music appreciation
This Classical instrumental work features a syntactic form and clearly tonal harmonies.
Eine kleine Nachtmusik by W.A. Mozart
This important work pointed the way towards new directions in American classical music.
Electric Counterpoint, third movement by Steve Reich
Which of the following is NOT considered a typical family of Western instruments.
Electrical
This style of Modern composition often features high rate of repetition and slow rate of change over time.
Minimalism
This composer broke new ground in classical music with the premiere of this shocking piece in 1912.
Mondestrunken by Arnold Schoenberg
The atonal melody of this piece caused much scandal during its premiere in 1912.
Mondestrunken from Pierrot lunaire by Arnold Schoenberg
This 20th-century style of composition sought to return to the practices of Mozart and his contemporaries.
Neo-Classicism
This style of post-World-War-I composition sought to return to the principles associated with the lush harmonic properties of late 19th-century classical music.
Neo-Romanticism
This version of the Catholic Mass is typically associated with funerals.
Requiem
Mixed meter makes this piece difficult to count.
Sacrifical Dance from The Rite of Spring by Igor Stravinsky
This American minimalistic composer's music often features techniques like phase music and polyrhythms.
Steve Reich
This piece was seen as a transitional work from the Classical to the Romantic style for this composer.
Symphony No. 5 in C minor, first movement by Ludwing van Beethoven
Which of the following is NOT an essential element for sound?
Vaccum
This operatic genre, popular in the late 19th century, often featured "everyday people in everday situations".
Verismo
Which sort of piece exclusively employs 3/4 (simple triple) time signatures?
Waltz
Hildegard von Bingen was _______.
a German Medieval composer
Meaning "in the style of the chapel", this type of singing only features human voices.
a capella
The high point in the melodic line, usually representing a peak in intensity as well as in range, is called _____.
a climax
When a succession of pitches are heard as a single unit, this is called ______.
a melody
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was ________.
an Austrian Classical composer
Giovanni Perluigi Palestrina was ______.
an Italian Renaissance composer
The vertical distance between any two pitches can be called ______.
an interval
The vertical distance between any two pitches of a melody is called ______.
an interval
The interval associated with a doubling (or halving) of a pitch's frequency is called ______.
an octave
How does sound travel through an elastic medium?
as a wave
These types of harmonies were created in the early 20th century, which can be chord-based, but have no regard for singular tonic-based scale or tonal center.
atonal harmonies
In this non-functional harmonic system, chords can be combined in any sequence.
atonality
The vertical lines that separate measures on a musical score are called _____.
bar lines
The vertical lines that separate measures on a musical score are known as _____.
bar lines
Often portrayed as priests or villains in operas, this type of male voice is considered to be the lowest.
bass
Which male voice has the lowest vocal range?
bass
This symbol is known as which clef?
bass clef
A basic unit of rhythm, a _____ is a regular pulse that divides musical time into equal segments.
beat
The regular pulse of a piece of music is otherwise known as the ______.
beat
To which orchestral family do the featured instruments, accompained by the snare drum, in this clip belong?
brass
This imitative composition features one melody that is played in multiple voices/instruments, but started at different times, made most famous by a German Baroque composer named Johann Pachelbel.
canon
This strictly imitative polyphonic work contains multiple voices that play the same (or a very similar) melody, but start it at different times.
canon
A string quartet, piano trio, or duo sonata are musical ensembles that play which kind of music?
chamber music
These types of harmonies are chord based, but with "lessening regard" for a tonic-based scale.
chromatic
The most exciting, high point in a musical line is called the _______.
climax
The conductor is usually responsible for all of the follwing except:
composing the music
Melodies that feature smaller, often step-wise intervals consisting of primarily consecutive pitches is said to be ______.
conjunct
The overall shape of a melody is known as its _____.
contour
This term refers to how independent melodic lines interact within a polyphonic texture.
counterpoint
This is the highest male voice type, sometimes referred to as falsettists.
countertenor
Match the symbol below with the correct musical term:
crescendo
This 19th-century Afro-Cuban dance rhythm is often a staple rhythmic feature of popular music.
habanera
With respect to texture, ______ considers only the vertical aspect of music, where pitches combine simultaneously, creating chords over the course of a musical work.
harmony
The instrument heard here is typically plucked.
harp
Select the correct type of texture heard in the audio clip below:
homophony
This type of texture occurs when there is one leading melody with subordinate accompaniment.
homophony
This type of texture results when there is one leading melody supported by subordinate musical accompaniment.
homophony
A special type of homophony, this type of texture features a melody harmonized in multiple voices with the same rhythms.
homorhythm
This is a special type of homophonic texture where a melody is harmonized with the same rhythms in different voices/instruments.
homorhythm
When one melody is harmonized in multiple voices with the same rhythms, this type of texture is ________.
homorhythmic
What does the top number of the time signature tell you?
how many beats are in each measure
When a melody is stated in one voice, then similarly in another, this is called ______.
imitation
When a melody is stated in one voice, then similarly so in another within a polyphonic texture, this compositional technique is called ____.
imitation
____________ means "the (vertical) distance between two pitches."
interval
Noise is made up of ________ sound waves.
irregular
Focus on the vocal melody in the following excerpt and select the option that best completes the sentence: "In the opening phrase, Ms. Garland sings a vocal melody that ___________."
is a mixture of conjunct and disjunct motion
Listen to the same clip and decide now which answer best finishes the statement below on texture: "The song opens with texture that _____________."
is primarily homophonic because Ms. Garland's vocal melody is supported by the orchestra.
Which of the following would be acceptable analogies describing the melodic contour of the opening phrase of Mozart's Eine kleine Nachtmusik as heard below:
jagged like the "random" setting on an elliptical machine very smooth and languid, like a still lake jumpy like an airplane going through turbulence
The organ, piano, and harpsichord belong to which instrumental family?
keyboards
Considering the human voice as an instrument, its actuator (power source) are the ______.
lungs
One iteration of a group of beats are contained within a ______.
measure
A line, or tune, in music is called a _____.
melody
With respect to texture, ______ only considers the horizontal aspect of music, namely in the combination of successive pitches heard as discrete units over the course of a musical work.
melody
Instrumental music overtakes vocal music in importance for the first time in which musical period?
romantic
"Row, row, row your boat" is _____, a smple type of canon that can be repeated indefinitely.
round
A vey simple type canon that can be repeated indefinitely is called a ______.
round
Marches are almost universally in which time signature?
simple duple (2/4)
Most pop music is written in this meter.
simple quadruple (4/4)
With its slow tempo, the meter in "Romance" is more easily identifiable as [1] quadruple meter because the beats played by the piano seem to be grouped in groups of two and [2].
simple, four
This is the most simple type of sound wave.
sine wave
In which musical family would you find the violin, viola, cello, and guitar?
strings
The violin, viola, cello, and double bass all belong to which orchestral section?
strings
The song "Hip Hop Hooray" by Naughty by Nature features ______, a deliberate upsetting of the normal pattern of accents.
syncopation
_____ is a deliberate upsetting of the normal pattern of accents.
syncopation
The number of melodies sounding at the same time, often referencing the instruments making them is called ______.
texture
_____ describes the number of pitches/melodies sounding at the same time, often referencing the things creating them.
texture
What is pitch?
the "highness" or "lowness" of a sound
Texture is defined as ____.
the interweaving of melodic lines with harmony
This is the largest, most common instrumental ensemble in Western music.
the orchestra
Which instrument does NOT belong in the woodwind section?
trumpet
Which instrument does the concertmaster play?
violin
What does the bottom number of a time signature tell you?
which note gets one beat
Bands are ensembles that typically rely on which two instrumental sections?
winds and percussion
The flute, oboe, and bassoon belong to this musical family.
woodwinds
Decide whether or not the following sentence accurately and completely begins an analytical paragraph on melody and texture: "I greatly enjoyed 'Somewhere Over the Rainbow' performed by Judy Garland due to its impressive melodic and subtle textural features."
yes
Does the following sentence make for an effective opening statement for a concert report? "Mozart's "Eine kleine Nachtmusik" is an aggressive, dynamic work that I enjoy because of its melody and texture."
yes
These types of chords typically need to resolve back to tonic chords.
dominant
Musical texture is concerned with all of the following dimensions EXCEPT which one?
dynamics
Symbols that indicate the volume at which music is to be played are called ______.
dynamics
This register of the human voice typically produces the highest sounds.
falsetto
The concert master usually plays which instrument?
first violin
An element of pitch, _______ concerns the number of vibrations per second a musical tone has.
frequency
The number of cycles of vibrations per second, measured in Hertz (Hz) is called ______.
frequency
Chordophones produce sound _____.
from a vibrating string stretched between two points
This is a specific type of contrapuntal composition where a melody is stated in one voice, then successively introduced and developed by interweaving subsequent parts.
fugue
This human vocal registration produces the lowest tones/frequencies, as sometimes heard in gospel bass singers.
glottal fry
This basic unit of rhythm occurs between beats in a measure.
offbeat
_______ produce sound from a vibrating string stretched between two points.
Chordophones
In this style of composition, one or more musical elements are left to chance, individually determined by the performer (or audience).
Aleatoric music
Which of the following is the best/most complete option for opening statements about the rhythm of "Footloose"?
"Footloose" by Kenny Loggins is a classic 80's song I enjoy chiefly because of its complex and engaging rhythms.
Which of the following is NOT an intial off-shoot of 19th-Century Romanticism.
(Russian) Socialism
Select the proper order for these sentences in a paragraph about rhythm.
1. "Footloose" by Kenny Loggins is a 2. Rhythm is what moves music 3. Overall the rhythms in "Footloose" 4. The song began with a regular 5. In each section, I was able to detect 6. Because of its engaging rhythmic
Please order the sentence types in their correct sequence for a paragraph analyzing the rhythms of "Romance" by Claude Debussy.
1. I really enjoyed listening to 2. Rhythm is what moves music 3. Overall the rhythms of the piano 4. At the beginning, the piano played simple 5. The meter seemed to be consistently simple 6. The refined interaction of the simple
How many pitches are used in a dodecaphonic melody?
12
A backbeat places accents on which two beats?
2 and 4
In simple meter, big beats can usually be divided into groups of ___ and ____.
2 and 4
Many "rock and roll" songs employ the use of backbeat, which places accents on beats:
2 and 4
Which of the following is an example of duple meter?
2/2
In compound meter, big beats are generally subdivded into groups of
3 smaller beats
Which one of the following time signatues indicates irregular meter?
5/4
How many beats are in a measure of "9/8" time?
9
Choose the correct defintion of sound.
A physical sensation produced in the organs of hearing when certain vibrations (sound waves) are caused in the surrounding air by a vibrating body
What is a melody?
A succession of pitches perceived by a listener as a single entity
Instruments in this category produce sound by using air.
Aerophone
Listen to this excerpt from "Footloose" by Kenny Loggins, and decide whether or not you agree that the percussion plays a regular backbeat.
Agree
This German Modern composer is known for creating serialism and dodecaphonia.
Arnold Schoenberg
This piece of instrumental music would be considered program music.
Blue Cathedral by Jennifer Higdon
This famous Baroque instrumental work uses a compositional device where similar melodies overlap.
Canon in D by Johann Pachelbel
Tonal harmonies first became the prevailing style during which musical era?
Common Practice Era
______ describes the relationship between independent melodic lines in polyphony.
Counterpoint
This song features a modal melody with mostly conjunct motion.
Dies irae by Thomas of Celano
Listen to the clip below and decide whether or not you agree with the following statement: The rhythms of the vocal line were predominantly syncopated, often clashing with the piano accompaniment.
Disagree
A contemporary of Mozart, ______ was another Austrian Classical composer.
Franz Joseph Haydn
This Austrian Romantic composer was known for dedicated his life to writing art songs.
Franz Schubert
This is the French equivalent of German Lieder.
French melodie
The ______ is a 19th-century rhythmic figure found in Cuban social dancing.
Habanera
This Russian Modern composer shocked Parisian audiences with his ballet The Rite of Spring.
Igor Stravinsky
Which of the following is NOT an essential property of a musical tone?
Interpretation
In this composition, homorhythmic texture makes the words very easy to understand.
Jesu meine Freude by J.S. Bach
Known for his famous "Canon in D", _______ was a German Baroque composer.
Johann Pachelbel
__________ was a German Baroque composer.
Johann Sebastian Bach
The genre from which this work comes contributed to the formation of jazz in America.
Maple Leaf Rag by Scott Joplin
The composition heard here is an excellent example of polyphonic texture.
Sicut cervus by Giovanni Perluigi Palestrina
Choose the sentence that best exemplifies an appropriate summary statement for a paragraph on the rhythms in "Romance" by Claude Debussy.
The refined interaction of the simple, slow rhythms of the piano and voice combined to make "Romance" by Claude Debussy a very enjoyable song.
Which sentence best describes the nature of the piano playing for this excerpt of "Romance" by Claude Debussy.
The rhythms of the piano sounded simple, regular, and slow.
The composition heard here takes a familiar tune and introduces changes in order to show off compositional and performance prowess.
Twelve variations on "Ah dirais-vous je maman" by W.A. Mozart
Fill in the correct term for each definition in this sentence: [1] can be described as when several pitches in succession are perceived as a single unit, whereas [2] is described as the number of pitches and melodies sounding together, usually referencing instrumentation.
melody., texture
How beats are grouped together is called ______.
meter
This term refers to how beats are organized.
meter
The [1], or how the beats are grouped, of "Footloose" remains consistent throughout. I noticed it was [2] meter, or "4/4 time", because I could regularly count [3] beats in each measure.
meter, simple quadruple, four
This is the medium female voice type.
mezzo soprano
These types of harmonies are typically associated with music from the Early Era and the Roman Catholic church.
modal harmonies
This human vocal registration is typcially associated with singing and speaking.
modal voice
When Whitney Houston belts her face off in "I Will Always Love You", which vocal register is she using?
modal voice
This type of texture occurs when there is only a single melody with no accompaniment.
monophony
What is the correct type of texture displayed in the clip below?
monophony
Decide whether or not you agree with the following general statement about melodic attributes in your concert report: "When discussing melodic attributes, you should address all attributes (range, motion, contour, phrasing, and climax) instead of just a couple that stick out to you."
no
____ is perceived as an irregular succession of soundwaves.
noise
Music that moves without any strong sense of beat or meter is said to be ______.
nonmetric
____ are a system of symbols that represent pitch, usually refered to in Western music by the first seven letters of the alphabet.
notes
Which important interval represents a frequency doubling?
octave
This rhythmic figure occurs between the major beats in a measure.
off beat
The smaller unit of measurement within the context of an entire melody is called a ______.
phase
With this minimalistic compositional technique, simple musical ideas are begun simultaneously, then slowly moved out of sync with each other, then back together again.
phase music
Select the answer that correctly orders dynamic markings from softest to loudest.
pianissimo, mezzo forte, fortissimo
The highness or lowness of a musical tone is defined by its _____, measured in frequency (Hz).
pitch
When two or more melodies play simultaneously, the resulting texture is ________.
polyphonic
Select the correct type of texture heard in this audio example:
polyphony
This type of texture occurs when there are two or more melodies occuring at the same time.
polyphony
The overall distance between the highest and lowest notes in a melody is known as ______.
range
____ is the distance between the highest and lowest pitches of a melody.
range
During the chorus of "Footloose" as heard below, the percussion plays a [1] (regular/syncopated) beat, while Mr. Loggins sings more [2] (regular/syncopated) rhythms.
regular, syncopated
Which is NOT an essential property of a musical tone?
resonance
The vocal tract serves as which part of the voice as an instrument?
resonator
What moves music forward in time is known as _____.
rhythm
Timbre refers to _____.
the tone color/quality of an instrument
The vocal folds themselves serve as which part of the instrument of the human voice?
the vibrator
The principle of musical organization around a central pitch/scale is known as ______.
tonality
Choose the correct defintion of timbre.
tone color or quality
This 19th-Century instrumental genre has only one movement and is programmatic in nature.
tone poem
The central pitch around which a musical scale and its associated harmonies are built is called what?
tonic
These chords are known as the "home key" chords.
tonic chords
Which are the two most commonly used musical clefs?
treble and bass clefs
This symbol is known as a ____________?
treble clef
What is the name of this symbol, which indicates a medium/high pitch range on a musical staff?
treble clef
Spanish for "triplet", this term applies to a basic rhythmic figure where three notes occur within the same time span occupied by two notes.
tresillo