Module 1

Which of the following did queer theorist Eve Sedgwick argue?

Any analysis of society is incomplete if it does not include the spectrum of sexual identities.

Unlike other sociological disciplines, ______ sociology is less concerned with practical applications and instead aims for a deeper understanding of the fundamental aspects of social issues.

Basic

W. E. B. DuBois advocated research on the lives of which group of people?

Blacks

Select all that apply Marx's writings helped inspire communist revolutions in which countries? (Select all that apply.)

China Vietnam Russia

Which type of sociologists act on and attempt to implement their evaluations?

Clnical

Karl Marx's view of social classes is best described as part of which of the following sociological perspectives?

Conflict

Which theoretical perspective takes the view that the social world is characterized by continual struggle between competing groups?

Conflict

Which of the following statements about W. E. B. DuBois's beliefs is true?

DuBois believed Blacks needed full political rights to progress socially and economically.

Comparing everyday life to theater and stage, the dramaturgical approach to sociology was made popular by ______.

Erving Goffman

True or false: When examining the members of a social organization using Weber's verstehen, one would need to understand only how the members function within the organization and not the members' beliefs, attitudes, and emotions regarding the organization.

False

Which sociological perspective has as its central tenet that gender inequality is central to all behavior and organization?

Femenist

Ida Wells-Barnett is best known for examining social problems from which perspective?

Feminist

While Marx lived in exile in Paris, France, he met _____, with whom he formed a lifelong friendship.

Friedrich Engels

The feminist perspective in sociology focuses on the study of ______ inequity.

Gender

Which sociologist is widely considered to be the founder of the interactionist perspective?

George Herbert Mead

BLANK is the worldwide integration of government policies, cultures, social movements, and financial markets through trade and the exchange of ideas.

Globalization

Jane Addams did which three of the following?

Helped establish a juvenile court system Helped create a women's trade union Helped prevent racial segregation in Chicago public schools

Which sociologist wrote from the perspective of an African American woman and used her analysis of society as a means of combating oppression?

Ida Wells-Barnett

A construct or model used for evaluating specific cases is what Weber called a(n) BLANK type. (Remember to type only one word in the blank.)

Ideal

According to Merton, _______ use illegal or deviant means of obtaining the accepted goal of achieving material wealth.

Innovators

Which of the following best describes the interactionist perspective?

It generalizes about everyday forms of social interaction in order to explain society as a whole.

Although sociologists draw on all approaches for various purposes, they do tend to favor one particular perspective over others. Which of the following statements about this tendency is true?

It influences their choice of what to study and how to study it.

Some sociologists, notably Karl Marx, Jane Addams, and Ida Wells-Barnett, have used their understanding of social inequality to advocate for social

Justice

Studying a society through the lens of large-scale phenomena would be an example of which of the following?

Macrosociology

Match the level of study (in the left column) with the research topic (in the right column). Instructions

Microsociology matches Choice, Examining how a family goes on after the death of a loved one. Examining how a family goes on after the death of a loved one. Macrosociology matches Choice, Studying how different societies educate their children. Studying how different societies educate their children.

Which of the following statements about sociological approaches are true? (Choose every correct answer.)

No one sociological approach is correct by itself. Sociologists draw on all of the approaches for various purposes.

Which of the following sociologists contributed to the discipline by successfully combining theory and research in his sociological work?

Robert Merton

According to French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu, the collective benefit of social networks, which are built on reciprocal trust, is known as

Social Capital

Comparing the life of a company president or CEO with a dishwasher or taxi driver shows us glaring examples of

Social Inequality

The condition in which members of a society have differing amounts of power, prestige, and wealth is called

Social Inequality

In general, which of the following best describes the discipline of sociology?

Sociology is concerned with understanding the experiences of all people.

Why is cow worship, which prohibits eating beef, a functioning aspect of society in India? (Choose every correct answer.)

The cow produces milk. The cow is used for plowing fields. Cow dung is used for fertilizer and as fuel for cooking.

Which of the following illustrate the level of globalization in our world today?

Unemployment in the United States caused by production shifting overseas Changes in U.S. gas prices caused by oil production fluctuations in the Middle East Worldwide economic downturn in the wake of the Sept. 11, 2001 terrorist attacks Rock songs by Australian artists recorded by American record companies owned by Japanese corporations

According to W. E. B. Du Bois, what is the greatest source of power in our society?

Wealth

Why did Marx leave his homeland of Germany?

a paper he wrote in Germany was suppressed (censored).

Crime is generally viewed as a dysfunction in society, but the criminal justice system employs millions of people to keep crime in check. Therefore, the dysfunction of crime

also serves functions for society.

Weber identified various characteristics of bureaucracy in order to provide a standard for measuring how bureaucratic an actual organization is. He called this standard ______.

an ideal type

Using sociology to yield practical applications for human behavior and organizations is better known as

applied sociology.

Durkheim was concerned about modern industrial societies having a detrimental effect on the individual due to social change and argued that in order to adapt to these changes, the individual should

become a member of a group.

When an immigrant family arrives in a new country and engages in previously functional behavior that no longer serves a social function in the new cultural environment, the functionalist perspective predicts that the

behavior will not be passed on to a new generation.

In the early 1900s Jane Addams and other female sociologists established settlement houses to care for immigrants who were migrating to

cities

The ______ proposes that social behavior can best be understood by looking at tension between groups over power or the allocation of resources.

conflict perspective

According to French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu, which of the following refers to noneconomic goods, such as family background and education, which are reflected in a knowledge of language and the arts?

cultural capital

Sociologists work to understand the experiences of all people equally, but achieving such parity is not always possible due to

discrepancies in attention and funding.

The division of an individual's identity into two or more social realities is known as _______ and is a term coined by W. E. B. DuBois.

double consciousness

The theory that explains the methods individuals use to "put on a show" in order to manage how others view them is called

dramaturgy.

An element or a process of a society that may actually disrupt the social system or reduce its stability is known as

dysfunction

Marx and Engels identified two social classes: the ______ who possess the means of production and ______ who must do all the work.

exploiters; exploited

Which of the following forms of symbolic interaction are forms of nonverbal communication?

facial expressions postures gestures

Charles Horton Cooley studied society from a sociological perspective but focused on

families and other small groups.

The sociological perspective that focuses on how parts of society contribute to help maintain social stability is known as the _______ perspective.

functionalist

Select all that apply Sociologists have identified additional levels of research beyond those that Robert Merton used. These include which of the following? (Choose every correct answer.)

global sociology mesosociology

Marx emphasized the ______ that influence an individual's place in society.

group identifications and associations

Select all that apply Charles Horton Cooley pursued the discipline of sociology by studying which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

groups of friends families

The functionalist perspective emphasizes

how parts of a society are structured to maintain stability.

Select all that apply An interactionist sociologist would be likely to study which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

how workers communicate on the job behavior in small groups

Durkheim worried that ______ posed a danger for modern industrial societies.

isolation and loneliness

Marx's view of society describes social institutions as a means of

keeping some groups subservient to others.

If sociologists were studying the social ranking of women in a sorority using Weber's verstehen, they would likely do which of the following?

learn how sorority members relate to other members of differing status consider the women's beliefs and attitudes examine the women's grades, social skills, or seniority within the sorority

Which of the following is a latent function of the automobile in American society?

manufacturing and road construction jobs

Examining social problems through smaller groups and more intimate settings would be an example of which of the following?

microsociology

Parsons believed an aspect of society that does not contribute to society's survival or stability will

not be passed on from one generation to the next.

Which of the following would best describe a manifest function of education?

providing knowledge to students

Michael Burawoy encouraged scholars to engage a broader audience in bringing about positive outcomes through what he called

public sociology.

The study of society from the perspective of a broad spectrum of sexual identities is known as

queer theory.

Which of the following are examples of something a clinical sociologist might do?

restructure a medical center family therapy

George Herbert Mead studied social issues from the interactionist point of view, thereby gathering his information from which of the following?

small groups

When you are offered a job because your uncle's best friend owns the company, you are benefiting from what sociologist Pierre Bourdieu referred to as

social capital.

Parsons's functionalist theory rests upon the idea that

social components work together to maintain society.

Weber used the term verstehen to analyze social behavior. He believed that to understand behavior we must look at how other people view and explain their own behavior from a(n) ______ perspective.

subjective

Marx and Engels, writing in The Communist Manifesto, were concerned about which of the following?

the domination of the working class by the business owners

Marx argued that the domination of owners over workers was maintained by

the economic, political, and social relationships in a capitalist society.

When referring to the division of an individual's identity into two or more social realities, W. E. B. DuBois was describing which of the following?

the experience of being Black in White America

Select all that apply What are the views most widely used by sociologists in examining society? (Select all that apply.)

the functionalist perspective the interactionist perspective the conflict perspective

Marx and Engels authored The Communist Manifesto, wherein they argued that

the proletariat workers should unite and overthrow the capitalists.

Cultural capital refers to the kind of education that is valued by which of the following?

the socially elite

Robert Merton's contribution to the study of sociology combined

theory and research.

Weber believed that individuals should use ______, the German word for "understanding" or "insight," to analyze social behavior.

verstehen