MOR 365 Survey of Infectious Diseases Lesson 1.1

Which type of bacteria is rod-shaped?

Bacillus

The term for the study of bacteria.

Bacteriology

How do bacteria reproduce?

Binary Fission(Simple Cell Division)

How do yeasts reproduce?

Budding

The term for a coating that a loose, gel-like structure that surrounds some bacterial cells and protects against phagocytosis.

Capsule

What is the semi-permeable structure that controls the movement of substances into and out of a cell?

Cell Membrane

What are the hair-like structures which act as oars to product motility?

Cillia

What are the three classifications of bacterial shapes?

Cocci Bacilli Spirals

Which type of bacteria is round or spherical?

Coccus

What word/prefix describes an arrangement in which two cells are paired together?

Diplo-

How would a pair of rod-shaped bacteria be classified?

Diplobacilli

What bacterial structure is formed at a time when environmental conditions are adverse or unfavorable?

Endosport

What is the major difference between a eukaryote and a prokaryote?

Eukaryote=nucleus/bigger Prokaryote-No nucleus/smaller

What is the whip-like structure used for motility?

Flagella

What type of microbe are yeasts and molds?

Fungi

What characteristic do rickettsia and chlamydia have in common that makes them different from other bacteria?

Intracellular Parasite

What does "obligate intra-cellular parasite" mean?

Must have a human host in order to grow/thrive Can only reproduce within a similar host

What does a virus consist of?

Piece of genetic material wrapped in protein ONE type of nucleic acid: either DNA or RNA

Which structure(s) allows a bacteria to adhere or attach to host tissues?

Pili

What is the function of a cell wall?

Prevent rupture when the osmotic pressure inside the cell differs greatly from outside the cell.

What is the study of protozoa?

Protozoology

Define Microbiology

Scientific study of microorganisms and their effect on other living organisms.

Are bacteria single-celled or multi-cellular organisms?

Single-celled

What is the difference between a spirillum and a spirochete?

Spirochete=Flexible Cell Wall Spirillum=Rigid Cell Wall

What word/prefix describes an arrangement in which several cells are attached together to form a cluster?

Staphyl-

How would a cluster of spherical-shaped bacteria be classified?

Staphylococci

What word/prefix describes an arrangement in which several cells are attached to form a chain?

Strept-

How would a chain of rod -shaped bacteria be classified?

Streptobacilli

How would a chain of spherical-shaped bacteria be classified?

Streptococci

Define Mycology

Study of Fungi

Define Rickettsiology.

Study of rickettsia.

Describe the sporulating state of a bacteria.

The cell forms a highly resistant form of itself that can survive for thousands of years. Formed when encounters adverse environmental conditions.

What are the 3 subdivisions of spiral-shaped bacteria?

Vibrio Spirillum Spirochete

Which classification of spiral bacteria is shaped like a comma?

Vibrios

What is the term for the study of viruses?

Virology

Describe the vegetative state of a bacteria.

When conditions are favorable for growth, the endospore germinates and the bacteria returns to its normal state, this is the vegetative state.

Capsule

a coating that surrounds some bacterial cells; a loose gel-like structure that, in pathogenic bacteria, helps to protect against phagocytosis.

Rickettsia

a genus of gram-negative, pathogenic, obligate intracellular parasitic bacteria.

Staphylococci

a genus of gram-positive, non-motile, opportunistic bacteria which tend to aggregate in irregular, grape-like clusters.

Spirillum

a genus of spiral bacteria having a corkscrew shape with a rigid cell wall.

Vibrio

a genus of spiral bacteria which are curved or bent rods that resemble commas.

Mycoplasmas

a group of bacteria that lack cell walls and are highly pleomorphic (able to assume different forms.)

Fungi

a group of diverse and widespread unicellular and multicellular organisms, lacking chlorophyll, usually bearing spores and often filamentous.

Chlamydia

a large group of non-motile, gram-negative intracellular parasites.

Binary Fission

a method of asexual reproduction involving halving of the nucleus and cytoplasm of the cell followed by the development of each half into a new individual cell.

Diplobacilli

a pair of bacilli linked end to end.

Bacteria

a prokaryotic one-celled microorganism of the Kingdom Monera, existing as free-living organisms or as parasites, multiplying by binary fission and having a large range of biochemical properties.

Prion

a small proteinaceous infectious particle that believed to be responsible for spongiform encephalopathies in humans and other mammals.

Endospore

a thick-walled body produced by a bacterium to enable it to survive unfavorable environmental conditions.

Virus

an intracellular, infectious parasite capable of replicating only in living cells, containing only one form of nucleic acid.

Rickettsiology

area of science that studies Rickettsia.

Protozoa

eukaryotic, animal-like, unicellular organisms; some of which may be pathogenic.

Streptobacilli

rod-shaped bacteria occurring in chains.

Bacillus

rod-shaped bacteria.

Protozoology

science that deals with the study of protozoa.

Microbiology

scientific study of microorganisms and their effects on other living organisms.

Streptococci

spherical-shaped bacteria occurring in chains.

Spirochete

spiral-shaped bacteria having a flexible cell wall.

Mycology

the branch of science concerned with the study of fungi.

Bacteriology

the science that studies bacteria

Virology

the study of viruses and viral diseases

Coccus

the type of bacteria that is spherical or round in form