Musculoskeletal lab 1

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Semi-spinalis: capitis. Transversospinalis - Origin: TP C7-T7, articular processes C4-C6 - Insertion: Occipital bone between superior & inferior nuchal line - Action: Bilaterally: Spine extension. Unilaterally= contralateral spine rotation - Nerve: Dorsal Rami of local spinal nerves - Artery: Occipital, deep cervical, vertebral arteries

Blue

Serratus posterior inferior - Origin: Aponeurosis from SP T11-T12, L1 & L2 and their supraspinous ligament - Insertion: Ribs 9-12 lateral to angles - Action: Depression of ribs - Nerve: T9- T11 Intercostal nerves. T12 subcostal nerve - Artery: Posterior intercostal arteries/veins

Bottom green

Multifidus - sacral - Origin: Sacral groove of dorsal sacrum. Erector spinae, Posterior sacroiliac ligaments, PSIS - Insertion: SP 2-4 levels above origin - Action: Bilaterally: Spine extension & lateral flexion. Unilaterally= contralateral spine rotation - Nerve: Dorsal Rami of local spinal nerves - Artery: Local dorsal branches of posterior intercostal arteries

Bottom yellow

Inferior border: Obliquus capitis inferior - Origin: SP of axis - Insertion: TP of atlas - Action: Rotates atlas and head - Nerve: Dorsal ramus of C1 (suboccipital nerve) - Artery: Vertebral artery branches

Burgandy

Rhomboid major - Origin: SP T2-T5 and its supraspinous ligament - Insertion: Medial border of scapula, below the spine - Action: Adduction, inferior rotation - Nerve: C5 Dorsal scapular nerve - Artery: Dorsal scapular artery

Cobalt blue, lowest of the 3

Suboccipital nerve, vertebral artery

Content (through the triangle)

Medial border: Rectus capitis posterior major - Origin: SP of axis (C2) - Insertion: Occipital bone: inferior nuchal line and below - Action: Head extension and same side rotation - Nerve: Dorsal ramus of C1 (suboccipital nerve) - Artery: Vertebral artery branches

Dark blue

Splenius capitis. Spinotransversalis - Origin: Ligamentum nuchae (inferior half), SP C7-T2 - Insertion: Mastoid process, superior nuchal line (lateral end) - Action: Bilaterally = head and neck extension. Unilaterally=lateral flexion & same side rotation - Nerve: Dorsal rami of middle and lower cervical nerves - Artery: Descending branch of occipital arteries. Deep cervical arteries

Dark blue

Longissimus: Thoracis - Origin: Sacrum (posterior aspect), TP's, TP's, Lumbar vertebrae accessory processes - Insertion: TP T1-T12, Ribs T3-T12 between tubercles & angles - Action: Bilaterally = spine extension. Unilaterally = lateral flexion and rotation - Nerve: Dorsal rami of local spinal nerves, lower thoracis, lumbar - Artery: Posterior intercostal arteries (Upper/lower branches), subcostal artery

Dark purple

Rhomboid minor - Origin: Ligamentum nuchae, SP C7-T1 - Insertion: Base of spine, medial border - Action: Adduction, inferior rotation - Nerve: C5 Dorsal scapular nerve - Artery: Dorsal scapular artery

Darkest blue

Posterior atlanto-occipital membrane

Floor

Semi-spinalis: Thoracis. Transversospinalis - Origin: TP T6-T10 - Insertion: SP C6-T5 - Action: Bilaterally: Spine extension & lateral flexion. Unilaterally= contralateral spine rotation - Nerve: Dorsal Rami of local spinal nerves - Artery: Local dorsal branches of posterior intercostal arteries

Green

Iliocostalis: Cervicis - Origin: Ribs 3-6 angle - Insertion: TP C4- C6 - Action: Bilaterally = spine extension. Unilaterally = lateral flexion and rotation - Nerve: Dorsal rami of local spinal nerves - Artery: Occipital arteries, deep cervical arteries, vertebral arteries

Light blue

Rectus capitis posterior minor - Origin: Tubercle of posterior arch of atlas - Insertion: Inferior nuchal line and below to foramen magnum - Action: Head extension - Nerve: Dorsal ramus of C1 (suboccipital nerve) - Artery: Vertebral artery branches

Light blue

Splenius cervicis. Spinotransversalis - Origin: SP T3-T6 - Insertion: TP C1-C2 - Action: Bilaterally = head and neck extension. Unilaterally=lateral flexion & same side rotation - Nerve: Dorsal rami of lower cervical nerves - Artery: Descending branch of occipital arteries. Deep cervical arteries

Light blue

Iliocostalis: Thoracis - Origin: Ribs 7-12 angle - Insertion: Ribs 1-6 angle, TP C7 - Action: Bilaterally = spine extension. Unilaterally = lateral flexion and rotation - Nerve: Dorsal rami of local spinal nerves, of upper thoracic spinal nerves, of lower thoracic spinal nerves. - Artery: Posterior intercostal arteries, occipital arteries, deep cervical arteries.

Light green

Longissimus: Cervicis - Origin: TP: T1-T5 or T6 - Insertion: TP C2-C6 - Action: Bilaterally = spine extension. Unilaterally = lateral flexion and rotation - Nerve: Dorsal rami of local spinal nerves - Artery: occipital arteries, deep cervical arteries, vertebral arteries

Light purple

Levator scapulae - Origin: TP of C1-C4 (posterior tubercles) - Insertion: Superior angle and medial border of scapula - Action: Elevates spine, inferior rotation of scapula, adduction - Nerve: Dorsal scapular nerve - Artery: Dorsal scapular artery

Lightest blue

Intertransversarii lumborum lateralis (anterior & posterior) - Origin: TP's - Insertion: TP's - Action: ? - Nerve: Ventral rami of local spinal nerves - Artery: Local dorsal branches of lumbar arteries

Lower purple lateral

Multifidus - lumbar - Origin: Mamillary processes - Insertion: 2-4 levels above origin - Action: Bilaterally: Spine extension & lateral flexion. Unilaterally= contralateral spine rotation - Nerve: Dorsal Rami of local spinal nerves - Artery: Local dorsal branches of posterior intercostal arteries

Lower yellow

Rotatores - thoracis - Origin: TP's - Insertion: Base of spine 1 or 2 levels above - Action: Bilaterally=spine extension & lateral flexion. Unilaterally=contralateral spine rotation - Nerve: Dorsal rami of local spinal nerves - Artery: Dorsal branches posterior intercostal arteries

Middle orange

Spinalis: cervicis - Origin: Ligamentum nuchae (lower part), SP C7-T2 - Insertion: SP C2 (C3-C4) - Action: Bilaterally = spine extension. Unilaterally = lateral flexion and rotation - Nerve: Dorsal rami of local spinal nerves - Artery: occipital arteries, deep cervical arteries, vertebral arteries

Middle red (not visible)

Multifidus - Thoracic - Origin: TP's - Insertion: SP 2-4 levels above origin - Action: Bilaterally: Spine extension & lateral flexion. Unilaterally= contralateral spine rotation - Nerve: Dorsal Rami of local spinal nerves - Artery: Local dorsal branches of posterior intercostal arteries

Middle yellow

Lattisimus Dorsi - Origin: Aponeurosis fused w/ thoracolumbar fascia. Inferior angle of scapula, ribs 9-12, posterior part of iliac crest. Supraspinous ligament T6-SACRUM - Insertion: Bottom of intertubercular groove of humerus - Action: Extension, adduction, medial rotation - Nerve: C6, C7, C8 Thoracodorsal nerve (middle subscapular) - Artery: Thoracodorsal artery

Pink

Intertransversarii. Interspinalis (not pictured) - Action: Spine extension - Nerve: Dorsal rami - Artery: Dorsal branches of ascending cervical arteries, posterior intercostal arteries, and lumbar arteries

Purple

Semi-spinalis: cervicis. Transversospinalis - Origin: TP T1-T6, - Insertion: SP C2-C5 - Action: Bilaterally: Spine extension & lateral flexion. Unilaterally= contralateral spine rotation - Nerve: Dorsal Rami of local spinal nerves - Artery: deep cervical, vertebral arteries

Purple

Lateral border: Obliquus capitis superior - Origin: TP's of atlas - Insertion: Between superior & inferior nuchal line - Action: Head extension & lateral flexion - Nerve: Dorsal ramus of C1 (suboccipital nerve) - Artery: Vertebral artery branches

Red

Trapezius: Lower - Origin: SP T7-T12 - Insertion: scapula base tubercle - Action: Scapular superior rotation, draws downward, adduction - Nerve: Cranial Nerve XI - spinal accessory. Subtrapezial nerve plexus (C3, C$) - Artery: Transverse Cervical Nerve

Red bottom

Trapezius: Middle - Origin: SP C7-T6 - Insertion: acromion, scapula spine - Action: scapular adduction - Nerve: Cranial Nerve XI - spinal accessory. C3, C4 (proprio) ventral rami branches - Artery: Transverse Cervical Nerve

Red middle

Trapezius: Superior - Origin: EOP, Superior nuchal line (medial 1/3), ligamentum nuchae, SP C7 - Insertion: Lateral 3rd Clavicle - Action: Shoulder Elevation, Scapular adduction, scapular superior rotation - Nerve: Cranial Nerve XI - spinal accessory. C3, C4 (proprio) ventral rami branches - Artery: Transverse Cervical Nerve

Red top

Semi-spinalis capitis

Roof

Serratus posterior superior - Origin: Ligamentum nuchae, inferior end of aponeurosis,nSP C7-T3 and its supraspinous ligament - Insertion: Ribs 2-5 lateral to angles - Action: Elevation of ribs - Nerve: T2- T4 Intercostal nerves - Artery: Posterior intercostal arteries/veins

Top green

Multifidus - Cervical - Origin: Articular process C4-C7 - Insertion: SP 2-4 levels above origin - Action: Bilaterally: Spine extension & lateral flexion. Unilaterally= contralateral spine rotation - Nerve: Dorsal Rami of local spinal nerves - Artery: Local dorsal branches of posterior intercostal arteries

Top yellow

Rotatores - cervicis - Origin: Articular processes - Insertion: Base of spine 1 or 2 levels above - Action: Bilaterally=spine extension & lateral flexion. Unilaterally=contralateral spine rotation - Nerve: Dorsal rami of local spinal nerves - Artery: Dorsal branches of ascending cervical arteries

Upper Orange

Spinalis: capitis - Origin: Part of semispinalis capitis, SP C7-T1 - Insertion: Occipital bone between superior & inferior nuchal line - Action: Bilaterally = spine extension. Unilaterally = lateral flexion and rotation - Nerve: Dorsal rami of local spinal nerves - Artery: occipital arteries, deep cervical arteries, vertebral arteries

Upper red (not visible)

Longissimus: capitis - Origin: Tp T1-T5 or T6. Articular process of C4-C7 - Insertion: Mastoid process (deep to splenius capitus), sternocleidomastoid - Action: Bilaterally = spine extension. Unilaterally = lateral flexion and rotation - Nerve: Dorsal rami of local spinal nerves - Artery: occipital arteries, deep cervical arteries, vertebral arteries

White

Interspinalis - lumborum - Origin: SP T12-S1 - Insertion: SP T12-S1 - Action: Extension - Nerve: Dorsal rami of local spinal nerves - Artery: Local dorsal branches of lumbar arteries

lower

Rotatores - lumborum - Origin: Mammillary processes - Insertion: Inferior margin of lamina above - Action: Bilaterally=spine extension & lateral flexion. Unilaterally=contralateral spine rotation - Nerve: Dorsal rami of local spinal nerves - Artery: Dorsal branches of lumbar arteries

lower orange

Intertransversarir lumborum medialis - Origin: Accessory process - Insertion: Mamillary processes - Action: Extension & lateral flexion - Nerve: Dorsal rami of local spinal nerves - Artery: Local dorsal branches of lumbar arteries

lower purple medial

Interspinalis - Thoracis - Origin: SP T1-T3, T11-T12 - Insertion: SP T1-T3, T11-T12 - Action: Extension - Nerve: Dorsal rami of local spinal nerves - Artery: Local dorsal branches of posterior thoracic arteries

middle

Intertransversarii thoracic - Origin: TP T9-L1 - Insertion: TP T9-L1 - Action: Extension & lateral flexion - Nerve: Dorsal rami of local spinal nerves - Artery: Local dorsal branches of posterior thoracic arteries

middle purple

Levatores costarum brevis & longus - Origin: TP C7-T11 - Insertion: 1 or 2 ribs below origin between the tubercle and angle - Action: Elevate ribs, lateral flexion, spine rotation - Nerve: Local dorsal primary rami (C8-T11) - Artery: Local branches of posterior intercostal arteries

orange

Spinalis: thoracis - Origin: SP T11-T12 - Insertion: SP T1-T8 - Action: Bilaterally = spine extension. Unilaterally = lateral flexion and rotation - Nerve: Dorsal rami of local, upper/lower thoracic - Artery: Posterior intercostal arteries (upper/lower dorsal branches), subcostal arteries

red

Interspinalis - Cervicis - Origin: Apices of SP C2-T1 - Insertion: Apices of SP C2-T1 - Action: Extension - Nerve: Dorsal rami of local spinal nerves - Artery: Local dorsal branches of ascending cervical arteries

upper

Intertransversarii cervicis anterior & posterior - Origin: TP C2-T1 - Insertion: C2-T1 - Action: Extension & lateral flexion - Nerve: Ventral rami except medial part of muscle is supplied by dorsal rami - Artery: Local dorsal branches of ascending cervical arteries

upper purple

Iliocostalis: Lumborum - Origin: Common tendon of origin - lateral part, iliac crest, sacrum - Instertion: Ribs 7-12 lateral to angles - Action: Bilaterally = spine extension. Unilaterally = lateral flexion and rotation - Nerve: Dorsal rami of lower thoracic nerves, of lumbar spinal nerves - Artery: Lateral sacral arteries or dorsal branches, posterior intercostal arteries, lumbar arteries.

yellow


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