NB Adaptive Quizzing
if foramen ovale fails to close
atrial septal defect
A nurse is assessing the head of a healthy newborn after a cesarean birth. What does the nurse expect to identify?
Open anterior and posterior fontanels
what indicates cardiac pathology in a newborn
circumoral pallor
what is the expected weight loss in first few days of life
10% from extra fluids
tonic neck
fencing position
A newborn is admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit with a myelomeningocele. What is the priority nursing intervention during the first 24 hours?
A prone or side-lying position will prevent pressure on the sac; if the sac ruptures, infection may occur
developmental dysplasia of the hip
Assessment: often found in children when the head of the femur is disloacted from the acetabulum, uneven gluteal folds and thigh creases, limited abduction of hip, Ortolani's sign, shortened limb on affected side.
A client at 43 weeks' gestation has just given birth to an infant with typical postmaturity characteristics. Which signs of postmaturity does the nurse identify?
Dry, peeling skin is related to decreased vernix and prolonged immersion in amniotic fluid. Abundant scalp hair and long fingernails are characteristics of postmaturity. These findings are typically noted in a term newborn who is 2 to 3 weeks old. Creases on the entire soles and palms are typical of full-term maturity; preterm newborns have few sole and palm creases
what is given to prevent eye infections
Erythromycin ophthalmic ointment is used to treat gonorrhea and Chlamydia infections, which may be transmitted during birth. It is administered prophylactically.
What is an appropriate nursing intervention for a neonate with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)?
Positioning the infant with the head slightly hyperextended and changing the position every 1 to 2 hours helps respiratory secretions drain; this will increase oxygenation by enhancing respiratory efforts
When a preterm newborn requires oxygen, the nurse in the neonatal intensive care unit monitors and adjusts the oxygen concentration. Which complication do these adjustments attempt to prevent?
Retinopathy of prematurity is caused by the high concentration of oxygen that may have to be used to support some preterm neonates; oxygen must be administered cautiously and, depending on the neonate's blood oxygen level, adjusted accordingly.
A client has delivered her infant by cesarean birth. The nurse monitors the newborn's respiration closely, because infants born via the cesarean method are prone to atelectasis. Why does this occur?
The release following compression of the chest during a vaginal birth is the mechanism for expansion of the newborn's lungs; because this does not occur during a cesarean birth, lung expansion may be incomplete, and atelectasis may result.
A newborn with a myelomeningocele is being transferred immediately from the birthing room to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). What is the initial nursing intervention?
apply sterile saline dressing to prevent infection
Cephalohematoma
collection of blood between the skull bone and its periosteum that results from trauma during birth. Does not cross suture line. It resolves spontaneously in 3 to 6 weeks.
caput succedaneum
welling of a caput succedaneum crosses the suture line because it is outside the periosteum
cause of benign jaundice
immature liver function
NEC
marked by prolonged gastric emptying; an increase in abdominal girth of more than 1 cm in 4 hours is significant and requires immediate intervention. formula is stopped and TPN begins
fontanel
opening between the skull bones that permits growth of the brain and skull; it is common to all healthy newborns and is expected to bulge when the infant cries
establishing an airway
position the newborn with the head slightly lower than the chest to allow mucus to flow by gravity and then rub the back to stimulate crying, which promotes oxygenation
if ductus arteriosus fails to close
pressure in lungs and heart will be abnormal resulting in chronic heart disease