Music Appreciation Unit One Quizzes

In what century did the Renaissance begin?

15th century

Ensembles grew during the _____ century.

19th

Which is a true statement?

A chord may be built on any note of the scale.

The stressing of a note so that it is louder. "The first beat is accented and sounds louder than the second beat."

Accent

The basic unit for measuring time. The term is also used to refer to the pulse of music. "This piece has a great beat." "How many beats are in the fourth measure?"

Beat

The basic unit of rhythm is the.....

Beat

Two parts A-B, statement-departure

Binary

trumpet (also coronet), French horn, trombone (also bass trombone), euphonium/baritone, tuba

Brass

The end of a phrase. Can be conclusive or inconclusive, just as in sentence structure.

Cadence

Chorus, choir. SATB vocal designations (soprano, alto, tenor, bass/baritone).

Choral ensembles

Three or more simultaneously sounding notes

Chord

Music that uses many, or all, of the 12 semitones of an octave. Or, any note in a piece of music that is not found in the employed scale. "This piece of music is in C Major, but there is an E-flat in the third measure. Since C Major doesn't contain an E-flat, that note is considered to be a chromatic note."

Chromatic

Noting style traits helps define.

Composer, era and type of work.

Which of the following is NOT a simple meter?

Compound

First violin player, historically head musician of orchestra.

Concert master

The __________ is an online resource to consult before attending a live performance.

Concertgoer's Guide

Person who leads rehearsals and performances of musical ensembles.

Conductor

_______ refers to an agreeable-sounding combination of notes that provides a sense of relaxation and fulfillment.

Consonance

Which of the following is an important skill?

Developing musical memory.

Music that uses only the seven tones of a major or minor scale. "This piece is diatonic because it starts in F Major and doesn't contain any notes outside of F Major."

Diatonic

A combination of tones that sounds unstable and needs resolution.

Dissonance

The first accented beat of each metric pattern is known as the

Downbeat

2/4, 4/4 (quadruple meter) - one accented beat alternates with one unaccented beat.

Duple meter

Crescendo is to get louder. Decrescendo (diminuendo) is to get softer.

Dynamic Relationship

The degree of loudness of softness of a note. Often used Italian terms: pianissimo (really soft), piano (soft), mezzo-piano (somewhat soft), mezzo-forte (medium loud), forte (loud), fortissimo (really loud). "The clarinet can play much more piano than the tuba." Just like tempo, dynamics can change abruptly or gradually, depending on the desired effect or meaning.

Dynamics

A generic term used to refer to any performance group.

Ensemble

A melodic line that moves by small intervals is called consonant.

False

All music has a strong, discernable beat.

False

Composers have indicated specific instruments since early times.

False

Composers indicate tempo and mood to the performers so that there is no leeway for interpretation.

False

Listening to music while exercising is an example of active listening.

False

Polyphony occurs when several meters are played simultaneously.

False

Simple meters are meters in which the beats are divided into three.

False

Taking notes while listening to music is a bad idea.

False

The downbeat coincides with the upward stroke of a conductor's hand.

False

In duple meter, the accent is typically on which beat?

First

In triple meter, the strongest accent is typically on which beat?

First

Structure and design in music, based on repetition, contrast and variation.

Form

the rate of vibration (usually measured per second) The primary determinant of the listener's perception of pitch

Frequency

A composition in the key of G major uses harmonies formed from which scale?

G Major

The simultaneous combination of notes and the ensuing relationships of intervals and chords. Refers to the vertical aspect of music. Gives depth to the melody. Major harmonies sound happy, minor harmonies sound sad.

Harmony

Principal melodic material with subordinate harmonic accompaniment. For example, a singer with guitar accompaniment.

Homophonic

Melodic idea presented in one voice and then restated in another, each part continuing as others enter. Polyphonic.

Imitation

Which of the following is a true statement?

In diatonic music, both the melody and the harmony are firmly rooted in the key.

Refers to a mechanism that produces musical vibrations and propels them into the air. Instruments divided into families: strings, winds (woodwinds), brass, percussion, keyboard by how the sound is created, not by the material of the instrument. For example, the sax is typically made of brass but is a wind instrument because the sound is created by a vibrating air column

Instrument

Chamber ensembles (smaller groups performing in smaller spaces, such as string quartet), Orchestras (large group performing in large space, such as symphony orchestra), Bands (such as marching band). Know various examples of each.

Instrumental ensembles

: In harmonic terms, the distance between two simultaneously sounding notes.

Interval

The distance between any two notes (in melodic terms refers to two sequential notes, usually adjacent). "The interval of the first and second note is a fifth."

Interval

Tempo and dynamic markings are usually given in

Italian

Piano (percussive action), Organ (for pipe organ, air passes through pipes), Harpsichord (plucking action)

Keyboard

_________ was the language of learning at medieval and Renaissance universities.

Latin

Active listening does NOT mean.

Letting the music be teh background activity.

A unit of musical time consisting of a fixed number of note-values of a given type, as determined by the meter, and is visually defined by the vertical lines along the staff. "Let's start in the tenth measure." Also referred to as the 'bar.' "This melody has eight bars."

Measure

An organized (and usually coherent) succession of pitches. The linear (or horizontal) aspect of music. "That melody is very catchy." This is the element that most engages your musical memory.

Melody

Which is NOT a true statement?

Melody and harmony are not related.

The number of beats in a measure determines the....

Meter

The pattern into which beats are organized, created by a recurring pattern of strong and weak beats. "4/4 meter has four beats per measure, and the quarter note gets the beat." "2/4 meter has two beats per measure and the quarter note gets the beat." "3/8 meter has three beats per measure and the eighth note gets the beat."

Meter

Single-line texture. Melody without accompaniment. One musical voice, no matter how many performers (if they are singing the same thing at the same time).

Monophonic

The basic building blocks, or cells, of a melody. A short melodic or rhythmic idea.

Motive

Music that moves without a strong sense of beat is....

Nonmetric

The climax of The Star-Spangled Banner falls on what text?

O'er the land of the free...

Listening to music as a background to another activity is.

Passive listening

Pitched (timpani, xylophone, marimba, vibraphone, chimes) and unpitched (cymbals, bass drum, snare drum). Know two pitched and two unpitched.

Percussion

A musical unit of a melody. "The first phrase leads to the second."

Phrase

Two or more melodic lines of equal importance combined into a multi-voiced texture.

Polyphonic

First chair player of each section, head of the section

Principal

Tunes the orchestra to an A=440 (or 441, or 442)

Principal Oboe

Benjamin Britten's The Young Person's Guide to the Orchestra is a work based on a dance tune by which composer?

Purcell

In melodic terms, the distance between the lowest and highest notes of a melody. "This piece has a wide range and is hard to sing." The term is also used to refer to a particular instrument's pitch capability (it's lowest and highest possible notes).

Range

Specific area in the range of an instrument or voice. "The flute sounds so beautiful in it's lowest register."

Register

The controlled movement of music in time. Arrangement of durations in music. "The rhythm of this measure is quite complex." "The rhythm of this phrase is a half note followed by two quarter notes." The beat. With harmony, gives movement to music.

Rhythm

The element that propels music forward in time is.....

Rhythm

A collection of pitches arranged in order that follows a standardized pattern and centers around a central tone called the 'tonic.' Two common types of scales are major and minor which are used to create harmony.

Scale

Repetition at a higher or lower pitch level

Sequence

Through repeated listening we gain...

Skills to transfer to new repertories, musical memory, familiarity and understanding.

Which of the following is NOT a true statement?

Songs in English translation fit the musical line as well as the original words.

Vibration perceived by the human ear

Sound

Bowed - Violin, viola, cello, bass (though, you can also pluck the strings) Strings: Plucked - Harp, guitar

Strings

_________ is created when the regualr accent is shifted to a weak beat or an offbeat.

Syncopation

The rate of speed or pace of music. The speed in which beats follow one another. Examples include: largo (quite slow), adagio (slow), andante (moderately slow), moderato (moderate), allegretto (slightly less fast than allegro), allegro (fast), presto (very fast), prestissimo (as fast as possible). "The tempo of this piece is allegro." Italian words are often used. Tempos can change abruptly or gradually.

Tempo

Accelerando is to get faster. Ritardando is to get slower. Rubato is to temporarily change the tempo and return back to the predominant tempo.

Tempo Relationship

Music is a _______ art.

Temporal

Three parts A-B-A, statement-departure and then return of previous material

Ternary

The interweaving of melodic and harmonic elements in the musical fabric.

Texture

Which is true of strophic form?

The same melody is repeated with each stanza of text.

Which of the following defines the characteristics of style?

The total language of artists from a style period. The creator's personal manner of expression. The individualized treatment of the elements of music.

Musical expansion of a theme by varying its melodic outline, harmony, or rhythm.

Thematic Development

Melodic idea used as a basic building block in the construction of a composition.

Theme

In quadruple mater, the second-strongest accent is typically on which beat?

Third

In a compound meter, the beat divides into groups of...

Three

This is very important. The quality of sound that distinguishes one instrument or voice from another. Your voice has a distinct timbre that makes it distinct from any other voice. The timbre of the violin is quite different from that of the cello, and this helps us to aurally recognize the difference between the two instruments. Likewise, two voices or instruments that are similar (for example, two flutes) have different timbres, but these differences are far less obvious to the untrained listener. You will of course only be responsible for recognizing timbral differences between different instruments and/or voices (for example, flute and clarinet). Timbre figures prominently in most compositional practices.

Timbre

_______ is the principle of organization around a central tone.

Tonality

A musical sound, notated by a symbol called a "note" on the musical staff

Tone

An accented beat followed by two weak beats would indicate a ____________ meter.

Triple

3/4, one accented beat alternates with two unaccented beats.

Triple meter

A second melody played against the first is called a countermelody.

True

A symphony can last more than an hour.

True

Accents between the beats are called offbeats.

True

Becoming an informed listener takes practice.

True

Criteria that shape a performer's interpretation include variation in tempo and dynamics.

True

In Western music, two scales have been predominant: major and minor.

True

In notation, regular grouping of beats are marked off in measures.

True

Interpretation is at the root of musical expressiveness.

True

Music can hold our attention over long spans of time.

True

Musical sound is characterized by perceivable and measureable pitch.

True

Musical works studied in the textbooks are accompanied by Listening Guides that Outline "What to Listen For" at the top.

True

Playing music in two simultaneous rhythms is known as polyrhythm.

True

The development of harmony is central to Western music.

True

Triads in Western music are made up of a combination of alternating notes from a scale.

True

When a melody begins before a downbeat, it is said to begin on a(n)...

Upbeat

The most beautiful and delicate instruments of all. High to low are soprano, mezzo soprano (alto), tenor, baritone, bass.

Voices

Flute (also piccolo), oboe (also English horn), clarinet (also Eb, bass), bassoon (also contra bassoon), saxophone (soprano, alto, tenor, baritone). Know which has no reed, which have a single reed, which have double reeds.

Woodwinds

Melody

a musical line, or the tune

Jazz bands usually include

a reed section, a brass section, and a rhythm section.

Row, Row, Row Your Boat is an example of

a round

When a melodic idea is immediately restated at a lower or higher pitch level, this is known as

a sequence

Homophony is best described as

a single melody accompaniment

Regarding a symphony, which is NOT a true statement?

a symphony is a song written for an orchestra

Returning to the original tempo after a change in the music is indicated by the marking _________ in the score.

a tempo

If the music is gradually speeding up, the term used to describe this is

accelerando

In Western music, the dominant and subdominant are called _______ chords.

active

Flutes, whistles, and bagpipes fall into what instrument classification?

aerophones

Benjamin Britten's The Young Person's Guide to the Orchestra was written specifically to demonstrate

all timbres in the orchestra

The distance between two pitches is called

an interval

Returning patterns or memorable moments in music is...

at the root of Western musical practice.

Which of the following ensembles relies mainly on winds and percussion?

band

J. S. Bach's Minuet in D Minor is from what historical period? Correct!

baroque

If a composer wants to indicate tempo precisely, a ________ indication is given in the score.

beats per minute (bpm)

The conductor

beats time in metrical patterns. rehearses the ensemble. interprets the music.

In an orchestra, brass instruments are placed near the back of the group

because they are loud

How many instrumentalists would you expect to find in a chamber group?

between 2 and 12

Which form features a statement followed by a departure that ends the piece?

binary

The string family includes which types of instruments?

bowed and plucked

The key of a piece is determined

by the composer

How do specialists classify instruments?

by the way they generate their sound

A place in a melody where a musician will most likely pause for a breath is at the

cadence

A performance practice based on the concept of a singing leader imitated by a chorus of followers is called

call and response

A work that is comprised of a strictly imitative musical texture is called a

canon

All of the following are indefinite pitch percussion instruments EXCEPT the

chimes

A small vocal ensemble is known as a(n)

choir

Which is NOT a true statement?

choral groups are heterogenuous

Three or more tones sounded together produce a(n)

chord

An instrument that produces sound from a vibrating string is called a(n)

chordophone

The Indian sitar is considered a(n)

chordophone

What is another word for "refrain"?

chorus

A scale comprised entirely of half steps is called a _________ scale.

chromatic

We often label art music as

classical

The high point of a melodic line is considered its

climax

A melodic line that moves by small intervals is called

conjunct

Dissonance resolves in

consonance

A chord that sounds stable or restful is called

consonant

The term referring to the overall shape of a melody is

contour

Wavelike describes melodic

contour

Which of the following terms is used to describe melody?

contour

In musical forms ________ stimulates our interest and feeds our desire for change.

contrast

Which dynamic marking indicates to the performer to play gradually louder?

crescendo

Which of the following does not indicate a change of tempo?

crescendo

The contour of the opening phrase of Joy to the World is

descending

Music of the Baroque and Classical eras is mostly

diatonic

Gradually getting softer in music is indicated by which term in the score?

dimuendo

The type of melodic movement in The Star-Spangled Banner is

disjunct

A combination of tones that sounds discordant or in need of resolution is called

dissonant

The fifth scale step (sol) forms the chief active chord (V), which is called the

dominant

Simple harmony can be created when a melody is accompanied by a long, sustained tone called a

drone

The length of vibration. The amount of time a sound is heard. Deals with rhythm (a quarter note lasts one beat, a half note lasts two beats, and eighth note lasts for one-half beat, etc.) but is also essential when discussing melody.

duration

Musical sound is performed at varying volumes, also known as the music's

dynamics

How many notes are in an octave?

eight

Listening to recorded music...

facilitates repeated listening.

A composition must use one texture throughout.

false

A symphony orchestra is an example of a chamber ensemble.

false

Composers of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries used even fewer expression marks than their predecessors.

false

Genre describes a musical form.

false

If a major or minor scale is transposed to a different starting pitch, the pattern of half steps and whole steps changes.

false

In through-composed songs, music from previous stanzas is repeated.

false

Most musical cultures in the world use written notation to preserve and transmit their music.

false

The category "chordophones" applies only to Western instruments.

false

The lines that distinguish art music from other kinds are clearly delineated

false

The octave is divided the same way in the musical systems of all cultures.

false

The word "song" refers to any piece of music.

false

Vocal music with instrumental accompaniment is called a cappella.

false

The tonic is a three-note chord, or triad, built on the ________ scale step.

first

The concertmaster is the

first-chair violinist

Which instruments are members of the woodwind family?

flute, oboe, bassoon, English horn, saxophone

Which term indicates that a work should be performed very loudly?

fortissmo

Which brass instrument descended from the ancient hunting horn?

french horn

Scientifically, pitch is determined by its

frequency

Which term refers to a category of music?

genre

Which is NOT a true statement?

genres are the same in every culture

On bowed string instruments, sliding the hand along the string while bowing it produces a ________ effect.

glissando

If a composer wants to indicate despair or sadness in a piece of music, which of the following tempos would be appropriate?

grave

Which of the following does NOT indicate a fast tempo?

grave

In Western music, the octave is divided into twelve equal

half steps

The progression of ________ creates a feeling of order and unity in music.

harmony

The term arpeggio, meaning "broken chord," is derived from the name of what instrument?

harp

Which of the following is an example of a chordophone?

harp

Which keyboard instrument produces sound with quills that pluck metal strings?

harpsichord

When several musicians sing or play the same musical line, each varying some element (like pitch or rhythm), they are creating a ______ texture.

heterophonic

A knowledge of _______ styles helps put a musical work in the context of its creation.

historical

A pianist playing a melody in the right hand while the left sounds chords produces a _____ texture.

homophonic

One person singing "Happy Birthday" with simple chords accompanying the melody produces a(n) _________ texture.

homophonic

A type of homophony in which all voices move together in the same rhythm is called

homorhythm

A round is based on the principle of _______ where each voice enters in succession with the same melody.

imitation

The best description of a melodic idea that is presented in one voice and then restated in another is

imitation

A woodwind quintet is unusual in that

it includes a brass instrument

Scat-singing is usually found in what style of music?

jazz

Playing a series of notes smoothly and with connection is called

legato

Sometimes a composer will collaborate with a ________ who writes the words of the song.

lyricist

Which of the following describes the setting of many notes to a syllable?

melismatic

Which of the following terms describes instruments made with stretched skins?

membranoophone

Which of the following abbreviations indicates a moderate dynamic level?

mf

Intervals even smaller than half steps, commonly used in some non-Western music are called

microtones

Moving from one key center to another within a composition is called

modulation

If you are singing alone in the shower, you are creating a ______ texture.

monophonic

A single-line texture is known as

monophony

_________ describes a melody without any harmonic accompaniment or other melodic lines.

monophony

A fragment of a theme that forms a melodic-rhythmic unit is called a

motive

Independent parts of a large-scale work (a symphony, for example) are called

movements

Most children's songs have a _________ range.

narrow

_______ means a few notes set to each syllable of text.

neumatic

Western art music refers to

notated and cultivated music of European and Euro-American society

Which of the following is a double-reed instrument?

oboe

Musical compositions are often identified through a cataloguing system described by

opus numbers

Which keyboard instrument is also a wind instrument?

orphan

A short, repeated musical pattern used as a structural device is known as a(n)

ostinato

Common scales used in African, Far Eastern, and Native American music are the _____ scales.

pentatonic and tritonic

Which instrument derives its name from the Italian word meaning "loud-soft"?

piano

The quality of highness or lowness of sound. Generally, the greater the frequency (that is, the more vibrations per second) the higher the pitch. The terms 'pitch,' 'tone' and 'note' are often interchanged in language as they have the same fundamental meaning, as in the following sentence: "What pitch do you have on the first beat of the second measure?"

pitch

Which of the following is NOT a musical modifier?

poco

A texture in which two or more different melodic lines are combined is called

polyphonic

The texture of a round is

polyphonic

Imitation is a type of

polyphony

Which of the following textures is based on counterpoint?

polyphony

Pianissimo is indicated by the abbreviation _____.

pp

The distance between the highest and lowest pitches in a melodic line is its

range

Which of the following describes words and music that recur after every stanza?

refrain

Which of the following does NOT describe words without specific meanings in songs?

refrain

The word _________ describes a specific area in the range of an instrument or voice, such as low, middle, or high.

register

In musical forms ________ fixes the material in the listener's mind and satisfies the need for the familiar.

repetition

The basic elements of form are

repition, contrast, and variation

The _______ chord is counterposed against active chords.

rest

Which of the following terms means "getting slower"?

ritardando

Which historical style period lasted less than 100 years?

romatic

Music composed for religious purposes is called

sacred

Which of the following terms describes religious or spiritual music?

sacred

A collection of pitches arranged sequentially in ascending and descending order constitutes a

scale

The tonality of a piece is determined by the ________ chosen by the composer.

scale

Much of Western sacred music is in Latin, while ________ music is often in the vernacular.

secular

What is another name for a half step?

semitone

A phrase and cadence in music can be likened to a

sentence and period

Which of the following shows the correct order of vocal ranges from highest to lowest?

soprano, alto, tenor, bass

Which of the following shows the correct order of vocal ranges from highest to lowest for female voices?

soprano, mezzo-soprano, alto

Which describes instruments classified as idiophones?

sound produced by the substance itself

Which describes instruments classified as aerophones?

sound produced by using air

The opposite of legato is

staccato

The "heart" of the orchestra is the _____ section.

string

The largest section of the Western orchestra is the _______ section.

string

The instruments of the Western orchestra are categorized into which groups?

strings, woodwinds, brass, and percussion

What is another word for "stanza"?

strophe

Which of the following terms does NOT describe the number of notes given to each syllable of text?

strophic

"Happy Birthday" is an example of a _______ text setting.

syllabic

A song in which each syllable receives one note is called

syllabic

In the West, an ensemble of strings coupled with an assortment of woodwinds, brass, and percussion instruments is known as a

symphony orchestra

The disruption of a steady pattern of accentuation. The accenting of certain beats in a meter not normally accented.

syncopation

Which of the following shows the correct order of vocal ranges from highest to lowest for male voices?

tenor, baritone, bass

Which form features a statement of an idea, a contrasting idea, then a repetition of the first idea?

ternary

The interweaving of melody and harmony produces ________ in music.

texture

Who is responsible for systematizing bowing strokes for the string section in an orchestra?

the concertmaster

0 / 1 pts In Benjamin Britten's The Young Person's Guide to the Orchestra, the theme is first stated by

the entire orchestra

Considering The Young Person's Guide to the Orchestra, which statement is NOT true?

the entire orchestra never plays together

The Young Person's Guide to the Orchestra closes with a(n) _______, a polyphonic form popular in the Baroque era (1600-1750).

the fugue

Pitch is determined by

the length or size of a vibrating object

Which of the following factors influence timbre?

the material from which the instrument is made instrument shape instrumental size

Tempo refers to

the rate of speed

A pizzicato effect is created on a string instrument when

the strings are plucked

Considering the title of Symphony No. 94 in G Major by Joseph Haydn, which is a TRUE statement?

the title indicates the genre and key

Varying the pitches, harmony, or rhythm of a theme is known as

thematic development

A _____ can be a building block in the construction of a musical work.

theme

The property of sound that gives instruments and voices their unique tone color is

timbre

Harmonies built on the dominant (fifth scale degree) gravitate toward the

tonic

The _____ serves as home base in most Western music.

tonic

The first and last note in a major or minor scale is called the

tonic

Which of the following is NOT an active chord?

tonic

Shifting an entire work so that it begins on a different pitch but retains the same pattern of intervals is called

transposition

The most common type of chord in Western music is the

triad

Black keys on the piano can be either "flats" or "sharps" depending on the context of the music.

true

Composers use tempo and dynamic markings to communicate to the performer the music's intended expressive quality.

true

Even when a performer improvises, the basic elements of repetition, contrast, and variation can be heard.

true

Heterophony is common in non-Western music.

true

In earlier eras, young boys and occasionally men with voices in the soprano or alto range sang female parts in church music and on the stage.

true

Instrument builders have often sought to emulate the human voice.

true

Most cultures employ sacred music for religious functions.

true

Movements in a large-scale musical work can be compared to chapters in a novel.

true

Music that is made up spontaneously in performance is called improvised.

true

Oral transmission is the process of preserving music without written notation.

true

Ostinato is particularly prevalent in blues, rock, and rap.

true

Percussion instruments are divided into two categories: definite or indefinite pitch.

true

Themes are comprised of smaller units known as motives

true

Which brass instrument dates back to ancient times and was used for religious ceremonies and military signals?

trumpet

The sousaphone is the marching-band adaptation of which instrument?

tuba

The makeup of a string quartet is

two violins, viola, and cello

A principle of form that is based on repeated alterations of a given melody (which is still recognizable) is called

variation

The word ________ means the language of the people.

vernacular

Harmony describes the _____ aspect of music.

vertical

Instrument builders have sought to replicate the sound of the voice, including its characteristic throbbing called

vibrato

The bowed string instrument with the highest range is the

violin

Which of the following indicates a fast tempo?

vivace

A wordless melody on the vowel "ah" is an example of a technique called

vocalise

An individual part or line, even in instrumental music, is often referred to as a(n)

voice

Dynamics determine the ________ at which music is played.

volume

The contour of Beethoven's Ode to Joy is

wavelike

Listening Guides in this textbook focus primarily on

western art music

In the sixteenth century, which musicians became more prominent performers of secular music?

women singers

Setting the word "falling" to a descending scale is an example of

word painting

When a melody pictorializes a word it is called

word painting

Opus is Latin for

work

Which instrument is NOT an example of a chordophone?

xylophone

Which is an example of pitched percussion?

xylophone