Module 2 & 3 Quiz (chapter 3&4)

The contemporary view of nature dominant in the United States is most strongly linked to the _____.

Judeo-Christian tradition, in which nature is to do dominated or tamed by humans.

Which of the following energy resources produces the fewest noxious chemicals and pollutants when burned?

Natural Gas

Russia has about one-third of the world's known reserves of ________ predicted to be this century's fastest-growing energy source.

Natural gas

When crude birth rates are higher than crude death rates, the difference between them is known as the _______.

Natural increase

The environmental justice movement emphasizes the disproportional burdens that the _____ face from the negative consequences of economic development

Poor

Chronic water shortages today are caused mainly by ________.

Population pressures

In which stage(s) of the demographic transition model are birth rate and death rate about equal?

Preindustrial and Post-Industrial

Water crises are occurring around the world not only because of water shortages, but because water as a public good is rapidly being turned into a ______.

Privatized commodity.

Which of the following is most likely the view of neo-Malthusian

Regardless of technological innovations, growing global populations still pose a dangerous threat to the environment, and only strict population control policies everywhere have a chance of bringing a balance between population and Earth's resources

If a home uses a large array of solar panels to generate electricity, but has no battery system, surplus electricity that is produced is ________.

Released into the power grid for others to use, generating a credit to the homeowner

Which of the following is a typical example of a push factor for migration?

Social conflict

What is the focus of the "Earth Summits", which began in the 1970s?

Sustainable development

Which term describes the recognition of the importance of not only development today, but also preserving resources and landscapes for future generations?

Sustainable development

What is one action humans can take to reduce global warming?

Switching from a fossil fuel-based economy to one based on cleaner, renewable energy sources

If a country's nutritional density is much higher than its arithmetic or crude density, what can you reasonable assume about the country?

The country has a large amount of land that cannot be cultivated.

Which of the following is a challenge to using solar-generated electricity in places not connected to a power grid?

The lack of efficient and inexpensive battery technology

Which of the following statements is NOT true of a population pyramid that is inverted (i.e., has a wide top and a narrow base).

The population's growth rate is positive and near zero.

The Aral Sea has lost 90% of its water over the last 40 years because __________.

The rivers that feed it have been diverted for cotton produciton

The crude death rate _______.

Typically declines as overall levels of economic development go up

According to some recent military studies, future wars will most likely be triggered by what environmental issue(s)?

Water and food scarcity

Most of the population of sub-Saharan Africa relies on _____ as their main energy source.

Wood

Malthus, writing at the start of the Industrial Revolution, argued that population growth _________.

Would exceed the ability of people to feed themselves

A population's ___ is most influential in anticipating its effect on nature.

affluence

In a population with a total fertility rate of 2, _______

both birth rates and death rates are roughly equal and the population is stable

The degradation of land cover damage to the soil and water in grasslands and arid and semiarid lands is known as _______.

desertification

Demographic transition theory holds that _____.

high levels of economic production will lower birth rates.

In demographic transition theory, the "demographic trap" refers to the ________.

lag in declining fertility rates relative to mortality rates

Global temperature increases over the last century have been greatest ________.

over the Arctic

The great environmental benefit of hydropower as an energy source is that it

produces few atmospheric pollutants

In the US, as the Baby Boomers grow older, the population dependency ratio will _____.

rise

The interaction between the Old World and the New World, originating with the voyages of Columbus, is known as _______.

the Columbian Exchange

An example of major land-use changes related to cultivation is ____.

China purchasing large amounts of land from African countries

A Texan that moves to Canada _____ from Texas and _____ to Canada

Emigrates; Immigrates

What has happened to about 80% of the e-waste collected in the United States by recylers?

It was sent to developing countries

A population's rate of natural increase is an indicator for _______.

Population growth

The combination of the CBR and the CDR is a population's _____.

Rate of natural increase

Since the beginning of the 21st century, _____ has received more global voluntary migrants annually than any other country.

The United States

Which country is the largest consumer of energy in the world, according to our textbook authors?

The United States

Humans have always modified the environment to supply their needs. What makes the anthropocene so different in terms of ecological change?

The growth of urbanization and industrialization

Which of the following is true for a population that is in Stage 5 of the demographic transition?

The population may decrease

Demography is the study of population

characteristics

In US history, there have been numerous waves of internal voluntary migration. These include all of the following EXCEPT _______.

the Trail of Tears

Worldwide, a decline in total fertility rates is most strongly correlated to _________.

An increase in female education

Which of the following is NOT evidence of global climate change?

Disappearing rainforests

European colonization of the New World resulted in the greatest loss of human life in history. The primary factor responsible for this was ______.

Disease

Which of the following is NOT a common reason for moving to a new country?

Freedom from persecution

The use of fossil fuel increased dramatically during the _______.

Industrial Revolution

If you were to determine the demographic transition stage of a country, which piece of demographic information is LEAST useful?

Life expectancy

Environmental preservationists advocate that certain habitats, species and resources should be off-limits and left entirely alone, while conservationists encourage

Respectful and sustainable use of natural resources

Which of the following cohorts is the most economically active and productive in the US?

The middle cohort

Amenity migration is a form of ______.

Voluntary migration

As of February 2021, the current world population is about ______.

7.7 Billion

The IPAT model relates the factors of population size, level of affluence and technology to _______.

A populations impact on the environment

By 2050, _____ is expected to have the highest percentage of population increase of all world regions

Africa

As a country begins the demographic transition (Stage 2) ________.

Birth rates remain high while death rates decline

For which country would one expect the age-sex diagram to look like an actual pyramid

Bolivia

Which of the following statements is TRUE when a population has completed the demographic transition?

CDR=CBR

The most widely known tool to assess the size, distribution and other features of a population is a ________.

Census

Which of the following environmental philosophies is currently the most conventional, in the US and around the world?

Conservation

"Virtual water" refers to water ________.

Consumed in the production of other products, such as beef, cars or newspapers

What is the marine world's equivalent of the rainforest in terms of biodiversity in terms of biodiversity or species richness?

Coral Reefs

_______ is a measure of the number of people per unit of area (for example, people per square kilometer)

Crude Density

A population density map of the world shows that the distribution of people is most obviously affected by ____.

Environmental factors such as climate, topography, soil and water availability

A populations infant mortality rate is an indicator of all the following EXCEPT _______.

Fertility rate

Which of the following statements about global environmental changes is INCORRECT?

Global environmental change refers to changes occurring on the Earth's surface as a result of global warming

Why is energy consumption on the rise of peripheral countries?

Globalization has resulted in the spread of industry, consumer products and energy-intensive agricultural practices to peripheral countries.

_______ temporarily migrate to take jobs in other countries and send money back to their home communities

Guest Workers

Human adaptations to and uses of the natural environment ____.

Have been occurring for hundreds and thousands of years

Which of the following energy resources is renewable?

Hydropower

In countries such as Columbia, the Republic of Congo and Syria, civilian populations are being targeted by guerilla forces, paramilitaries or their own governments. These populations are fleeting under emergency conditions with few options for transportation and little money or outside aid. Most of these people will become _______.

Internally displaced persons