Music of Multicultural America midterm

Howlin Wolf

Chicago "Electric" Blues; Muddy Water's biggest opponent

Willie Dixon

Chicago blues composer and session bass player

Muddy Waters

Chicago blues who used electric guitar, discovered by Lomaxs, more refined pioneer of rock

Blind Lemon Jefferson

"Matchbox Blues", 3 verses don't line up between the different versions, different guitar used as well

ballad

A poem or song narrating a story in short stanzas

Mamie Smith

A vaudeville singer, was the first African-American woman to sing the blues

downhome blues

Early blues, chiefly sung by a-a men accompanying themselves on acoustic guitar; smaller ensembles, just verse

Mike Seeger

American folk musician

Tommy Jarrell

An influential old-time fiddler and banjo player from the mountains of North Carolina; "Drunken Hiccups"

Bessie Smith

Empress of the Blues; vaudeville

Dennis McGee

Famous fiddler in the 30's. Music parter of Amede. Put Cajun music on the map. Responsible for the type of music still being played in Louisiana

Jimmie Rodgers

Father of Country Music; combined country, blues and yodeling

Amede Ardoin

First great Creole accordion player from Louisiana in the early 20th century. Created Cajun accordion style. Played w/ Dennis McGee.

The Weavers

Folk revival group

Cecil Sharp

Founding father of folklore revival in England, and many of England's traditional dances and music owe their continuing existence to his work in recording and publishing them; collected only white music

Johann Gottfried Herder

German scholar who studied the origins of folk music, rural, enlightenment counter

Francis James Child

Harvard professor & folklorist who collected text only and published variations of 305 Scottish and English folk ballads

Ralph Peer

Missouri-born talent scout who worked as an assistant on Mamie Smith's first recording sessions and was the first to use the catchphrase "race music." Discovered the Carter Family and Jimmie Rodgers "hillbilly music"

Fiddlin' John Carson

Musician from Georgia who made the first commercially successful hillbilly record

Leonard Chess

Owner of Chess Records, specialized in blues, signed Chuck Berry

John Lomax

Recorded and preserved folk and cowboy music with his 1910 anthology, "Cowboy Songs and Other Frontier Ballads; mentored by Child proteges, sought out living practitioners; took LB's $, treated him as an indentured servant

blue note

a minor interval where a major would be expected, used especially in jazz.

Alphonse "Bois Sec" Ardoin & Canray Fontenot

accordion & fiddle for Cajun music

agency

an individual's active role in shaping their situation (Lead Belly)

Paul Butterfield Blues Band

appeared at the Newport Folk Festival with Dylan in 1965, 1st Chicago blues band, walking bass line

Olive Dame Campbell

collected songs in Southern App; first to do fieldwork, recording device; more ethnographic; racialist agenda

Hillybilly music

commercialized, early country

Alan Lomax

ethnomusicologist; recorded LB while in prison and put together a large collection of old spirituals and folk songs; used recording technology in fieldwork, focused on musical style; more dynamic, ethnomusicological

Clifton Chenier

first "King of Zydeco". Won title by winning an accordion contest.

The Carter Family

first family of country music

Pete Seeger

folk singer who was largely responsible for the interest in folk music in the 1960s; wants to get audience involved, no star allure, communal

affinity

fondness; liking; similarity

Robert Johnson

icon of downhome blues, more professional, related to work songs, "Crossroad Blues"

mediation

intermediate stage between artistic production & the audience

Danny Poullard

internal creole revival, liked the white style of accordion (cajun); SF Bay

Bob Dylan

introduced electric guitar to the Newport Folk Festival; part of counter culture

Leo Soileau

introduced the fiddle to Cajun swing; movement of Cajun to professional music; urban, whiteness

cajun swing

like country music, peddle steal guitar, more commercialized

urban blues

lyrics are more focused on urban, electric guitar, refrain, possible horns

roots

music springing from a particular culture

Dewey Balfa/Balfa Brothers

non-professional Cajun musicians, preserve French creole tradition; also educated schools

New Lost City Ramblers

old-time revival

Lester Melrose

one of the first producers of blues records at Chess Records

folk song

participatory, guitar, banjo, nasally

multimusicality

people who play many types of music (LB)

commodification

process of turning something into a commodity for sale

folk

rural/peasant, not urban, reaction to the Enlightenment

old time string band music

social dance music, fiddle, guitar

British ballads of S. Appalachian

solo, female voice, unadorned, dramatic text

traditional

songs about tradition, rural, field music

ethnomusiciology

study of music of different cultures

vernacular

the language of everyday speech in a particular region

zydeco

the music of French speaking African Americans of South Louisiana; the song is sung in French and musical accompaniment includes an accordion and the rub board

fieldwork

the study of geographic phenomena by visiting places and observing how people interact with and thereby change those places; seen with British ballads & hillybilly music

songster

wandering musician; LB

Lead Belly

wanted a professional career & had a broad spectrum of music, wrote his own music, exploited by the Lomaxes, "In the Pines", "Mr. Tom Hughes Town"

cajun-creole

white, accordion, nasally, fiddle