module 10

Lakukan tugas rumah & ujian kamu dengan baik sekarang menggunakan Quizwiz!

wide area network (WAN)

a network that covers a large geographic area using a variety of wired and wireless transmission media- can be one large network or can consist of multiple LANs connected together - the internet is the world's largest _________.

capping

a practice ISPs use that provides a certain amount of data usage at the optimal speed

RFID (radio frequency identification)

a protocol that defines how a network uses radio signals to communicate with a tag placed in or attached to an object, an animal, or a person

NFC (Near Field Communication)

a protocol, based on RFID, that defines how a network uses close-range radio signals to communicate between two devices or objects equipped with NFC technology

ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode)

a service that carries voice, data, video, and media at very high speeds.

optical fiber

a thin, glass wire that transmits light over long distances

dedicated line

a type of always-on physical connection that is established between two communications devices - can be either analog or digital

T-carrier line

any of several types of long-distance digital phone lines that carry multiple signals over a single communications line - expensive

communication device

any type of hardware capable of transmitting data, instructions, and information between a sending device and a receiving device

peer

each computer of mobile device is called a ____________ in a P2P network and has equal responsibilities and capabilities, sharing hardware, data, or information with other computers and mobile devices on the P2P network.

node

each computer or device on a network - often shares resources such as printers, large hard drives, and programs - often connected via cables

wi-fi

identifies any network based on the 802.11 standard that specifies how two wireless devices communicate over the air with each other

throttling

occurs when a network reduces upload and download speeds of certain high-data users at peak times in order not to tie up network resources for a small pool of users

bluebugging

occurs when cyberthieves exploit Bluetooth devices that have been paired

IP hijacking

occurs when cyberthieves tap into home routers or cable modems or other Internet access point to intercept a paid Internet service.

client/server network

on this type of network, one or more computers act as a server, and the other computers on the network request services from the server.

Mbps (megabits per second) / Gbps (gigabits per second)

one million bits per second / one billion bits per second

how FFTP services work

optical terminal at your location receives the signals and transfers them to a router connected to a computer.

clients

other computers and mobile devices on the network that rely on the server for its resources

transmission media

consists of materials or substances capable of carrying one or more communications signals

twisted-pair cable

consists of one or more twisted-pair wires bundled together

network monitoring software

constantly assesses the status of a network and sends an email or text message, usually to the network administrator, when it detects a problem

server

controls access to the hardware, software, and other resources on the network and provides a centralized storage area for programs, data, and information

network standard

defines guidelines that specify the way computers access the medium to which they are connected, the type(s) of medium used, the speeds used on different types of networks, and the type(s) of physical cable and/or the wireless technology used.

EDI (electronic data interchange)

defines how business documents travel across transmission media

hardware firewall

prevents unauthorized users from accessing files and computers, many routers are protected by a built-in firewall called a ____________.

FTTH (fiber to the home)

provides home users with Internet access via fiber-optic cable

packet switching

technique of breaking a message into individual packets, sending the packets along the best route available, and then reassembling the data

FTTP (Fiber to the Premises)

uses fiber-optic cable to provide extremely high-speed internet access to a user's physical permanent location

peer-to-peer network

(P2P) simple, inexpensive network architecture that typically connects fewer than 10 computers

coaxial cable

(coax) consists of a single copper wire surrounded by at least three layers (insulating, woven, plastic)

transmission media

(needed for successful communication) aka communications channel - media on which the data, instructions, or information travel

receiving device

(needed for successful communication) device that accepts the transmission of data, instructions, or information

sending device

(needed for successful communications) device that initiates an instruction to transmit data, instructions, or information

broadband wireless router

A device that performs the functions of a router, a wireless access point, and a cable or DSL modem.

1. T1 line / 2. fractional T1/ 3. T3 line

1. most popular T-carrier line. used by businesses / 2. home and small business users purchase this - share a connection to the T1 line w/ other users. (slower than T1 line but less expensive.) / 3. equal in speed to 28 T1 lines (quite expensive. large corps, phone comps, ISPs)

dial-up modem

A communications device that converts digital signals to analog signals and analog signals to digital signals, so that data can travel along an analog phone line.

metropolitan area network (MAN)

A high-speed network that connects local area networks in a metropolitan area, such as a city or town, and handles the bulk of communications activity across that region. - typically includes one of more LANs but covers a smaller geographic area than a WAN. - usually managed by a consortium of users or by a single network provider that sells the service to the users

802.11

A series of network standards that specifies how two wireless devices communicate over the air with each other.

Value-added network (VAN)

A third-party business that provides networking services, such as EDI services, secure data and information transfer, storage, or email.

asymmetrical digital subscriber line (ADSL)

A type of DSL that supports faster transmissions when receiving data than when sending data. - ideas for internet access bc most users download more info from internet than they upload.

communications software

Consists of programs and apps that (1) help users establish a connection to another computer, mobile device, or network; (2) manage the transmission of data, instructions, and information; and (3) provide an interface for users to communicate with one another

noise

Electrical disturbance that can degrade communications

cable Internet service

High-speed Internet access provided through the cable television network via a cable modem.

wireless LAN (WLAN)

LAN that uses no physical wires. - may have built-in wireless capability or the appropriate wireless network card...

wireless modem

Modem that uses the cellular radio network to provide Internet connections

home network

Multiple computers and devices connected together by home users.

file sharing network

P2P file sharing - describes a network configuration on which users access one another's hard drives and exchange files directly via a file sharing program

mobile hot spot

Smartphones that can function as a wireless modem when tethered to a personal computer or movile device.

True

T/F P2P networks do not have a common file server and are ideal for very small businesses and home users.

true

T/F TCP/IP has been adopted as the network standard for Internet communications - all hosts on internet follow rules defined in this standard.

True

T/F broadband media transit multiple signals simultaneously

True

T/F networks usually are classified as a local area network, metropolitan area network, wide area network, or personal area network.

True

T/F physical transmission media use wire, cable, and other tangible materials to send communications signals.

True

T/F the ethernet standard defines guidelines for the physical configuration of a network

true

T/F the main difference among the classifications of networks is their area of coverage

true

T/F users often communicate with one another via mobile computers and devices

wireless ethernet

Term sometimes used to refer to Wi-Fi because it uses techniques similar to the Ethernet standard to specify how physically to configure a wireless network.

network architecture

The configuration of computers, devices, and media on a network (client/server or peer-to-peer)

twisted-pair wire

Two separate insulated copper wires that are twisted together.

cable modem

a broadband modem that sends and receives digital data over the CATV network

wireless access point (WAP)

a central communications device that allows computers and devices to transfer data wirelessly among themselves or to a wired network

network

a collection of computers and devices connected together via communications devices and transmission media

router

a communications device that connects multiple computers or other routers together and transmits data to its correct destination on a network

network card (network interface card NIC)

a communications device that enables a computer or device that does not have built-in networking capability to access a network

broadband modem (digital modem)

a communications device that sends and receives data and information to and from a digital line

broadband router

a device that performs the functions of a router and also a broadband modem

wireless router

a device that performs the functions of a router and also a wireless access point

mobile broadband wireless router

a device that performs the functions of a router, a wireless access point, and a wireless modem

hub/switch

a device that provides a central point for cables in a network (larger networks use a hub, smaller networks use a switch)- hub/switch receives data from many directions and then forwards it to one or mmore destinations

Bluetooth

a network protocol that defines how two Bluetooth devices use short-range radio waves to transmit data

LTE (long term evolution)

a network standard that defines how high-speed cellular transmissions use broadcast radio to transmit data for mobile communications

UWB (ultra-wideband)

a network standard that specifies how two UWB devices use short-range radio waves to communicate at high speeds with each other

ethernet

a network standard that specifies no central computer or device on the network (nodes) should control when data can be transmitted

local area network (LAN)

a network that connects computers and devices in a limited geographical area

personal area network (PAN)

a network that connects computers and devices in an individual's workspace using wired and wireless technology - devices include smartphones, digital cameras, printers... - may connect devices through a router using network cables or directly using special USB cables. - can also use bluetooth or wifi.

extranet

allows customers or suppliers to access part of its intranet

EFT (electronic funds transfer)

allows users connected to a network to exchange money from one account to another via transmission media

bandwidth

amount of data, instructions, and information that can travel over transmission media is sometimes called ________________

DSL modem

broadband modem that sends digital data and info from a computer to a DSL line and receives digital data and info from a DSL line

ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network)

broadband modem that sends digital data and info from a computer to an ISDN line and receives digital data and info from an ISDN line. - usually are external devices - one end connects to the phone line and other end connects to a port on the computer.

client server network info

c/s net architecture typically provides means to connect 10+ computers - most c/s nets require a person to serve as a network admin bc of large size of network

net neutrality

concept of an open Internet

fiber-optic cable

consists of dozens or hundreds of thin strands of glass or plastic that use light to transmit signals

intranet

internal network that uses internet technologies

packet sniffer software

monitors and logs packet traffic for later analysis

(TCP/IP) Transmission control protocol / internet protocol

network protocol that defines how messages (data) are routed from one end of a network to the other - describes rules for dividing messages into small pieces called packets; providing addresses for each packet; checking for and detecting errors; sequencing packets; and regulating the flow of messages along the network

downstream rate

receiving data - 100Mbps

FTTB (Fiber to the Building)

refers to small businesses that use fiber-optic cables to access the internet

upstream rate

sending data - 30Mbps

body area network (BAN)

sometimes called body sensor network (BSN) is a type of PAN that wirelessly connects sensors worn by, carried by, implanted in, or attached to the human body

token

special series of bits that functions like a ticket - only 1 exists per network

token ring (standard)

specifies that computers and devices on the network share or pass a special signal (token) in a unidirectional manner and in a present order

protocol

standard that outlines characteristics of how two devices communicate on a network-may define data format, coding schemes, error handling, and the sequence in which data transfers over a network.

IrDA (Infrared Data Association)

standard to transmit data wirelessly to each other via infrared (IR) light waves.

communications

the process in which two or more computers or devices transfer data, instructions, and information is known as digital __________________.

line-of-sight transmission

the sending device and the receiving device must be in line with each other so that nothing obstructs the path of the infrared light wave

latency

the time it takes a signal to travel from one location to another on a network

telemedicine

the use of communications and information technologies to provide healthcare services to people at a distance

Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)

transmits on existing standard copper phone wiring - often require that filters be installed to reduce noise interference when voice communications share the same line. - include dial tone, providing users with both voice and data communications.


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