network and then multiplies that by a factor of 3.65 to come up with the estimate of the total traffic for the new network.
Which of the following is not a controlled access method of media access control? Token passing CSMA/CD polling roll call polling hub polling
CSMA/CD
___________ is not a type of digital signaling technique. Non-return-to-zero signaling Unipolar signaling Manchester encoding Return-to-zero signaling Data rate signaling
Data rate signaling
A physical circuit refers to the transmission characteristics of the connection, such as the speed at which data is being sent through the connection. True False
False
ASCII is the least popular code for data communications. True False
False
Based on the TIA/EIA 568-B structured cabling standard, the cabling that runs from the telecommunications closet to each work area is called backbone cabling. True False
False
Coaxial cable costs less and offers less shielding to electrical interference than twisted pair cable. True False
False
Fiber optic cable can only be used on LANs. True False
False
Which of the following is true with respect to the data link layer? It accepts streams of bits from the application layer. It is responsible for encoding the bit-stream as a series of electronic voltages. It performs error detection. It performs routing functions. It organizes data from the physical layer and passes these coherent messages directly to the application layer.
It performs error detection.
Which of the following is true with respect to the data link layer? You Answered It accepts streams of bits from the application layer. It is responsible for encoding the bit-stream as a series of electronic voltages. It performs error detection. It performs routing functions. It organizes data from the physical layer and passes these coherent messages directly to the application layer.
It performs error detection.
Which of the following is not directly contributing to the dramatic increase in network traffic today? Video applications on networks are becoming common. Electronic mail is now used by most people who work in organizations. Web searches are now commonly performed by network users. Much of the video processing on computers can be off-loaded from the CPU onto high-end video cards. Multimedia applications on networks are becoming common.
Much of the video processing on computers can be off-loaded from the CPU onto high-end video cards.
________ is used to model the behavior of the planned communication network once the proposed network map is complete. Implementation Post-implementation review Documentation Simulation Training users
Simulation
Which of the following is not a current trend that is making the traditional design approach less appropriate for today's networks? The underlying technology of networking devices is changing very rapidly The underlying technology of client and server devices is changing very rapidly The underlying technology of circuits is changing very rapidly Growth in network traffic is very high The most expensive part of any network is the hardware
The most expensive part of any network is the hardware
TRIB, an acronym that relates to throughput, stands for: Throughput Reduction of Information Barriers Transmission Rate of Information Bits Throughput Rate of Iso-synchronous Bytes Transmission Regulation for Inverse-multiplexing Bands Trellis-coded Regulation of Information Bits
Transmission Rate of Information Bits
_________________ is defined as the total number of information bits divided by the total number of bits in the transmission. Asynchronous rate Protocol percentage Throughput Transmission Rate of Information Bits Transmission efficiency
Transmission efficiency
A traditional network design approach follows a structured systems analysis and design process similar to that used in building applications. True False
True
Amplitude, frequency and phase are all characteristics of a sound wave. True False
True
Coding schemes are groups of bits that translate into the "alphabet" of any given system. True False
True
Computers produce digital data whose values are binary: 0 or 1. True False
True
Which of the following is false about staff costs for a network? The most expensive part of the network today is the staff who design, operate, and maintain it The emphasis is on network designs that reduce staff time needed to operate them Network staff are often required to learn to operate a variety of devices Network staff are often required to maintain a variety of devices When a variety of devices from different vendors are used in a network, it takes less time to perform network management activities
When a variety of devices from different vendors are used in a network, it takes less time to perform network management activities
Which of the following is false about staff costs for a network? The most expensive part of the network today is the staff who design, operate, and maintain it The emphasis is on network designs that reduce staff time needed to operate them Network staff are often required to learn to operate a variety of devices Network staff are often required to maintain a variety of devices When a variety of devices from different vendors are used in a network, it takes less time to perform network management activities
When a variety of devices from different vendors are used in a network, it takes less time to perform network management activities
Using parity, the probability for detecting an error, given that one has occurred, is: about 50% for either even or odd parity about 70% for even parity and 30% for odd parity about 30% for even parity and 70% for odd parity about 0% for either even or odd parity about 100% for either even or odd parity
about 50% for either even or odd parity
The large network purchases are done: before the vendor(s) are selected before the RFP is sent out after the RFP is sent out, but before the vendor(s) are selected after the vendor(s) are selected after the network has been implemented
after the vendor(s) are selected
The height of a sound wave is called its: frequency phase amplitude bandwidth furlong
amplitude
The _____________ of a circuit determines a circuit's capacity. frequency bandwidth phase amplitude loudness
bandwidth
Which of the following statements is true? the longer the distance of a telephone wire between sender and recipient, the lower the bandwidth across that wire the shorter the distance of a telephone wire between sender and recipient, the lower the bandwidth across that wire bandwidth is constant across any wire, therefore distance is not relevant to its capacity the longer the distance of a telephone wire between sender and recipient, the higher the bandwidth across that wire bandwidth is not a term that can be used when discussing telephone transmissions
bandwidth is constant across any wire, therefore distance is not relevant to its capacity
Gaining an understanding of the current application system and messages provides a _________ against which future design requirements can be gauged. backplane baseline turnpike document wish list RFP
baseline
Errors on a network can occur: only on dial-up type of circuits because of noise on the line only on poorly maintained networks only due to Gaussian noise only due to lightning strikes
because of noise on the line
A circuit that is filled almost to its capacity and thus is the critical point that determines whether users get good or bad response times is referred to as a(n) bottleneck building backbone breakneck congested network e-commerce edge
bottleneck
Nowadays, most organizations use a simpler approach to network design called the ___________ approach. building-block frame definition prototype systems development life cycle guided network
building-block
Estimating the size and type of the "standard" and "advanced" network circuits is called _________. needs categorization turnpike design cost assessment capacity planning soliciting RFPs
capacity planning
Asynchronous transmission: is used to transmit each character simultaneously with all other characters has a pre-determined, fixed time between sending characters is typically used on multipoint half duplex circuits uses a continuous series of start bits as an idle signal each character is transmitted independently of all other characters
each character is transmitted independently of all other characters
Digital transmission produces more errors than analog transmission. True False
false
Which of the following is a way to sell the network proposal to management? talk about upgrades from 10Mbps to 100Mbps give many details about using routers vs. gateways for a particular connection concentrate on a discussion about token ring vs. Ethernet protocol focus on the growth in network use discuss SNA architecture
focus on the growth in network use
To get more "bandwidth" in a digital transmission, you must: increase the range of frequencies available for a transmission increase the loudness per transmission decrease the bits per second transmission speed increase the phase shifts per transmission decrease the baud rate per transmission
increase the range of frequencies available for a transmission
In communication protocols, _________ are used to convey the user's meaning. information bits overhead bits stop bits start bits flag bits
information bits
Media access control: is not very important in point-to-point with full duplex configuration is not very important in local area networks is not very important in a point-to-point with a half duplex configuration is not very important in a multipoint configuration does not control when computers transmit
is not very important in point-to-point with full duplex configuration
In ARQ, a NAK: is sent by the recipient if the message was received without error is sent by the sender at the same time as it sends a data packet is sent by the recipient if the message contains an error refers to non-asynchronous Kermit technique means that the sender should continue with sending the next message
is sent by the recipient if the message contains an error
To estimate costs for large network purchases, organizations often: purchase all network purchases 'off the shelf' obtain 'book value' information for the existing network from the accounting department ask other companies for an itemized list of their previous year's IT equipment purchases multiply old network costs by a factor of 3 issue an RFP to vendors
issue an RFP to vendors
Which of the following is true about the data link protocol, PPP? it is commonly used in WANs it is a bit-oriented protocol it uses block check characters for error detection it was developed in the 1960s it uses parity bits for error detection
it is commonly used in WANs
Optical media is: more likely to suffer from noise than electrical media has about the same likelihood of suffering from noise as electrical media has about the same likelihood of suffering from noise as coaxial cable less likely to suffer from noise than electrical media more prone to noise than twisted pair media
less likely to suffer from noise than electrical media
Which of the following is not a key deliverable for the cost assessment step of the building-block network design process? RFP list of wish list requirements revised physical network diagram business case, defined in business objectives and business language, that supports the network design none of the above is an appropriate choice
list of wish list requirements
The two sublayers of the data link layer consist of the media access control sublayer and the________ . logical link control sublayer network control sublayer session sublayer physical sublayer transport sublayer
logical link control sublayer
The goal of the needs analysis step is to produce a ___________, or a statement of the network elements necessary to meet the needs of the organization. building block access layer core layer cost assessment logical network design
logical network design
The acronym, Modem, stands for _________________. multiplexing/demultiplexing more/demote Mode-M technique modulator/demodulator Mod emulation technique
modulator/demodulator
In the __________ step of the building-block process to network design, the network designer attempts to understand the fundamental current and future network needs of the various users, departments, and applications. technology design needs analysis narrow and deep analysis cost assessment distribution layering
needs analysis
Which of the following is true about the data link protocol, Ethernet (IEEE 802.3)? it is not very popular it is a bit-oriented protocol it uses block check characters for error detection newer version permits jumbo frames it uses parity bits for error detection
newer version permits jumbo frames
Cross-talk: occurs when one circuit picks up signals in another is always bothersome because it has a high signal strength decreases with increased proximity of two wires decreases during wet or damp weather increases with lower frequency signals
occurs when one circuit picks up signals in another
Which of the following is a characteristic of sound waves that can be modulated to convert digital data into analog signals? phase attenuation bipolar bandwidth codec
phase
In which type of modulation is a 1 distinguished from a 0 by shifting the direction in which the wave begins? bandwidth modulation amplitude modulation frequency modulation phase modulation codec modulation
phase modulation
Which of the following is way to reduce or eliminate crosstalk on a circuit? physically separating the cables from other communication cables adding repeaters or amplifiers to a circuit reducing the length of the cable adding fluorescent lights shorting a circuit
physically separating the cables from other communication cables
Which is not true about point-to-point circuits? point-to-point circuits are dedicated to the use of the two computers. point-to-point circuits are more expensive than multipoint circuits. point-to-point circuits are called dedicated circuits. point-to-point circuits reduce the amount of cable required and use the circuit more efficiently than multipoint circuits. point-to-point circuits are used when the computers generate enough traffic to fill the capacity of the communication circuit.
point-to-point circuits reduce the amount of cable required and use the circuit more efficiently than multipoint circuits.
Which of the following is not an important factor to consider when selecting media to be used in a network? prestige value of the type of media type of network cost transmission distance security
prestige value of the type of media
Which of the following is not an error detection method used in the data link layer? parity checking cyclic redundancy checking CRC-32 pulse code checking odd parity
pulse code checking
____________ is a modulation technique that combines two different amplitude combinations with eight different phase combinations modulation to send four bits per symbol. quadrature amplitude modulation time division multiplexing synchronous digital line control pulse code modulation baseband signaling
quadrature amplitude modulation
____________ refers to the difference between the original analog data and the approximation of that data using the techniques for translating from analog data to digital signals. quantizing error handshaking phase modulating frequency POTS anomaly amplitude Trellis effect
quantizing error
When all bits of a character are transferred one after another, the bits are transferred in ___________ mode. serial frequency division multiplexing parallel full complex
serial
Which of the following is not included in the key deliverable for the needs assessment stage of the building-block network design process, the set of logical network diagrams? applications of the proposed network servers in the proposed network circuits in the proposed network specific routers that have been chosen to implement the proposed network clients in the proposed network
specific routers that have been chosen to implement the proposed network
Another term for impulse noise is: Gaussian noise spikes attenuation cross-talk intermodulation noise
spikes
The primary source of error in data communications is: echoes intermodulation noise spikes attenuation cross-talk
spikes
Time (non-statistical) division multiplexing differs from frequency division multiplexing because it: does not share a communication circuit splits the communication circuit vertically (with time slots) instead of horizontally increases the wavelength and phase angles of the baseband frequency used for transmission moves the baseband of a circuit by shifting it to a higher frequency reduces baseband signal velocity more than frequency division multiplexing
splits the communication circuit vertically (with time slots) instead of horizontally
With __________ ARQ, the sender pauses for a response from the receiver to alter each message or packet of data. open window halt and be recognized (HBR) sliding window stop and wait continuous
stop and wait
When you send an email from the US to Europe, it likely is transmitted from one continent to another through one of the ______ that connect America and Europe. submarine cables satellites telephone lines boats modems
submarine cables
_____________ is not a form of modulation used to transform digital data into analog signals. synchronous time division amplitude shift keying amplitude modulation frequency modulation phase modulation
synchronous time division
Once the needs have been defined in the logical network design, the next step is to develop a(n) __________. application baseline technology design turnpike design backplane design
technology design
The room that contains the cable termination points and the distribution frames is referred to as telecommunications closet equipment room building entrance backbone room work area
telecommunications closet
In the technology design stage of network design, the fundamental technology/protocols to be chosen have no relationship with the circuit capacity the decision for fundamental technology/protocols can be made without considering circuit capacity the decision for circuit capacity can be made without considering fundamental technology/protocols the decisions for fundamental technology/protocols and circuit capacity are interrelated the decision for fundamental technology/protocols and/or circuit capacities is not made at this stage
the decisions for fundamental technology/protocols and circuit capacity are interrelated
As part of the five-layer network model used in this textbook, the data link layer sits directly between: the physical and the application layers the network and the application layers the network and transport layers the physical and the application layers the physical and the network layers
the physical and the network layers
A _________ results when a network is used to a greater extent than was originally anticipated by the network designer. leading edge data flow circuit load turnpike effect protocol volume capacity plan
turnpike effect
The type of media usually installed on homes and businesses by the telephone company is called ____________. fiber optic cable coaxial cable twisted pair phone cable phone wire
twisted pair
Which of the following is not a way in which network requirements, identified in the needs analysis of the building-block network design process, are organized? unnecessary requirements wish list requirements desirable requirements mandatory requirements none of the above is an appropriate answer
unnecessary requirements
The familiar background static on radios and telephones is called: echoes intermodulation noise impulse noise cross-talk white noise
white noise
