Muscles (Origin, Insertion, Action, Innervation)
Abductor digiti minimi
Action: Abducts fifth digit Innervation: Lateral plantar nerve
Abductor hallucis
Action: Abducts hallux Innervation: Medial plantar
Fibularis tertius
Action: Dorsiflexes and everts foot Innervation: Deep fibular nerve
Tibialis anterior
Action: Dorsiflexes and inverts foot Innervation: Deep fibular nerve
Extensor digitorum longus
Action: Extends digis 2-5; dorsiflexes foot Innervation: Deep fibular
Extensor digitorum brevis
Action: Extends digits 1-4 Innervation: Deep fibular nerve
Extensor hallucis longus
Action: Extends hallux; dorsiflexes foot Innervation Deep fibular nerve
Flexor digitorum brevis
Action: Flexes digits 2-5 Innervation: Medial plantar nerve
Flexor digitorum longus
Action: Flexes digits 2-5; plantar flexes and inverts foot Innervation: Tibial nerve
Flexor hallucis longus
Action: Flexes hallux; plantar flexes foot Innervation: Tibial nerve
Gastrocnemius
Action: Flexes leg; plantar flexes foot Innervation: Tibial nerve
Plantaris
Action: Flexes leg; plantar flexes foot Innervation: Tibial nerve
Popliteus
Action: Flexes leg; rotates tibia medially Innervation: Tibial nerve
Gemellus inferior
Action: Lateral rotation of hip (thigh); some abduction
Gernellus superior
Action: Lateral rotation of hip or thigh; some abduction
Obturator Internus
Action: Lateral rotation of hip or thigh; some abduction
Quadratus femoris
Action: Lateral rotation of thigh
Fibularis longus
Action: Plantar flexes and everts foot Innervation: Superficial fibular
Fibularis brevis
Action: Plantar flexes and everts foot Innervation: Superficial fibular nerve
Tibialis posterior
Action: Plantar flexes and inverts foot Innervation: Tibial nerve
Soleus
Action: Plantar flexes foot Innervation: Tibial nerve
Psoas major
Origin: All lumbar vertebrae Insertion: Lesser trochanter of femur Action: Flexes thigh; flexes trunk (or flexes hip) Innervation: Lumbar nerves
Rectus femoris
Origin: Anterior inferior iliac spine; superior margin of acetabulum Insertion: Tibial tuberosity Action: Extension of leg Innervation: Femoral nerve
Tensor fasciae latae
Origin: Anterior portion of crest of ilium Insertion: Iliotibial tract of fascia lata Action: Flex, abduct and medially rotate hip (thigh) Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve
Piriformis
Origin: Anterior sacrum Insertion: Greater trochanter of femur Action: Lateral rotation of hip (thigh) Innervation: N. to piriformis
Vastus intermedius
Origin: Anterior shaft of upper femur Insertion: Tibial tuberosity Action: Extension of leg of knee Innervation: Femoral nerve
Sartorius
Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine Insertion: Upper part of medial surface of tibia Action: Flexes leg and thigh Innervation: Femoral nerve
Iliacus
Origin: Iliac fossa Insertion: Lesser trochanter of femur Action: Flexes hip Innervation: Femoral nerve
Adductor brevis
Origin: Inferior pubic ramus Insertion: Upper part of posterior femur Action: Adduct hip Innervation: Obturator nerve
Biceps femoris long head
Origin: Ischial tuberosity Insertion: Head of fibula Action: Flexes leg; extends thigh Innervation: Tibial nerve
Semimembranosus
Origin: Ischial tuberosity Insertion: Posterior upper tibia Action: Flexes leg and extends thigh Innervation: tibial nerve
Semitendinosus
Origin: Ischial tuberosity Insertion: upper part of medial tibia Action: Flexes leg; extends thigh Innervation: tibial nerve
Vastus lateralis
Origin: Lateral lip of linea aspera Insertion: Tibial tuberosity Action: Extension of leg or knee Innervation: Femoral nerve
Vastus medialis
Origin: Medial lip of linea aspera Insertion: Tibial tuberosity Action: Extension of leg or knee Innervation: Femoral nerve
Gluteus medius
Origin: Outer surface and crest of ilium Insertion: Greater trochanter of femur Action:Abducts hip (thigh) Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve
Gluteus minimus
Origin: Outer surface of ilium Insertion: Greater trochanter of femur Action: Abducts thigh Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve
Adductor longus
Origin: Pubic bone Insertion: Linea aspera Action: Adducts, flexes hip (thigh); Some lateral rotation Innervation: Obturator nerve
Gracilis
Origin: Pubic bone Insertion: Upper part of medial surface of tibia Action: Flexes knee; adduction of hip (thigh) Innervation: Obturator nerve
Pectineus
Origin: Pubis Insertion: Upper part of posterior femur Action: Adducts, flexes hip (thigh) Innervation: Femoral nerve
Adductor magnus
Origin: Rami or pubis and ischcium Insertion: Linea aspera; adductor tubercle Action: Adducts hip Innervation: Obturator nerve
Gluteus maximus
Origin: posterior portion of ilium; post. lower part of sacrum and coccyx Insertion: Gluteal tuberosity and iliotibial tract of fascia lata Action: Extension and lateral rotation of hip (thigh) Innervation: Inferior gluteal nerve
Biceps Femoris short head
Origin: shaft of femur Insertion: with the long head - they share a common tendon Action: Flexes leg Innervation: Common fibular nerve
