music appreciation

This Classical instrumental work features a syntactic form and clearly tonal harmonies.

Eine kleine Nachtmusik by W.A. Mozart

This important work pointed the way towards new directions in American classical music.

Electric Counterpoint, third movement by Steve Reich

Which of the following is NOT considered a typical family of Western instruments.

Electrical

This style of Modern composition often features high rate of repetition and slow rate of change over time.

Minimalism

This composer broke new ground in classical music with the premiere of this shocking piece in 1912.

Mondestrunken by Arnold Schoenberg

The atonal melody of this piece caused much scandal during its premiere in 1912.

Mondestrunken from Pierrot lunaire by Arnold Schoenberg

This 20th-century style of composition sought to return to the practices of Mozart and his contemporaries.

Neo-Classicism

This style of post-World-War-I composition sought to return to the principles associated with the lush harmonic properties of late 19th-century classical music.

Neo-Romanticism

This version of the Catholic Mass is typically associated with funerals.

Requiem

Mixed meter makes this piece difficult to count.

Sacrifical Dance from The Rite of Spring by Igor Stravinsky

This American minimalistic composer's music often features techniques like phase music and polyrhythms.

Steve Reich

This piece was seen as a transitional work from the Classical to the Romantic style for this composer.

Symphony No. 5 in C minor, first movement by Ludwing van Beethoven

Which of the following is NOT an essential element for sound?

Vaccum

This operatic genre, popular in the late 19th century, often featured "everyday people in everday situations".

Verismo

Which sort of piece exclusively employs 3/4 (simple triple) time signatures?

Waltz

Hildegard von Bingen was _______.

a German Medieval composer

Meaning "in the style of the chapel", this type of singing only features human voices.

a capella

The high point in the melodic line, usually representing a peak in intensity as well as in range, is called _____.

a climax

When a succession of pitches are heard as a single unit, this is called ______.

a melody

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was ________.

an Austrian Classical composer

Giovanni Perluigi Palestrina was ______.

an Italian Renaissance composer

The vertical distance between any two pitches can be called ______.

an interval

The vertical distance between any two pitches of a melody is called ______.

an interval

The interval associated with a doubling (or halving) of a pitch's frequency is called ______.

an octave

How does sound travel through an elastic medium?

as a wave

These types of harmonies were created in the early 20th century, which can be chord-based, but have no regard for singular tonic-based scale or tonal center.

atonal harmonies

In this non-functional harmonic system, chords can be combined in any sequence.

atonality

The vertical lines that separate measures on a musical score are called _____.

bar lines

The vertical lines that separate measures on a musical score are known as _____.

bar lines

Often portrayed as priests or villains in operas, this type of male voice is considered to be the lowest.

bass

Which male voice has the lowest vocal range?

bass

This symbol is known as which clef?

bass clef

A basic unit of rhythm, a _____ is a regular pulse that divides musical time into equal segments.

beat

The regular pulse of a piece of music is otherwise known as the ______.

beat

To which orchestral family do the featured instruments, accompained by the snare drum, in this clip belong?

brass

This imitative composition features one melody that is played in multiple voices/instruments, but started at different times, made most famous by a German Baroque composer named Johann Pachelbel.

canon

This strictly imitative polyphonic work contains multiple voices that play the same (or a very similar) melody, but start it at different times.

canon

A string quartet, piano trio, or duo sonata are musical ensembles that play which kind of music?

chamber music

These types of harmonies are chord based, but with "lessening regard" for a tonic-based scale.

chromatic

The most exciting, high point in a musical line is called the _______.

climax

The conductor is usually responsible for all of the follwing except:

composing the music

Melodies that feature smaller, often step-wise intervals consisting of primarily consecutive pitches is said to be ______.

conjunct

The overall shape of a melody is known as its _____.

contour

This term refers to how independent melodic lines interact within a polyphonic texture.

counterpoint

This is the highest male voice type, sometimes referred to as falsettists.

countertenor

Match the symbol below with the correct musical term:

crescendo

This 19th-century Afro-Cuban dance rhythm is often a staple rhythmic feature of popular music.

habanera

With respect to texture, ______ considers only the vertical aspect of music, where pitches combine simultaneously, creating chords over the course of a musical work.

harmony

The instrument heard here is typically plucked.

harp

Select the correct type of texture heard in the audio clip below:

homophony

This type of texture occurs when there is one leading melody with subordinate accompaniment.

homophony

This type of texture results when there is one leading melody supported by subordinate musical accompaniment.

homophony

A special type of homophony, this type of texture features a melody harmonized in multiple voices with the same rhythms.

homorhythm

This is a special type of homophonic texture where a melody is harmonized with the same rhythms in different voices/instruments.

homorhythm

When one melody is harmonized in multiple voices with the same rhythms, this type of texture is ________.

homorhythmic

What does the top number of the time signature tell you?

how many beats are in each measure

When a melody is stated in one voice, then similarly in another, this is called ______.

imitation

When a melody is stated in one voice, then similarly so in another within a polyphonic texture, this compositional technique is called ____.

imitation

____________ means "the (vertical) distance between two pitches."

interval

Noise is made up of ________ sound waves.

irregular

Focus on the vocal melody in the following excerpt and select the option that best completes the sentence: "In the opening phrase, Ms. Garland sings a vocal melody that ___________."

is a mixture of conjunct and disjunct motion

Listen to the same clip and decide now which answer best finishes the statement below on texture: "The song opens with texture that _____________."

is primarily homophonic because Ms. Garland's vocal melody is supported by the orchestra.

Which of the following would be acceptable analogies describing the melodic contour of the opening phrase of Mozart's Eine kleine Nachtmusik as heard below:

jagged like the "random" setting on an elliptical machine very smooth and languid, like a still lake jumpy like an airplane going through turbulence

The organ, piano, and harpsichord belong to which instrumental family?

keyboards

Considering the human voice as an instrument, its actuator (power source) are the ______.

lungs

One iteration of a group of beats are contained within a ______.

measure

A line, or tune, in music is called a _____.

melody

With respect to texture, ______ only considers the horizontal aspect of music, namely in the combination of successive pitches heard as discrete units over the course of a musical work.

melody

Instrumental music overtakes vocal music in importance for the first time in which musical period?

romantic

"Row, row, row your boat" is _____, a smple type of canon that can be repeated indefinitely.

round

A vey simple type canon that can be repeated indefinitely is called a ______.

round

Marches are almost universally in which time signature?

simple duple (2/4)

Most pop music is written in this meter.

simple quadruple (4/4)

With its slow tempo, the meter in "Romance" is more easily identifiable as [1] quadruple meter because the beats played by the piano seem to be grouped in groups of two and [2].

simple, four

This is the most simple type of sound wave.

sine wave

In which musical family would you find the violin, viola, cello, and guitar?

strings

The violin, viola, cello, and double bass all belong to which orchestral section?

strings

The song "Hip Hop Hooray" by Naughty by Nature features ______, a deliberate upsetting of the normal pattern of accents.

syncopation

_____ is a deliberate upsetting of the normal pattern of accents.

syncopation

The number of melodies sounding at the same time, often referencing the instruments making them is called ______.

texture

_____ describes the number of pitches/melodies sounding at the same time, often referencing the things creating them.

texture

What is pitch?

the "highness" or "lowness" of a sound

Texture is defined as ____.

the interweaving of melodic lines with harmony

This is the largest, most common instrumental ensemble in Western music.

the orchestra

Which instrument does NOT belong in the woodwind section?

trumpet

Which instrument does the concertmaster play?

violin

What does the bottom number of a time signature tell you?

which note gets one beat

Bands are ensembles that typically rely on which two instrumental sections?

winds and percussion

The flute, oboe, and bassoon belong to this musical family.

woodwinds

Decide whether or not the following sentence accurately and completely begins an analytical paragraph on melody and texture: "I greatly enjoyed 'Somewhere Over the Rainbow' performed by Judy Garland due to its impressive melodic and subtle textural features."

yes

Does the following sentence make for an effective opening statement for a concert report? "Mozart's "Eine kleine Nachtmusik" is an aggressive, dynamic work that I enjoy because of its melody and texture."

yes

These types of chords typically need to resolve back to tonic chords.

dominant

Musical texture is concerned with all of the following dimensions EXCEPT which one?

dynamics

Symbols that indicate the volume at which music is to be played are called ______.

dynamics

This register of the human voice typically produces the highest sounds.

falsetto

The concert master usually plays which instrument?

first violin

An element of pitch, _______ concerns the number of vibrations per second a musical tone has.

frequency

The number of cycles of vibrations per second, measured in Hertz (Hz) is called ______.

frequency

Chordophones produce sound _____.

from a vibrating string stretched between two points

This is a specific type of contrapuntal composition where a melody is stated in one voice, then successively introduced and developed by interweaving subsequent parts.

fugue

This human vocal registration produces the lowest tones/frequencies, as sometimes heard in gospel bass singers.

glottal fry

This basic unit of rhythm occurs between beats in a measure.

offbeat

_______ produce sound from a vibrating string stretched between two points.

Chordophones

In this style of composition, one or more musical elements are left to chance, individually determined by the performer (or audience).

Aleatoric music

Which of the following is the best/most complete option for opening statements about the rhythm of "Footloose"?

"Footloose" by Kenny Loggins is a classic 80's song I enjoy chiefly because of its complex and engaging rhythms.

Which of the following is NOT an intial off-shoot of 19th-Century Romanticism.

(Russian) Socialism

Select the proper order for these sentences in a paragraph about rhythm.

1. "Footloose" by Kenny Loggins is a 2. Rhythm is what moves music 3. Overall the rhythms in "Footloose" 4. The song began with a regular 5. In each section, I was able to detect 6. Because of its engaging rhythmic

Please order the sentence types in their correct sequence for a paragraph analyzing the rhythms of "Romance" by Claude Debussy.

1. I really enjoyed listening to 2. Rhythm is what moves music 3. Overall the rhythms of the piano 4. At the beginning, the piano played simple 5. The meter seemed to be consistently simple 6. The refined interaction of the simple

How many pitches are used in a dodecaphonic melody?

12

A backbeat places accents on which two beats?

2 and 4

In simple meter, big beats can usually be divided into groups of ___ and ____.

2 and 4

Many "rock and roll" songs employ the use of backbeat, which places accents on beats:

2 and 4

Which of the following is an example of duple meter?

2/2

In compound meter, big beats are generally subdivded into groups of

3 smaller beats

Which one of the following time signatues indicates irregular meter?

5/4

How many beats are in a measure of "9/8" time?

9

Choose the correct defintion of sound.

A physical sensation produced in the organs of hearing when certain vibrations (sound waves) are caused in the surrounding air by a vibrating body

What is a melody?

A succession of pitches perceived by a listener as a single entity

Instruments in this category produce sound by using air.

Aerophone

Listen to this excerpt from "Footloose" by Kenny Loggins, and decide whether or not you agree that the percussion plays a regular backbeat.

Agree

This German Modern composer is known for creating serialism and dodecaphonia.

Arnold Schoenberg

This piece of instrumental music would be considered program music.

Blue Cathedral by Jennifer Higdon

This famous Baroque instrumental work uses a compositional device where similar melodies overlap.

Canon in D by Johann Pachelbel

Tonal harmonies first became the prevailing style during which musical era?

Common Practice Era

______ describes the relationship between independent melodic lines in polyphony.

Counterpoint

This song features a modal melody with mostly conjunct motion.

Dies irae by Thomas of Celano

Listen to the clip below and decide whether or not you agree with the following statement: The rhythms of the vocal line were predominantly syncopated, often clashing with the piano accompaniment.

Disagree

A contemporary of Mozart, ______ was another Austrian Classical composer.

Franz Joseph Haydn

This Austrian Romantic composer was known for dedicated his life to writing art songs.

Franz Schubert

This is the French equivalent of German Lieder.

French melodie

The ______ is a 19th-century rhythmic figure found in Cuban social dancing.

Habanera

This Russian Modern composer shocked Parisian audiences with his ballet The Rite of Spring.

Igor Stravinsky

Which of the following is NOT an essential property of a musical tone?

Interpretation

In this composition, homorhythmic texture makes the words very easy to understand.

Jesu meine Freude by J.S. Bach

Known for his famous "Canon in D", _______ was a German Baroque composer.

Johann Pachelbel

__________ was a German Baroque composer.

Johann Sebastian Bach

The genre from which this work comes contributed to the formation of jazz in America.

Maple Leaf Rag by Scott Joplin

The composition heard here is an excellent example of polyphonic texture.

Sicut cervus by Giovanni Perluigi Palestrina

Choose the sentence that best exemplifies an appropriate summary statement for a paragraph on the rhythms in "Romance" by Claude Debussy.

The refined interaction of the simple, slow rhythms of the piano and voice combined to make "Romance" by Claude Debussy a very enjoyable song.

Which sentence best describes the nature of the piano playing for this excerpt of "Romance" by Claude Debussy.

The rhythms of the piano sounded simple, regular, and slow.

The composition heard here takes a familiar tune and introduces changes in order to show off compositional and performance prowess.

Twelve variations on "Ah dirais-vous je maman" by W.A. Mozart

Fill in the correct term for each definition in this sentence: [1] can be described as when several pitches in succession are perceived as a single unit, whereas [2] is described as the number of pitches and melodies sounding together, usually referencing instrumentation.

melody., texture

How beats are grouped together is called ______.

meter

This term refers to how beats are organized.

meter

The [1], or how the beats are grouped, of "Footloose" remains consistent throughout. I noticed it was [2] meter, or "4/4 time", because I could regularly count [3] beats in each measure.

meter, simple quadruple, four

This is the medium female voice type.

mezzo soprano

These types of harmonies are typically associated with music from the Early Era and the Roman Catholic church.

modal harmonies

This human vocal registration is typcially associated with singing and speaking.

modal voice

When Whitney Houston belts her face off in "I Will Always Love You", which vocal register is she using?

modal voice

This type of texture occurs when there is only a single melody with no accompaniment.

monophony

What is the correct type of texture displayed in the clip below?

monophony

Decide whether or not you agree with the following general statement about melodic attributes in your concert report: "When discussing melodic attributes, you should address all attributes (range, motion, contour, phrasing, and climax) instead of just a couple that stick out to you."

no

____ is perceived as an irregular succession of soundwaves.

noise

Music that moves without any strong sense of beat or meter is said to be ______.

nonmetric

____ are a system of symbols that represent pitch, usually refered to in Western music by the first seven letters of the alphabet.

notes

Which important interval represents a frequency doubling?

octave

This rhythmic figure occurs between the major beats in a measure.

off beat

The smaller unit of measurement within the context of an entire melody is called a ______.

phase

With this minimalistic compositional technique, simple musical ideas are begun simultaneously, then slowly moved out of sync with each other, then back together again.

phase music

Select the answer that correctly orders dynamic markings from softest to loudest.

pianissimo, mezzo forte, fortissimo

The highness or lowness of a musical tone is defined by its _____, measured in frequency (Hz).

pitch

When two or more melodies play simultaneously, the resulting texture is ________.

polyphonic

Select the correct type of texture heard in this audio example:

polyphony

This type of texture occurs when there are two or more melodies occuring at the same time.

polyphony

The overall distance between the highest and lowest notes in a melody is known as ______.

range

____ is the distance between the highest and lowest pitches of a melody.

range

During the chorus of "Footloose" as heard below, the percussion plays a [1] (regular/syncopated) beat, while Mr. Loggins sings more [2] (regular/syncopated) rhythms.

regular, syncopated

Which is NOT an essential property of a musical tone?

resonance

The vocal tract serves as which part of the voice as an instrument?

resonator

What moves music forward in time is known as _____.

rhythm

Timbre refers to _____.

the tone color/quality of an instrument

The vocal folds themselves serve as which part of the instrument of the human voice?

the vibrator

The principle of musical organization around a central pitch/scale is known as ______.

tonality

Choose the correct defintion of timbre.

tone color or quality

This 19th-Century instrumental genre has only one movement and is programmatic in nature.

tone poem

The central pitch around which a musical scale and its associated harmonies are built is called what?

tonic

These chords are known as the "home key" chords.

tonic chords

Which are the two most commonly used musical clefs?

treble and bass clefs

This symbol is known as a ____________?

treble clef

What is the name of this symbol, which indicates a medium/high pitch range on a musical staff?

treble clef

Spanish for "triplet", this term applies to a basic rhythmic figure where three notes occur within the same time span occupied by two notes.

tresillo