NCLEX Endocrine Sys.

A client suspected to have hyperpituitarism is sent by the primary healthcare provider to undergo a suppression test. Which laboratory value would indicate a positive result? A. 3 ng/mL B. 4 ng/mL C. 5 ng/mL D. 6 ng/mL

D. 6 ng/mL

Which statement made by a diabetic client shows that dietary teaching by the nurse was effective? A. "My diet should be rigidly controlled to avoid emergencies." B. "My diet can be planned around a wide variety of commonly used foods." C. "My diet is based on nutritional requirements that are the same for all people." D. "My diet must not include eating any combination dishes and processed foods."

B. "My diet can be planned around a wide variety of commonly used foods."

Which statement does the nurse know is true regarding a grade 2 goiter? A. A goiter mass is impalpable. B. A goiter is usually asymmetrical. C. A goiter mass moves up while swallowing. D. A goiter is invisible with the neck in normal position.

B. A goiter is usually asymmetrical.

Which hormone does the nurse state binds to the receptor site on the surface of a target cell? A. Estrogen B. Adrenaline C. Aldosterone D. Hydrocortisone

B. Adrenaline

The nurse is counseling a client with type 1 diabetes about the client's favorite foods that are lowest in carbohydrates (CHO). Which food choice picked by the client determines that teaching was effective? A. Skim milk B. Apple juice C. Nonfat yogurt D. Fresh orange juice

A. Skim milk

On reviewing the data of a client with thyroid disorder, the primary healthcare provider prescribed atenolol. Which assessment findings would indicate the need for atenolol therapy? Select all that apply. A. Tachycardia B. Atrial fibrillation C. Distant heart sounds D. Systolic hypertension E. Decreased cardiac output

A. Tachycardia B. Atrial fibrillation D. Systolic hypertension

The nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis. Which arterial blood gas results are associated with this diagnosis? A. pH: 7.28; PCO2: 28; HCO3: 18 B. pH: 7.30; PCO2: 54; HCO3: 28 C. pH: 7.50; PCO2: 49; HCO3: 32 D. pH: 7.52; PCO2: 26; HCO3: 20

A. pH: 7.28; PCO2: 28; HCO3: 18

A client is admitted with a diagnosis of chronic adrenal insufficiency. Which roommate should be avoided when assigning a room for this client? A. A young adult client with pneumonia B. An adolescent client with a fractured leg C. An older adult client who had a brain attack D. A middle-aged client who has cholecystitis

A. A young adult client with pneumonia

A nurse is caring for an alert client with diabetes who is receiving an 1800-calorie diabetic diet. The client's blood glucose level is 30 mg/dL (3 mmol/L). The primary healthcare provider's protocol calls for treatment of hypoglycemia with 15 g of a simple carbohydrate. What should the nurse do first? A. Provide 12 ounces (360 mL) of nondiet soda B. Give 25 mL dextrose 50% by slow intravenous (IV) push C. Have the client drink 8 ounces (240 mL) of fruit juice D. Ask the client to ingest one tube of glucose gel

D. Ask the client to ingest one tube of glucose gel

What are the primary causes of adrenal insufficiency? Select all that apply. A. Hemorrhage B. Tuberculosis C. Pituitary tumors D. Postpartum pituitary necrosis E. Acquired immune deficiency syndrome

A. Hemorrhage B. Tuberculosis E. Acquired immune deficiency syndrome

One week after beginning antithyroid medication for the treatment of hyperthyroidism, a client reports diarrhea, abdominal pain, and a fever. The client is admitted with a diagnosis of thyrotoxic crisis. What is the most important intervention to implement for this client? A. Limiting fluid intake B. Reducing body temperature and heart rate C. Observing for an exaggerated response to sedatives D. Treating the associated hyperglycemia and ketoacidosis

B. Reducing body temperature and heart rate

Because of multiple physical injuries and emotional concerns, a hospitalized client is at high risk to develop a stress ulcer (Curling). Which of these is evidence of a stress ulcer? A. Unexplained shock B. Melena for several days C. A sudden massive hemorrhage D. A gradual drop in the hematocrit value

C. A sudden massive hemorrhage

A nurse is caring for a client newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. When the primary healthcare provider tries to regulate this client's insulin regimen, the client experiences episodes of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia, and 15 g of a simple sugar is prescribed. What is the reason this is administered when a client experiences hypoglycemia? A. Inhibits glycogenesis B. Stimulates release of insulin C. Increases blood glucose levels D.Provides more storage of glucose

C. Increases blood glucose levels

A client's laboratory values demonstrate an increased serum calcium level, and further diagnostic tests reveal hyperparathyroidism. What clinical manifestations might the nurse identify when assessing this client? Select all that apply. A. Muscle tremors B. Abdominal cramps C. Increased peristalsis D. Cardiac dysrhythmias E. Hypoactive bowel sounds

D. Cardiac dysrhythmias E. Hypoactive bowel sounds

The registered nurse is teaching the student nurse how to care for a client with hyperpituitarism who is being treated with bromocriptine mesylate. Which statement made by the student nurse indicates effective learning? A. Gastric irritation should be reported immediately. B. Drug dose should be reduced if pregnancy occurs. C. Drug should be taken 30 minutes after meals. D. Low dose of the drug should be given while initiating therapy.

D. Low dose of the drug should be given while initiating therapy

Which assessment finding in a client signifies a mild form of hypocalcemia? A. Seizures B. Hand spasms C. Severe muscle cramps D. Numbness around the mouth

D. Numbness around the mouth

A client who is taking an oral hypoglycemic daily for type 2 diabetes develops the flu and is concerned about the need for special care at home. What should the nurse instruct the client to do? A. Skip the oral hypoglycemic pill, drink plenty of fluids, and stay in bed. B. Avoid food, drink clear liquids, take a daily temperature, and stay in bed. C. Eat as much as possible, increase fluid intake, and call the office again the next day. D. Take the oral hypoglycemic pill, drink warm fluids, and check blood sugar before meals and at bedtime.

D. Take the oral hypoglycemic pill, drink warm fluids, and check blood sugar before meals and at bedtime.

Which catecholamine receptor is responsible for increased heart rate? A. Beta1 receptor B. Beta2 receptor C. Alpha1 receptor D. Alpha2 receptor

A. Beta1 receptor

Which neurologic manifestation in a client is associated with hyperthyroidism? A. Confusion B. Hearing loss C. Tremors D. Slowness of speech

C. Tremors

A client with a tentative diagnosis of Cushing syndrome has an increased cortisol level. What response should the nurse assess this client for? A. Hypovolemia B. Hyperkalemia C. Hypoglycemia D. Hypernatremia

D. Hypernatremia

Which drug would be effective for the treatment of pituitary Cushing's syndrome? A. Mitotane B. Cabergoline C. Cyproheptadine D. Bromocriptine mesylate

C. Cyproheptadine

Which clinical manifestation is seen in a male client due to deficiency of gonadotropin? A. Decreased fertility B. Increased muscle mass C. Increased bone density D. Decreased urine specific gravity

A. Decreased fertility

A client has undergone hypophysectomy. Which action would the nurse consider to be most appropriate during postoperative care to prevent a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak? A. Prohibiting coughing or sneezing B. Encouraging deep-breathing exercises C. Assessing nasal drainage for quantity and quality D. Monitoring the neurologic status for the first 24 hrs and then every 4 hrs

A. Prohibiting coughing or sneezing

During a follow-up visit, the nurse finds increased intracranial pressure in a client who has undergone nasal hypophysectomy for hyperpituitarism. Which action taken by the client is responsible for this condition? A. Using stool softeners B. Blowing the nose and sneezing C. Performing deep-breathing exercises D. Bending the knees and lowering the body to pick up objects

B. Blowing the nose and sneezing

An older adult with a history of small cell lung carcinoma reports muscle cramping, thirst, and fatigue. The primary healthcare provider diagnoses the client with a pituitary disorder and is treating the client accordingly. Which is an effective outcome of the treatment? A. Urine output of 10 L/day B. Urine specific gravity less than 1.025 C. Urine osmolarity of 80 mOsm/kg (80 mmol/kg) D. Serum osmolarity of 600 mOsm/kg (600 mmol/kg)

B. Urine specific gravity less than 1.025

A client is admitted with a diagnosis of Cushing syndrome. Which clinical manifestations should the nurse expect the client to exhibit? Select all that apply. A. Emaciation B. Weakness C. Hypertension D. Truncal obesity E. Intermittent tonic spasms

B. Weakness C. Hypertension D. Truncal obesity

A nurse is caring for a client admitted to the hospital for diabetic ketoacidosis. Which clinical findings related to this event should the nurse document in the client's clinical record? Select all that apply. A. Diaphoresis B. Retinopathy C. Acetone breath D. Increased arterial bicarbonate level E. Decreased arterial carbon dioxide level

C. Acetone breath E. Decreased arterial carbon dioxide level

The nurse is caring for a client newly diagnosed with diabetes. What symptom of hypoglycemia is most common and should be taught to the client? A. Kussmaul respirations B. Tachycardia C. Confusion D. Anorexia

C. Confusion

Which clinical feature is indicative when a client has hypercortisolism? A. Loss of weight B. Thickening of skin C. Enhanced density of bones D. Increased pigmentation

D. Increased pigmentation

A client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of Cushing syndrome. What signs and symptoms will the client most likely exhibit? A. Hyperkalemia and edema B. Hypotension and sodium loss C. Muscle wasting and hypoglycemia D. Muscle weakness and frequent urination

D. Muscle weakness and frequent urination

How does the nurse chronologically arrange the events of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion stimulated by plasma osmolarity? 1. Osmoreceptors are activated. 2. Extracellular fluid is decreased. 3. Plasma osmolarity is increased. 4. Water is reabsorbed from renal tubules. 5. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is released.

2. Extracellular fluid is decreased. 3. Plasma osmolarity is increased. 1. Osmoreceptors are activated. 5. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is released. 4. Water is reabsorbed from renal tubules.

The physical examination of a client reveals moon face, buffalo hump, and truncal obesity. The laboratory report reveals salivary cortisol level of 3.0 ng/mL (9.54 nmol/L). Which other manifestations would be present in the client? Select all that apply. A. Edema B. Osteoporosis C. Hypogonadism D. Muscle atrophy E. Barrel-shaped chest

A. Edema B. Osteoporosis D. Muscle atrophy

The laboratory reports of a client with adrenal adenoma show high urine aldosterone levels and a low specific gravity of urine. The serum potassium is found to be 2.8 mEq/L (2.8 mmol/L). Which other findings will be present upon assessment? Select all that apply. A. Hypernatremia B. Hypertension C. Hypoglycemia D. Hypercalcemia E. Metabolic alkalosis

A. Hypernatremia B. Hypertension E. Metabolic alkalosis

During the progressive stage of shock, anaerobic metabolism occurs. Which complication should the nurse anticipate in this client? A. Metabolic acidosis B. Metabolic alkalosis C. Respiratory acidosis D. Respiratory alkalosis

A. Metabolic acidosis

A nurse is collecting information about a client with type 1 diabetes who is being admitted because of diabetic ketoacidotic coma. Which factors can predispose a client to this condition? Select all that apply. A. Taking too much insulin B. Getting too much exercise C. Excessive emotional stress D. Running a fever with the flu E. Eating fewer calories than prescribed

C. Excessive emotional stress D. Running a fever with the flu

The nurse is teaching a diabetic client about the advantages of using an insulin pump. What information should the nurse include? Select all that apply. A. It prevents ketoacidosis. B. It helps cause weight loss. C. It can improve A1C levels. D. An insulin pump costs less than subcutaneous injections. E. Clients may be able to exercise without eating more carbohydrates.

C. It can improve A1C levels. E. Clients may be able to exercise without eating more carbohydrates.

The client is admitted to the hospital with a large goiter, and a thyroidectomy is performed. What should the nurse do during the first four hours after the surgery? Select all that apply. A. Ensure that the client lies flat B. Monitor vital signs every hour C. Monitor for stridor or dyspnea D. Monitor for the signs and symptoms of tetany E. Assess the sides and back of the client's neck for evidence of bleeding

C. Monitor for stridor or dyspnea E. Assess the sides and back of the client's neck for evidence of bleeding

A client diagnosed with adrenal gland hypofunction is receiving fludrocortisone therapy. Which nursing intervention would help the client reduce the risk of complications? A. Instruct the client to report severe diarrhea B. Instruct the client to report fever and vomiting C. Instruct the client to take the drug with meals or snacks D. Instruct the client to regularly monitor blood pressure

D. Instruct the client to regularly monitor blood pressure

Which cells does the nurse identify as producing thyrocalcitonin hormone? A. Islet cells B. Adrenal cells C. Pituitary cells D. Parafollicular cells

D. Parafollicular cells

A client with type 1 diabetes who has been adhering to a prescribed insulin regimen is admitted to the hospital in ketoacidosis. Which factor may have precipitated the ketoacidosis? A. Increased exercise B. Decreased food intake C. Working the night shift D. Upper respiratory infection

D. Upper respiratory infection

The nurse is caring for a client who reports sweating, tachycardia, and tremors. The laboratory report of the client reveals serum cortisol below normal and a blood glucose level of 60 mg/dL. What is the primary care to be provided to the client? A. Administer glucagon B. Administer kayexalate C. Administer hydrocortisone D. Administer insulin with dextrose in normal saline

A. Administer glucagon

While assessing the health of a female client, the nurse suspects endocrine dysfunction. Which findings support the nurse's suspicion? Select all that apply. A. Diminished pubic hair B. Yellow-colored urine C. Pulse of 74 beats/min D. Protrusion of eyeballs E. Blood pressure of 172/80 mm Hg

A. Diminished pubic hair D. Protrusion of eyeballs E. Blood pressure of 172/80 mm Hg

A client with a primary brain tumor has developed syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). The nurse will expect to see which clinical findings upon assessment? Select all that apply. A. Nausea and vomiting B. Hyperthermia C. Bradycardia D. Increased weight E. Decreased serum sodium F. Decreased level of consciousness

A. Nausea and vomiting D. Increased weight E. Decreased serum sodium F. Decreased level of consciousness

The nurse teaches a client about cortisone therapy. Which statements made by the client indicate the need for further teaching? Select all that apply. A. "I should take three tablets at a time." B. "I should take the tablet with water." C. "I should take the tablet twice a week." D. "I should take the tablet on an empty stomach." E. "I should take the tablet with a meal."

A. "I should take three tablets at a time." C. "I should take the tablet twice a week." D. "I should take the tablet on an empty stomach."

The nurse is teaching a client who underwent a hypophysectomy for hyperpituitarism about self-management. Which actions performed by the client could cause complications on the second post-operative day? Select all that apply. A. Nose blowing B. Teeth brushing C. Bending forward D. Breathing through the mouth E. Lying in a semi-Fowler's position

A. Nose blowing B. Teeth brushing C. Bending forward

A nurse is caring for a client with a tentative diagnosis of pheochromocytoma who is receiving chlorpromazine. A 24-hour urine specimen to assess the presence of vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) is prescribed to assist in confirmation of the diagnosis. What information should the nurse include in the client teaching regarding this test? Select all that apply. A. The client may take chlorpromazine during the test. B. Encourage the client to engage in usual activities during the test. C. Only salicylates (aspirin) can be taken for discomfort during the test. D. All urine excreted over the 24-hour period must be saved and refrigerated. E. Avoid coffee, chocolate, and citrus fruit for three days before and during the test.

D. All urine excreted over the 24-hour period must be saved and refrigerated. E. Avoid coffee, chocolate, and citrus fruit for three days before and during the test.

Which drug acts as an abortifacient in female clients? A. Mifepristone B. Metyrapone C. Cyproheptadine D. Aminoglutethimide

A. Mifepristone

A primary healthcare provider prescribes propylthiouracil (PTU) for a client with hyperthyroidism. Two months after being started on the antithyroid medication, the client calls the nurse and complains of feeling tired and looking pale. What should the nurse do? A. Advise the client to get more rest. B. Schedule the client for an appointment. C. Instruct the client to skip one dose daily. D. Tell the client to increase the medication.

B. Schedule the client for an appointment.

A nurse working in the diabetes clinic is evaluating a client's success with managing the medical regimen. What is the best indication that a client with type 1 diabetes is successfully managing the disease? A. Reduction in excess body weight B. Stabilization of the serum glucose C. Demonstrated knowledge of the disease D. Adherence to the prescription for insulin

B. Stabilization of the serum glucose