Modern India and South Asia

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ecotourism

A form of tourism that supports the conservation and sustainable development of ecologically unique areas

Nationalism

A strong feeling of pride in and devotion to one's country

Nuclear weapons

India and Pakistan both have these, leading to the threat of war

Jawaharlal Nehru

India's first prime minister after independence

Bollywood

India's movie industry

sitar

Indian version of the guitar

Dalits

Members of India's "lowest" caste; literally, "broken people." Also called "Untouchables."

Urbanization

Movement of people from rural areas to cities

Epic poems in India

Ramayana and Mahabharata

Caste System

a set of rigid social categories that determined not only a person's occupation and economic potential, but also his or her position in society

Pakistan

allied with the US after 9/11 but Osama bin Laden was ultimately found hiding and killed there

monotheism

belief in only one god

Taj Mahal

built by a Mughal emperor in the 1600s as a tomb for his wife

garment industry

businesses involved in making clothing

Gandhi assassination

carried out by a Hindu extremist who thought he had betrayed his people

Narendra Modi

current prime minister of India who has overseen much more discrimination against Muslims

Kashmir

disputed area between India and Pakistan

call center

A centralized office used for the purpose of processing a large volume of requests by phone.

East India Trading Company

British organization that eventually controlled all of India

pharmaceutical industry

Businesses that develop and produce drugs for use in medicine and health care

Women in Indian Society

Expected to be subordinate to men, to bear sons, and are often victims of sexual assault and violence

Rajiv Gandhi

Former Indian prime minister assassinated by a guerrilla group in Sri Lanka angry over India's involvement in their civil war

Indira Gandhi

Former Indian prime minister assassinated by her Sikh bodyguards after her conflicts with militant Sikh groups who wanted independence

Salt March

Gandhi led thousands of followers to the coast to defy British laws and their heavily taxed products

Indian Independence Act

Split the country into a Hindu-dominated India and a Muslim-dominated Pakistan, resulting in millions of Hindus and Muslims fleeing to the other country

cottage industries

Weaving, sewing, carving, and other small-scale industries that can be done in the home. The laborers, frequently women, are usually independent.

green revolution

a large increase in crop production in developing countries achieved by the use of fertilizers, pesticides, and high-yield crop varieties.

vegetarian

a person who does not eat meat

population growth rate

how fast a specific population grows

Mohandas Gandhi

led nonviolent protests against the British who used ideas of civil disobedience

Outsourcing

obtain (goods or a service) from an outside or foreign supplier, especially in place of an internal source

Mumbai

suffered a major terrorist attack in 2008

Sri Lanka

suffered from a decades-long civil war until 2009 between the country's two major ethnic groups

Shipbreaking

the dismantling of oceangoing vessels to obtain scrap metal

Maldives

threatened by global warming and melting ice caps since none of its islands rise more than 6 feet above sea level

wildlife conservation

to protect animals and plants and their habitats

Bangladesh

used to be East Pakistan until it won independence in 1971 after a civil war, often suffers from monsoons and flooding

Melting Pot Theory

when people form other cultures assimilate to the point where their original identities and culture disappear- they become a uniform culture


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